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424
Atomic Energy Commission Reports
387
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375
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197
United States Department of Energy Grand Junction Office Reports
169
United States Geological Survey Reports
132
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121
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2,276 Matching Results
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Automatic Transformations in the Inference Process
A technique for incorporating automatic transformations into processes such as the application of inference rules, subsumption, and demodulation provides a mechanism for improving search strategies for theorem proving problems arising from the field of program verification. The incorporation of automatic transformations into the inference process can alter the search space for a given problem, and is particularly useful for problems having broad rather than deep proofs. The technique can also be used to permit the generation of inferences that might otherwise be blocked and to build some commutativity or associativity into the unification process. Appropriate choice of transformations, and new literal clashing and unification algorithms for applying them, showed significant improvement on several real problems according to several distinct criteria.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Veroff, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Polishing Methods for Metallic and Ceramic Transmission Electron Microscopy Specimens
"In recent years, the increasing sophistication of transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies of materials has necessitated more exacting methods of specimen preparation. The present report describes improved equipment and techniques for electropolishing and chemically polishing a wide variety of specimens. Many of the specimens used in developing or improving the techniques to be described were irradiated with heavy ions such as nickel or vanadium to study radiation damage. The high cost of these specimens increased the need for reproducible methods of initial preparation, postirradiaton processing, and final thinning for TEM examination. A technique was also developed to salvage specimens that had previously been thinned but were unusable for various reasons. Jet polishing is, in general, the method of choice for surface polishing, sectioning, and thinning. The older beaker electropolishing method is included in this report because it is inexpensive and simple, and gives some insight into how the more recent methods were developed. 29 figures, 8 tables. (ERA citation 07:004650)."--NTIS abstract.
Date:
July 1981
Creator:
Kestel, B. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physics Division Annual Review: April 1, 1989-March 31, 1990
Annual report of activities of the Argonne National Laboratory Physics Division, including research at ATLAS, medium-energy nuclear physics and weak interactions, theoretical nuclear physics, and atomic and molecular physics.
Date:
July 1990
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory. Physics Division.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electronic Transport Properties in Copper Oxides
Oxidation of copper and electronic transport in thermally grown large-grain poly-crystals of non-stoichiometric copper oxides were studied at elevated temperatures. Thermogravimetric copper oxidation was studied in air and oxygen at temperatures between 350 and 100 C. From the temperature-dependence of oxidation rates, three different processes can be identified for the oxidation of copper: bulk diffusion, grain-boundary diffusion, and surface control with whisker growth; these occur at high, intermediate, and low temperatures, respectively. Electrical conductivity measurements as a function of temperature (350 - 1134 C) and pO2 (10(sup⁻⁸-1.0 atm) indicated intrinsic electronic conduction in CuO over the entire range of conditions. Electronic behavior of non-stoichiometric Cu(sub 2)O indicates that the charge defects are doubly ionized oxygen interstitials and holes. The calculated enthalpy of formation of oxygen ((Delta)H(sub O(sub 2))) and the hole conduction energy (E(sub H)) at constant composition for non-stoichiometric Cu2O are 2.0 (plus minus) 0.2 eV and 0.82 (plus minus) 0.02 eV, respectively.
Date:
July 1991
Creator:
Park, J.-H. & Natesan, K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chaotic Dynamics of Loosely Supported Tubes in Crossflow
By means of the unsteady-flow theory and a bilinear mathematical model, a theoretical study was conducted of the chaotic dynamics associated with the fluid-elastic instability of loosely supported tubes. Calculations were performed for the RMS of tube displacement, bifurcation diagram, phase portrait, power spectral density, and Poincare map. Analytical results show the existence of chaotic, quasi-periodic, and periodic regions when flow velocity exceeds a threshold value.
Date:
July 1991
Creator:
Cai, Y. & Chen, Shoei-Sheng
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THI3D-1: A Computer Program for Steady-State Thermal-Hydraulic Multichannel Analysis
THI3D-1 is an improved version of the THI3D computer program for steady-state, single-phase, thermal-hydraulic multichannel analysis. The program accounts for conservation of mass, energy, and momentum subject to pressure-drop boundary conditions, and leads to a nonlinear multipoint boundary-value problem. Turbulent interchange, radial thermal conduction, and forced flow due to wire wraps or grids between channels are explicitly taken into account. Temperature distributions in the coolant, cladding, fuel, and duct wall and the size of the central void of the oxide fuel after thermal restructuring are computed. Also included are program-input description and format, and a sample problem reflecting these improvements.
Date:
July 1977
Creator:
Sha, William T.; Schmitt, R. C. & Lin, E. I. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
REDUCE-Aided Study of a Problem in Hermitian Matrix Theory
Let A be any n x n positive definite matrix and B any n x n non-negative definite matrix. In an earlier paper we showed that for each n there is a real number t/sub n/> 2 such that if t <t/sub n/ then the solution X of the matrix equation A²X + XA² + tAXA = B is non-negative definite. For n = 2, t₂ = infinity and for n = 3, t₃ = 8. In this report we show that t₄ = 4, t₅ <3.02048507 and t₆ <2.62120330.
Date:
July 1987
Creator:
Kwong, Man Kam
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Post-Test Analyses of Aqueous Batteries Developed for Electric Propulsion : Summary Report for January 1985-September 1986
This document is a summary of the activities conducted on post-test examination of aqueous electric-vehicle batteries from January 1985 to September 1986. The post-test analyses were conducted to determine the causes of performance degradation (e.g., capacity decline, power loss, self-discharge) in lead-acid and nickel/iron batteries. For the lead-acid batteries, the primary causes of capacity decline were generally found to be morphological changes in the positive active material, corrosion of the positive electrode grid, and loss of contact between the active material and grid in the positive electrode. For the nickel/iron batteries, the primary factors responsible for performance degradation were transport of iron through the separator to the nickel electrode and loss of contact between the active materials and current collector. These results have permitted more accurate assessments of current technical progress in development of aqueous electric-vehicle batteries and have helped to direct future R and D efforts.
Date:
July 1987
Creator:
Miller, J. F.; Marr, J. J. & Smaga, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Review of the Analyses of the Doppler-Effect Measurements in SEFOR (Southwest Experimental Fast Oxide Reactor)
The SEFOR experimental results and the three original analyses are reviewed and discussed. The emphasis of the review is placed on aspects that are pertinent to a possible modern re-analysis of the experimental results. Looking at the analysis results in terms of zero and first order effects shows that the zero order effects, the Doppler constant of the two SEFOR cores, are obtained by the three analyses in satisfactory agreement. But the first order effects, but temperature variation of this Doppler-constant quantity, cannot be determined with any informative accuracy. Since this is likely due to limitations in the experiments, a re-analysis - except for methodological reasons - does not appear to be fruitful.
Date:
July 1987
Creator:
Ott, Karl O.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Is There a Large Risk of Radiation? a Critical Review of Pessimistic Claims
A number of situations where it has been claimed that moderate radiation doses cause leukemia or other cancers are carefully reviewed. We look at cases in the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. Usually it can be demonstrated that there is an alternative, more probable, explanation for the effect seen. In several cases the authors of the papers have fallen into statistical traps. The most frequent is a posteriori selection of cohort boundaries in both space and time: a trap illustrated dramatically by Feynman. The next most common trap is to arbitrarily select one out of many ways of looking at the data, against which we were warned by Tippett. Several cohorts are compared with respect to the number of persons at risk, average dose, and the number of cancers expected. Of these, only the cohort of A-bomb survivors in Japan and the recently unclassified data on the very large occupational doses for early Soviet nuclear workers at Chelyabinsk provide evidence of clearly visible excess cancers.
Date:
July 1992
Creator:
Shihab-Eldin, Adnan; Shlyakhter, Alexander & Wilson, Richard
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Use of a Centrifugal Contactor for Component Concentration by Solvent Extraction
Theoretical and experimental work was undertaken to explore the use of the Argonne design centrifugal contactor as a concentrating device for metal ions in solutions such as transuranic-containing waste streams and contaminated groundwater. First, the theoretical basis for operating the contactor as a concentrator was developed. Then, the ability of the contactor to act as a concentrating device was experimentally demonstrated with neodymium over a wide range of organic-to-aqueous (O/A) flow ratios (0.01 to 33). These data were also used to derive a correlation for the effect of O/A flow ratio on extraction efficiency.
Date:
July 1992
Creator:
Leonard, R. A.; Wygmans, D. G.; McElwee, M. J.; Wasserman, M. O. & Vandegrift, G. F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technology Development Goals for Automotive Fuel Cell Power Systems
Directed Technologies, Inc. has previously submitted a detailed technical assessment and concept design for a mid-size, five-passenger fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), under contract to Argonne National Laboratory. As a supplement to that contract, DTI has reviewed the literature and conducted a preliminary evaluation of two energy carriers for the FCEV: hydrogen and methanol. This report compares the estimated fuel efficiency, cost of producing and delivering the fuel, and the resultant life cycle costs of the FCEV when fueled directly by hydrogen and when fueled by methanol with on-board reforming to produce the required hydrogen-rich gas for the fuel cell. This work will be supplemented and expanded under the Ford contract with the Department of Energy to develop the FCEV and its fuel infrastructure.
Date:
July 1995
Creator:
Thomas, C. E. & James, Brian D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ion Replacement Program Annual Report: 1993
Annual report of the Ion Replacement Electrorefining Program at Aronne National Laboratory describing their research and activities. There are three key accomplishments highlighted for the year: (1) identification of a suitable sodium(beta){double_prime}-alumina/molten salt electrolyte system that functions reproducibly at 723 K, (2) actual separation of dysprosium and lanthanum in experiments, and (3) the identification of a metal alloy, Li{sub x}Sb, as an alternative ion replacement electrode.
Date:
July 1993
Creator:
Tomczuk, Z.; Willit, J. L. & Fischer, A. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical Review of Glass Performance Modeling
Borosilicate glass is to be used for permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in a geologic repository. Mechanistic chemical models are used to predict the rate at which radionuclides will be released from the glass under repository conditions. The most successful and useful of these models link reaction path geochemical modeling programs with a glass dissolution rate law that is consistent with transition state theory. These models have been used to simulate several types of short-term laboratory tests of glass dissolution and to predict the long-term performance of the glass in a repository. Although mechanistically based, the current models are limited by a lack of unambiguous experimental support for some of their assumptions. The most severe problem of this type is the lack of an existing validated mechanism that controls long-term glass dissolution rates. Current models can be improved by performing carefully designed experiments and using the experimental results to validate the rate-controlling mechanisms implicit in the models. These models should be supported with long-term experiments to be used for model validation. The mechanistic basis of the models should be explored by using modern molecular simulations such as molecular orbital and molecular dynamics to investigate both the glass structure and …
Date:
July 1994
Creator:
Bourcier, William L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
User`s Guide for the Casting Process Simulator Software CaPS-2D, Version 1.0
Most casting defects occur during initial pouring and therefore the design of the running system, which guides the metal from the ladle into the mold, is crucial. Traditionally, the running system and mold filling are designed by trial and error, which is tedious, time consuming, and expensive. The uncertainties that remain can be overcome by a computer simulation that demonstrates the actual process of mold filling and subsequent solidification. Computer simulation of various processes has become more and more common in recent years. The cost-effectiveness of making flawless castings has made the foundry worker more aware of the process of mold filling, identification of hot spots, etc. The macroscopic Casting Process Simulator (CaPS) software combines heat transfer and fluid flow aspects and can describe a variety of solidification aspects, including mold filling. CaPS is a two-dimensional time-dependent computer code involving a finite-volume formulation for the mass, momentum. and energy equations. CaPS has the following characteristics. CaPS uses the PATRAN geometric modeling package for constructing the geometry, generating a neutral file consisting of a list of named components, and post-processing of the simulation results; building the geometry independently of the mesh is a time-saving procedure. A structured mesh generator of structured …
Date:
July 1993
Creator:
Domanus, H. M.; Schmitt, R. C. & Ahuja, S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fifty Cell Test Facility
This report describes the design of a facility capable of the simultaneous testing of up to 50 high-temperature (400 to 500 C) lithium alloy/iron sulfide cells; this facility is located in the Chemical Engineering Division of Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The emphasis will be on the lifetime testing of cells fabricated by ANL and industrial contractors to acquire statistical data on the performance of cells of various designs. A computer-based data-acquisition system processes the cell performance data generated from the cells on test. The terminals and part of the data-acquisition equipment are housed in an air-conditioned enclosure adjacent to the testing facility; the computer is located remotely.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Arntzen, J. D.; Kolba, V. M.; Miller, W. E. & Gay, E. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Theory and Use of GIRAFFE for Analysis of Decay Characteristics of Delayed-Neutron Precursors in an LMFBR
The application of the computer code GIRAFFE (General Isotope Release Analysis For Failed Elements) written in FORTRAN IV is described. GIRAFFE was designed to provide parameter estimates of the nonlinear discrete-measurement models that govern the transport and decay of delayed-neutron precursors in a liquid-metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR). The code has been organized into a set of small, relatively independent and well-defined modules to facilitate modification and maintenance. The program logic, the numerical techniques, and the methods of solution used by the code are presented, and the functions of the MAIN program and of each subroutine are discussed.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Gross, Kenny C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cross Sections for Electron Inelastic Collisions with Argon
A complete set of optical oscillator strengths and electron-impact cross sections for the argon atom is presented in tabular form. A large variety of experimental data and theoretical calculations was studied, and various checks based on theory (including the constraint of sum rules) were critically performed. Data were analyzed mainly by a semi-empirical method that stresses the close relation of photoabsorption with electron-atom collisions.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Eggarter, E. & Inokuti, Mitio
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRANS4 : a Computer Code Calculation of Solid Fuel Penetration of a Concrete Barrier
The computer code, TRANS4, models the melting and penetration of a solid barrier by a solid disc of fuel following a core disruptive accident. This computer code has been used to model fuel debris penetration of basalt, limestone concrete, basaltic concrete, and magnetite concrete. Sensitivity studies were performed to assess the importance of various properties on the rate of penetration. Comparisons were made with results from the GROWS II code.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Ono, C. M.; Kumar, R. & Fink, J. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solution of the General Nonlinear Programming Problem with Subroutine VMCOM
The solution of the general nonlinear programming problem by means of a subroutine called VMCON is described. VMCON uses an algorithm that solves a sequence of positive-definite quadratic programming sub-problems. Each solution determines a direction in which a one-dimensional minimization is performed. In developing this code, changes in the original implementation were made to make the program easier to use and maintain and to incorporate some recently developed LINPACK subprograms. The current implementation contains extensive in-line documentation; an interface subroutine, VMCON1, with a simplified calling sequence; and print options to aid the user in interpreting results.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Crane, Roger L.; Hillstrom, Kenneth E. & Minkoff, Michael
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Welding Procedure and Aging on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Austenitic Stainless Steel
Various types of austenitic stainless steel (SS) were aged for up to 2500 h at a temperature of 600C to determine whether the resultant microstructural changes would affect the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation and thus the reliability of ultrasonic in-service inspections. Samples of Type 304 and 316 SS as well as 308, 308CRE, and 316 weld metal were examined. Velocity variations were less than 1%, and attenuation variations at frequencies below 10 MHz were not significant except in the anomalous case of one Type 316 SS weldmetal sample. That change may be due to unexpected microstructural changes associated with aging. The variation in the samples attributed to aging is therefore not expected to have a deleterious effect on ultrasonic in-service inspection of stainless steel reactor components.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Kupperman, D. S.; Caines, M. J.; Reimann, K. J. & Fiore, N. F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Implementation Guide for MINPACK-1
MINPACK-1 is a package of Fortran subprograms for the numerical solution of systems of nonlinear equations and nonlinear least-squares problems. This report describes how to implement the package from the tape on which it is transmitted.
Date:
July 1980
Creator:
Garbow, B. S.; Hillstrom, Kenneth E. & Moré, Jorge J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Hydration Process of Nuclear-Waste Glass: An Interim Report
Aging of simulated nuclear waste glass by contact with a controlled-temperature, humid atmosphere results in the formation of a double hydration layer penetrating the glass, as well as the formation of minerals on the glass surface. The hydration process can be described by Arrhenius behavior between 120 and 240 C. Results suggest that simulated aging reactions are necessary for demonstrating that nuclear waste forms can meet projected Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations.
Date:
July 1982
Creator:
Bates, J. K.; Jardine, L. J. & Steindler, M. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Software for Estimating Sparse Jacobian Matrices
In many nonlinear problems it is necessary to estimate the Jacobian matrix of a nonlinear mapping F. In large scale problems the Jacobian of F is usually sparse, and then estimation by differences is attractive because the number of differences can be small compared to the dimension of the problem. For example, if the Jacobian matrix is banded then the number of differences needed to estimate the Jacobian matrix is, at most, the width of the band. In this paper we describe a set of subroutines whose purpose is to estimate the Jacobian matrix of a mapping F with the least possible number of function evaluations.
Date:
July 1982
Creator:
Coleman, Thomas F. & Moré, Jorge J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library