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Tobacco Price Support: An Overview of the Program
Over 93% of U.S. tobacco production is flue-cured and burley (both being cigarette tobacco types). These crops are particularly important to the agriculture of North Carolina (where flue-cured is grown) and Kentucky (where burley is grown). Together, these two states produce 65% of the total U.S. tobacco crop. The federal tobacco price support program is designed to support and stabilize prices for farmers. It operates through a combination of mandatory marketing quotas and nonrecourse loans. Marketing quotas limit the amount of tobacco each farmer can sell, which indirectly raises market prices. The loan program establishes guaranteed minimum prices. The law requires that the loan program operate at no net cost to the federal government. Apart from year-to-year budget impacts, no-net-cost provisions of the law are intended to assure that all loan principal plus interest will be recovered
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Womach, Jasper
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tobacco-Related Programs and Activities of the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Operation and Cost
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has long operated programs that directly assist farmers and others with the production and marketing of numerous crops, including tobacco. In most cases, the programs themselves are not controversial. Increasingly, however, where tobacco is involved, the use of federal funds is being called into question.
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Womach, Jasper
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Agriculture and the International Monetary Fund
Congress is considering legislation to provide supplemental resources to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to strengthen its ability to deal with future financial crises like those currently in Asia and in 1994-95 in Mexico. many in U.S.
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Hanrahan, Charles E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and the New Ozone NAAQS: The OTAG Process
The Ozone Transport Assessment Group (OTAG) represented a cooperative effort between states, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and numerous stakeholders to address teh complex issue of ozone transport. However, opponents of the new ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) argue that the OTAG recommendations are far too vague and ambiguous to be cited by EPA as a basis for implementation. This report provides background on the effort, and summarizes OTAG's assessment and recommendations.
Date:
July 30, 1998
Creator:
Parker, Larry & Blodgett, John E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change Treaty: The Kyoto Protocol
Negotiations on the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) were completed December 11, 1997, committing the industrialized nations to specified, legally binding reductions in emissions of six "greenhouse gases." This report discusses the major provisions of the Kyoto Protocol.
Date:
July 31, 1998
Creator:
Fletcher, Susan R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Budget FY1999: A Chronology with Internet Access
This is a select chronology of, and a finding guide for information on, congressional and presidential actions and documents related to major budget events in calendar year 1998, covering the FY1999 budget. Brief information is provided for the President’s budget, congressional budget resolutions, appropriations measures (regular, continuing, supplementals, and rescissions), budget reconciliation, House and Senate votes, line-item vetoes, publications, testimony, charts, and tables.
Date:
July 23, 1998
Creator:
Bley, Mary Frances
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (P.L. 105-178): An Overview of Environmental Protection Provisions
On June 9, 1998, President Clinton signed into law the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA 21, P.L. 105-178). The law authorizes a total of $218 billion for federal highway and mass transit programs from FY1998 to FY2003 and sets aside roughly $12.4 billion for several environmental programs. It authorizes a total of $8.1 billion from FY1998 to FY2003
Date:
July 31, 1998
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Budget Surpluses: Economic Effects of Debt Repayment, Tax Cuts, or Spending - An Overview
Updated projections released on July 15 by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) indicate budget surpluses rising from $63 billion (0.9% of GDP) in FY1998 to more than $100 billion (1.3% to 1.5% of GDP) from FY2002 through FY2005 and over $200 billion (1.8% to 1.9%) from FY2006 through FY2008.1
Date:
July 23, 1998
Creator:
Cox, William
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Budget for Fiscal Year 1998
This report discusses the efforts to reach an agreement on the fiscal year (FY) 1998 budget were, in many respects, a continuation of the efforts to balance the federal budget by (or before) FY2002. The proposals and legislation for FY1998 were designed to move the budget further towards balance.
Date:
July 22, 1998
Creator:
Winters, Philip D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary and Comparison of the Major Agricultural Provisions of the Tobacco Settlement Policy Proposals
None
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Womach, Jasper
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Compensating Farmers for the Tobacco Settlement
The legislative proposals designed to reduce smoking, primarily by teenagers, are likely to have negative economic consequences for tobacco growers and tobacco-dependent communities. This report discusses the possibility of some kind of compensation to farmers as part of the settlement package legislation.
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Womach, Jasper
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Property Rights Implementation Act of 1998
On July 7, 1998, Senator Hatch introduced S. 2271, the "Property Rights Implementation Act of 1998." The bill appears to be the likely replacement on the Senate floor for H.R. 1534 as reported by the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. S. 2271 retains the basic "process" approach of its predecessor, but makes numerous changes. Among these are a restriction of H.R. 1534's takings-ripeness provisions to real property rather than all types of property, a new definition of "futility," different restrictions on district court abstention, and new provisions as to attorneys fees and prior notice applicable to parties suing local governments for takings under 42 U.S.C. sec. 1983.
Date:
July 10, 1998
Creator:
Meltz, Robert
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast-Track Trade Negotiating Authority: A Comparison of 105th Congress Legislative Proposals
This report provides a side-by-side comparison of the reported versions of H.R. 2621 and S. 1269, 105 Congress bills that would provide the President with trade negotiating authority and accord certain resulting agreements and implementing bills expedited -- or “fast-track” -- legislative consideration.
Date:
July 2, 1998
Creator:
Grimmett, Jeanne J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Military Base Closures: Time for Another Round?
None
Date:
July 2, 1998
Creator:
Lockwood, David E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Protection: Defense-Related Programs
The Department of Defense (DOD) operates six environmental programs that address cleanup of past contamination at military facilities, compliance with environmental laws and regulations that apply to current activities, cleanup at military bases being closed, pollution prevention, natural resource conservation, and environmental technology. In addition, the Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for managing defense nuclear waste generated from the past production of atomic materials used to construct nuclear weapons and for remediating contaminated sites. For FY1999, the Administration has requested a total of $10. 14 billion for DOD and DOE's defense-related environmental activities, which represents about 3.7% of the total request of $271.6 billion for national defense and is roughly 1.6% below the FY1998 funding level of $l0.30 billion.
Date:
July 28, 1998
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance Bills in the 105th Congress: Comparison of H.R. 2183 (Hutchison -Allen), H.R. 3526 (Shays-Meehan), and Current Law
As pledged by Speaker Gingrich, the House renewed consideration of campaign finance reform in May 1998. The principal bill is H.R. 2183, known as the freshman bipartisan bill, introduced July 17, 1997, by Messrs. Hutchinson and Allen. Selected floor amendments and substitutes will be in order. The legislation that has generated the most publicity in the 105th Congress has been the McCain-Feingold bill (S. 25), offered on March 19, 1998, as H.R. 3526 by Messrs. Shays and Meehan;1 this has also been offered as substitute amendment no. 13 to H.R. 2183 in the current debate. Table 1 highlights key differences between the two bills, and Table 2 summarizes and compares H.R. 2183, H.R. 3526, and current law.
Date:
July 22, 1998
Creator:
Cantor, Joseph E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electricity Restructuring: Comparison of S.1401, H.R. 655, H.R. 1230, S. 722, H.R. 1960, and S. 2287
Once considered the nation's most regulated industry, the electric utility industry is evolving into a more competitive environment. At the current time, the focus of this development is the generating sector, where the advent of new generating technologies, such as gas-fired combined cycle, has lowered both entry barriers to competitors of traditional utilities and lowered the marginal costs of those competitors below those of some traditional utilities. This technological advance has been combined with legislative initiatives, such as the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT), to encourage the introduction of competitive forces into the electric generating sector. The questions now are whether further legislative action is desirable to encourage competition in the electric utility sector and how the transition between a comprehensive regulatory regime to a more competitive electric utility sector can be made with the least amount of economic and service disruption.
Date:
July 16, 1998
Creator:
Parker, Larry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Risk Analysis: A Review of Public Policy Issues
This report describes and analyzes key issues and legislative options related to risk analysis and risk management at EPA and considers the potential impact of proposed legislative approaches on EPA's rule-making process and final regulations. The report describes the history of EPA's use of risk analysis and then summarizes and analyzes issues and legislative proposals for increasing such use. Legislative activities in the 105th Congress are described. A list of selected references and an appendix where key terms are defined conclude the report.
Date:
July 15, 1998
Creator:
Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. National Science Foundation: An Overview
None
Date:
July 1, 1998
Creator:
Matthews, Christine M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration: An Overview and FY1999 Budget Analysis
None
Date:
July 1, 1998
Creator:
Radzanowski, David P. & Rowberg, Richard E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Restructuring the Internal Revenue Service: A Comparison of Two Major Bills in the 105th Congress
None
Date:
July 6, 1998
Creator:
Morrison, Sylvia
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Department of Energy FY1999 Research and Development Budget: Description and Analysis
This report focuses on the R&D programs. It divides the programs into four categories: energy resources R&D, science, national security R&D, and environmental quality R&D. Those categories, which approximate the way DOE has divided up its programs, are set up to keep similar research activities together.(1) R&D funding is concentrated in the first three. The report gives a description of the programs within each category including their research objectives and the activities where significant budget changes were requested for FY1999. It then describes the request, and congressional appropriation and authorization action. There follows a discussion of issues about the FY1999 request that are emerging during congressional consideration of the budget.
Date:
July 8, 1998
Creator:
Rowberg, Richard E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Securities Litigation Reform: Unfinished Business?
None
Date:
July 14, 1998
Creator:
Shorter, Gary
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Pay: FY 1999 Salary Adjustments
This report provides an overview of federal pay Salary adjustments for Fiscal Year 1999
Date:
July 8, 1998
Creator:
Schwemle, Barbara L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library