The results of an experimental study of gas fracturing technology for geothermal well stimulation demonstrated that multiple fractures could be created to link water-filled boreholes with existing fractures. The resulting fracture network and fracture interconnections were characterized by mineback as well as flow tests. Commercial oil field fracturing tools were used successfully in these experiments. Simple scaling laws for gas fracturing and a brief discussion of the application of this technique to actual geothermal well stimulation are presented. 10 refs., 42 figs., 4 tabs.

An in-situ spectroscopic erosion yield measurement is developed and used to monitor material surface erosion during bombardment by a plasma. The experiments are performed in a plasma that has the characteristics of a fusion tokamak boundary plasma but the technique is applicable to many processes where plasma erosion is important. Erosion yield of materials bombarded in a high flux (up to 10/sup 18/ion/cm/sup 2//s) plasma environment has been previously studied using weight loss measurements. In the present study, the sputtered flux from a material is monitored by the line emission intensities of atoms eroded from the surface. The line intensities can be used to infer erosion yields after proper calibration. The method agrees well with results from weight loss measurements. Earlier work established that the material surface structure can substantially influence the erosion yield. When a change of surface morphology (e.g. cone formation) occurs, weight loss methods cannot be used to determine the erosion yield. However, the in-situ erosion measurement is suitable and is used to investigate the relation between the on-set of morphology changes and alternations in erosion yield during plasma bombardment. Experiments are reported for copper, as an example of pure material, and stainless steel, as a example …

For colliding beams of several species of ions we compare thermal to perturbative quantum chromodynamic contributions for inclusive large mass muon pair production by using a hydrodynamic model to estimate the temperatures of the quark-gluon plasma produced by each species. The production of high energy dimuons with M {approx equal}-4 GeV, will be favored energetically by the quark-gluon plasma. 10 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

This report focuses on the formal policies and guidelines’ through which health care institutions articulate decision making procedures and identify permissible options regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments for adult patients in their care.

Intermediate-range order in binary and ternary chalcogenide glasses is discussed, with special reference to GeSe/sub 2/ and Ag/sub 4/Ge/sub 3/Se/sub 9/. A signature of this order is provided by the first sharp diffraction peak, which occurs in these glasses at Q /approximately/ 1 /sup /angstrom/A//sup /minus/1/ and shows anomalous behavior in several ways. It is strongly depressed by the addition of Ag to the GeSe/sub 2/ glass. The addition of Ag also leads to a softening of the vibrational spectrum. 11 refs., 4 figs.

This publication contains 50-year committed dose equivalent factors, in tabular form. The document is intended to be used as the primary reference by the US Department of Energy (DOE) and its contractors for calculating radiation dose equivalents for members of the public, resulting from ingestion or inhalation of radioactive materials. Its application is intended specifically for such materials released to the environment during routine DOE operations, except in those instances where compliance with 40 CFR 61 (National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) requires otherwise. However, the calculated values may be equally applicable to unusual releases or to occupational exposures. The use of these committed dose equivalent tables should ensure that doses to members of the public from internal exposures are calculated in a consistent manner at all DOE facilities.

Detailed state-of-the-art building energy simulation models from nations participating in International Energy Agency (IEA) Task VIII are used to develop a quantitative procedure to evaluate more simplified design tools. Simulations are performed with the detailed models on a series of cases that progress systematically from the extremely simple to the relatively realistic. Output values for the cases, such as annual loads, annual maximum and minimum temperatures, and peak loads, are used to set target ranges with which the results from more simplified design tools can be compared. The more realistic cases, although geometrically simple, test the ability of the design tools to model such combined effects as thermal mass, direct gain windows, overhangs, internally generated heat, and dead-band and set-back thermostat control strategies. 5 refs., 9 figs., 4 tabs.

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Reburning is a combustion modification technique which removes NO{sub x} from combustion products by using fuel as a reducing agent. Previous studies have shown that natural gas is more effective than coal as a reburning fuel. Objectives of this program are to define the chemical and physical constraints which prevent the attainment of 80% NO{sub x} reduction with reburning and to test improved configurations for reburning as an advanced NO{sub x} control technique for coal-fired boilers. Bench scale studies are designed to screen the chemical and physical means for enhancing reburning efficiency. Pilot studies will evaluate the impacts of finite rate mixing on the effectiveness of the various concepts. The program consists of the following: bench scale studies of N{sub 2} formation in reburning zone and XN conversion in burnout zone; pilot scale studies; interpretation and generalization, and a final report. This report documents the experimental results obtained in the bench scale studies. The focus is on the chemistry of N{sub 2} formation in the reburning zone. Experiments were conducted in the bench scale Control Temperature Tower (CTT).

Monthly compilation of estimated statistics listed by Texas county for civilian labor force (C.L.F.), employment, unemployment, and overall rate.

Experimental research was performed to evaluate TiB/sub 2/-based cathodes, which may be used for retrofitting existing commercial Hall-Heroult cells. Candidate cathode materials and retrofit designs were analyzed in laboratory-scale electrolysis tests and nonpolarized immersion tests in molten Al. The cathode materials and cathode attachment designs were selected based on a literature review (Schilling, Hagen, and Hart 1987) and previous experimental research at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (Hart et al. 1987). 40 refs., 16 figs., 2 tabs.

Report of activities at Argonne involving the Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Cogeneration Air Heater Experiment.

Adequate, reliable space transportation is the key to this Nation’s future in space. Over the next several years, Congress must make critical decisions regarding the direction and funding of U.S. space transportation systems. These decisions include improving existing launch systems, designing and procuring new launch systems, and developing advanced technologies. America’s constrained budgetary environment and the lack of a national consensus about the future of the U.S. space program make Congress’s role in this process more difficult and important than ever.

Letter to public officials announcing public hearings and solicitation for feedback within the Edwards Underground Water District.

This paper discusses the use of fluorescent screens for the measurement of beam profiles on non-circulating particle beams. An expression for the intensity of the beam profile as a function of phosphor thickness is given. 3 refs., 8 figs.

This paper treats the liquid-metal flow in an elbow between two straight, rectangular ducts. There is a uniform magnetic field in the plane of the elbow. The duct has thin, electrically conducting walls. The Hartmann number and the interaction parameter are assumed to be large, while the magnetic Reynolds number is assumed to be small. Solutions for the velocity at each cross section of the elbow and for the pressure drop due to three-dimensional effects are presented. 10 refs., 5 figs.

In the case of a gross argon spill from the DO detector, the liquid argon is caught in three plenums. These plenums are to be connected by bellows to make a horizontal trough open at one end for removing the argon. The design of these bellows is dependent on the maximum argon load they must carry. Bellows to connect the three argon-catching plenums in the DO detector must be able to carry at least 92 lbs of argon when closed and 231 lbs when open, plus the load due to argon in the convolutions. Examples of such loads and the method for their calculations are contained in the Discussion. It should be noted that a set of assumptions was used in these calculations. First, we considered a uniform channel and uniform flow. Second, we used a value for Manning's n meant for a similar, but not exactly the same, case. Finally, we were forced to define an average depth, d, to be used to state the hydraulic radius, R, and area of flow, A. These facts may warrant consideration in future calculations.

The purpose of this short talk is to initiate a discussion on the question of whether a long polarized target should be constructed for the Fermilab muon beam. 4 refs.

The penetration depth of a magnetic field into a superconducting YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ film was measured by polarized neutron reflection. The sample comprised an epitaxial film with the c-axis of its orthorhombic structure perpendicular to the film's surface. Measurements at 14 K showed that a magnetic field (parallel to the surface) penetrates into the surface over a depth of 1400 /angstrom/. 9 refs., 3 figs.

Research programs from Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in materials science, chemical science, nuclear science, fossil energy, energy storage, health and environmental sciences, program development funds, and work for others is briefly described. (CBS)

This report gives an approved set of material properties over a range of environmental conditions which are sufficient to design the metallic components in the reactor system and hot duct assembly. Table 1-1 list these metallic components together with the reference design material chosen for each component. Table 1-2 summarizes the structural criteria of each metallic component taken from the component specifications. In all cases, the criteria references the ASME B&PV Code. The ASME-Code includes the material properties of Coded material. The Code does not, however, include environmental effects (such as irradiation, corrosion, or thermal aging), and for some components the material maximum allowable temperature is below that of the design and/or postulated ``safety-related`` accident conditions. Table 1-3 gives the Code limits for the portions of the Code given in Table 1-2. This document includes the effects of the radiation environment, chemical impurity effects (in the primary coolant), and the effects of thermal aging and corrosion on the metallic properties. The design information introduced in this document includes that available from the ASME B&PV Code High-Temperature Code Cases plus material information from General Atomics (GA) and Oak Ridge National Laboratories (ORNL) that is published.

The stability and mobility of active slip and twin modes in superlattice structures, for both cubic and noncubic crystals, are theoretically investigated based on the energetics and kinetics of dislocation dissociations. The main concept of the force couplet model for the positive temperature dependence of yield and flow stresses is introduced. Two sources of the glide resistance in ordered lattices are the fault dragging mechanism and the cross-slip pinning mechanism. The effective fault energy consists of two terms related to the chemical and mechanical instability of a shear fault (antiphase boundary, superlattice intrinsic stacking fault, or microtwin). Dependence of the yield stress on the orientation and the sense of applied stress stems from the signs and magnitudes of the glide and nonglide stresses. As the effective fault energy is altered by solute segregation and/or high nonglide stress, the two glide resistance mechanisms are affected differently. In Ni/sub 3/Al and ..beta..-CuZn, the major aspects of anomalous yield strength, strain rate sensitivity, in situ deformation transmission electron microscopy observations, microtwinning, and nonstoichiometry effect are discussed in view of the present model. In addition, the order twinning-slip conjugate relationship is identified, in all the superlattice structures considered, which will influence the deformation behavior …

In this document we present the results of our analysis of data from 16 three-component seismometers and 8 dynamite explosions around the Medicine Lake volcano's Glass Mountain in northern California. The Medicine Lake volcano is located just northeast of the southeastward-trending Cascade Range of shield and small composite volcanoes. 2 refs., 6 figs.