14 MeV neutron work at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (open access)

14 MeV neutron work at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

The 14 MeV neutron work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) covers two main areas of interest to this Symposium: (1) measurements and calculations of differential cross sections; and (2) integral measurements of the neutron and gamma emission spectra. In both areas a large number of materials have been studied, spanning a wide mass range (6 < A < 239), of interest to fusion and hybrid reactors. In this presentation a brief description of the experimental techniques and calculational analysis is given for each of the above areas and the measured and calculated cross sections are discussed. 28 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Hansen, L. F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator physics experiments at Aladdin (open access)

Accelerator physics experiments at Aladdin

The Aladdin accelerator is a 1 GeV synchrotron light source located at the University of Wisconsin. The results of experimental studies of the Aladdin accelerator are described. The primary purpose of the experiments reported was to investigate reported anomalies in the behavior of the linear lattice, particularly in the vertical plane. A second goal was to estimate the ring broadband impedance. Experimental observations and interpretation of the linear properties of the Aladdin ring are described, including the beta function and dispersion measurements. Two experiments are described to measure the ring impedance, the first a measurement of the parasitic mode loss, and the second a measurement of the beam transfer function. Measurements of the longitudinal and transverse emittance at 100 and 200 MeV are described and compared with predictions. 10 refs., 24 figs., 2 tabs. (LEW)
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Chattopadhyay, S.; Cornacchia, M.; Jackson, A. & Zisman, M. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Adsorption of energy in photocatalytic reactors (open access)

Adsorption of energy in photocatalytic reactors

The dissociation of water to hydrogen and oxygen requires energy ..delta..G/sub 298/ = 228 kJ/mole. By irradiating a semiconductor with light of energy greater than this amount, one may produce electrons in the excited state and electron vacancies at the surface that can perform the photochemical reduction (2H/sup +/ + 2e/sup -/ ..-->.. 2H ..-->.. H/sub 2/) and oxidation (20H/sup -/ + 2/sup +/ ..-->.. H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ ..-->.. H/sub 2/O + (1/2)O/sub 2/). There are several semiconductors, SrTiO/sub 3/, TiO/sub 2/, CdS, and Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ among them, that can photodissociate water. Some possess sites for both reduction and oxidation, while others carry out the two processes at different surfaces. A reversible solid state reaction that involves changes in the transition metal and ion oxidation state must accompany the splitting of water. Platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium oxide, when deposited on the semiconductor, serve as catalysts that accelerate the water photodissociation. These additives accelerate the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, shift the semiconductor Fermi level to a more favorable position that improves the thermodynamic feasibility for the process, accelerate electron transport, and inhibit side reactions like the photoreduction of oxygen. Many of the elementary reaction steps leading to photoproduction …
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Somorjai, G.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages: Should a Radio and TV Ban be Imposed? (open access)

Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages: Should a Radio and TV Ban be Imposed?

This issue brief discusses the ongoing debate centered around television and radio advertising of alcoholic beverages, especially as it relates to the possible negative influence on the drinking habits of minors.
Date: July 26, 1985
Creator: Mulock, Bruce K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alleged Fraud, Waste and, and Abuse: General Dynamics Corp. (open access)

Alleged Fraud, Waste and, and Abuse: General Dynamics Corp.

Numerous Federal agencies -- including the Justice Department and Congressional committees -- are investigating allegations of fraud at the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation, the nation's third largest defense contractor. This issue brief provides a chronological summary, based on newspaper and magazine accounts, of each of these investigations.
Date: July 12, 1985
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ambient Pressure Effects on the Sputter Particle Distribution of Insulating Materials (open access)

Ambient Pressure Effects on the Sputter Particle Distribution of Insulating Materials

The effect of ion bombardment on several grades of alumina was investigated. Changes in the electrical resistance of the substrate as a function of incoming ion energy were of particular interest. Attention was also paid to the sputter particle distribution as a function of ambient pressure. This distribution was found to be dependent on the ion to substrate mass ratio. In general, the distribution follows a curve of growth; approximating a cosine distribution at the lower pressures and mass ratio, becoming isotropic at higher pressures. Pressures in the range of 10/sup -2/ to 10/sup -4/ Pascals have been used along with mass ratios in the range of 0.40 to 1.3. Samples of up to 80 cm/sup 2/ were subjected to a 10 cm diameter ion beam at energies of up to 6.25 keV. Average ion current densities of 1ma/cm/sup 2/ were used. Substrate temperatures while subjected to the ion beam were also monitored.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Glaser, J. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis, Volume 6, Number 7, July 1985 (open access)

Analysis, Volume 6, Number 7, July 1985

Periodic newsletter discussing information related to legislation, state finance, and other topics related to Texas government. This issue focuses on various spending and appropriation concerns in Texas.
Date: July 1985
Creator: Texas Research League
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Army Standardized Combat PLL and Combat ASL Program (open access)

The Army Standardized Combat PLL and Combat ASL Program

"The purpose of this revised DA Pamphlet 710-3 is to provide updated information about The Standardized Combat PLL and ASL Program. The intent of the program is to improve repair parts stockage in Army units so they can continue to operate in combat" (p. i).
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: United States. Department of the Army.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Artificial Sweeteners (open access)

Artificial Sweeteners

This report discusses the artificial sweeteners have been a source of controversy in the U.S. for over 73 years. One of the factors driving these issues has been an interplay of a large consumer demand for low calorie sweeteners and controversy concerning certain safety standards set forth in the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FDCA.
Date: July 12, 1985
Creator: Taylor, Sarah E
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of near-surface dissolution at and near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), southeastern New Mexico (open access)

Assessment of near-surface dissolution at and near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), southeastern New Mexico

The area at and near the WIPP site was examined for evidence of karst development on the geomorphic surface encompassing the site. Certain surficial depressions of initial concern were identified as blowouts in sand dune fields (shallow features unrelated to karstification). An ancient stream system active more than 500,000 yr ago contained more water than any system since. During that time (Gatuna, Middle Pleistocene), many karst features such as Clayton Basin and Nash Draw began to form in the region. Halite was probably dissolved from parts of the Rustler Formation at that time. Dissolution of halite and gypsum from intervals encountered in Borehole WIPP-33 west of the WIPP site occurred during later Pleistocene time (i.e., <450,000 yr ago). However, there is no evidence of active near-surface dissolution within a belt to the east of WIPP-33 in the vicinity of the WIPP shaft. 26 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Bachman, G.O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Balanced Budget Proposal: Some Macroeconomic Implications (open access)

The Balanced Budget Proposal: Some Macroeconomic Implications

This brief report outlines some possible macroeconomic implications of observing a statutory or constitutional commitment to balance the Federal budget. It does not address the legal questions about the proposal or their implementation, nor the economic and political questions related to decisions about the level of Federal revenues or expenditures. On the latter, its analysis refers to revenue and expenditure levels, in relation to total national product, typical of recent years.
Date: July 29, 1985
Creator: Henderson, John B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bioenergetics of Juvenile Salmon During the Spring Outmigration, 1983 Annual Report. (open access)

Bioenergetics of Juvenile Salmon During the Spring Outmigration, 1983 Annual Report.

Main stem reservoirs in the Columbia River Basin may have increased the energy demands of smolts during outmigration by prolonging migration and exposing smolts to seasonally rising water temperatures. A bioenergetic model for spring chinook salmon smolts (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is being developed to test these hypotheses. Results have thus far indicated that the seaward migration can be separated into two distinct phases. Phase I can be described as a period of intense smolt development in which there was a post hatchery release surge in gill Na/sup +/-K/sup +/ ATPase activity, depletion of energy available in body lipids, and a concurrent decline in caloric density. Phase II was characterized by maintenence of smolt status in apparent anticipation of reaching the estuary. Phase II is the period most affected by impoundments and annual changes in water flow; the latter period will therefore be modeled in bioenergetic simulations. Laboratory and field observations provided input parameters for the model and empirical data to verify model simmulations. Total calories, caloric density, proximate body composition, ration, and caloric intake were determined in smolts as seaward migration progressed. The effect of swimming and starvation on energy reserves and seawater survival were determined in the laboratory. Fatty acid …
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Rondorf, Dennis W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biological trace element measurements using synchrotron radiation (open access)

Biological trace element measurements using synchrotron radiation

The feasibility of performing x-ray fluorescence trace element determinations at concentrations substantially below the ppM level for biological materials is demonstrated. Conditions for achieving optimum sensitivity were ascertained. Results achieved for five standard reference materials were, in most cases, in excellent agreement with listed values. Minimum detectable limits of 20 ppM were measured for most elements.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Giauque, R. D.; Jaklevic, J. M. & Thompson, A. C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Birdcage neutron coincidence counter manual (open access)

Birdcage neutron coincidence counter manual

A thermal neutron coincidence counter has been constructed for the assay of fast critical assembly fuel plates stored in birdcages. Standard coincidence counting electronics are used. This manual describes the birdcage, the measurement system, and its performance characteristics. 3 refs.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Krick, M. S.; Menlove, H. O. & Ramalho, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code for stellarator transport (open access)

Bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code for stellarator transport

A computer code for solving the bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck equation appropriate to stellarator transport has been developed, and its first applications made. The code is much faster than the bounce-averaged Monte-Carlo codes, which up to now have provided the most efficient numerical means for studying stellarator transport. Moreover, because the connection to analytic kinetic theory of the Fokker-Planck approach is more direct than for the Monte-Carlo approach, a comparison of theory and numerical experiment is now possible at a considerably more detailed level than previously.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Mynick, H.E. & Hitchon, W.N.G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Brightness, coherence, and propagation characteristics of synchrotron radiation (open access)

Brightness, coherence, and propagation characteristics of synchrotron radiation

A formalism is presented by means of which the propagation and imaging characteristics of synchrotron radiation can be studied, taking into account the effects of diffraction, electron beam emittance, and the transverse and longitudinal extent of the source. An important quantity in this approach is the Wigner distribution of the electric fields, which can be interpreted as a phase-space distribution of photon flux, and thus can be identified with the brightness. When integrated over the angular variables, the brightness becomes the intensity distribution in the spatial variables and when integrated over the spatial variables, it becomes the intensity distribution in angular variables. The brightness so defined transforms through a general optical medium in exactly the same way as in the case of a collection of geometric rays. Finally, the brightness of different electrons adds in a simple way. Optical characteristics of various synchrotron radiation sources - bending magnets, wigglers and undulators, are analyzed using this formalism.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Kim, K. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Budget Deficits: Causes, Effects and Some Remedial Options (open access)

Budget Deficits: Causes, Effects and Some Remedial Options

In 1981 Congress enacted extensive changes in taxing and spending policies that supporters of these changes expected to generate sufficient revenues, despite a series of tax rate cuts, to balance the budget by FY84. After the onset of recession in early 1982, however, the Reagan Administration's projections showed widening budget deficits, which culminated in an actual FY83 deficit of $195.4 billion. Despite enactment of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, and, more recently, the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, large deficits are expected to persist, even under continued favorable economic conditions, unless Federal taxing and spending policies are altered dramatically.
Date: July 15, 1985
Creator: Grinnell, David & Cox, William
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Case for and Against an Import Surcharge (open access)

The Case for and Against an Import Surcharge

The United States is now running a deficit of over $100 billion in its foreign trade and the Federal budget is in the red by roughly $200 billion. To deal with these two deficits, Congress is considering a temporary import surcharge. This brief examines the case for and against such a surcharge as well as its use against Japan.
Date: July 12, 1985
Creator: Reifman, Alfred
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characteristics Of The High Performance Real Estate Salesperson (open access)

Characteristics Of The High Performance Real Estate Salesperson

A report on the characteristics of high performance real estate salespeople.
Date: July 1985
Creator: Texas A & M University. Real Estate Center.
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
Characterization of cell suspensions from solid tumors (open access)

Characterization of cell suspensions from solid tumors

The desirable features of cells in suspension will necessarily be dependent upon the use for which the cells were prepared. Adequate cell yield or recovery is defined by the measurement to be performed. Retention of cellular morphology is important for microscopic identification of cell types in a heterogenous cell suspension, and may be used to determine whether the cells in suspension are representative of those in the tumor in situ. Different dispersal protocols may yield cells with different degrees of clonogenicity, as well as altered biochemical features, such as loss of cellular proteins, surface antigens, nucleotide pools, etc. The quality of the cell suspension can be judged by the degree of cell clumping and level of cellular debris, both of which impact on flow cytometric measurements and studies in which the number of cells be known accurately. Finally, if the data measured on the cells in suspension are to be extrapolated to phenomena occurring in the tumor in situ, it is desirable that the cells in suspension are representative of those in the solid tumor in vivo. This report compares characteristics of tumor cell suspensions obtained by different types of selected disaggregation methods. 33 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs.
Date: July 10, 1985
Creator: Pallavicini, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemical kinetics modeling of the influence of molecular structure on shock tube ignition delay (open access)

Chemical kinetics modeling of the influence of molecular structure on shock tube ignition delay

The current capabilities of kinetic modeling of hydrocarbon oxidation in shock waves are discussed. The influence of molecular size and structure on ignition delay times are stressed. The n-paraffin fuels from CH/sub 4/ to n-C/sub 5/H/sub 12/ are examined under shock tube conditions, as well as the branched chain fuel isobutane, and the computed results are compared with available experimental data. The modeling results show that it is important in the reaction mechanism to distinguish between abstraction of primary, secondary and tertiary H atom sites from the fuel molecule. This is due to the fact that both the rates and the product distributions of the subsequent alkyl radical decomposition reactions depend on which H atoms were abstracted. Applications of the reaction mechanisms to shock tube problems and to other practical problems such as engine knock are discussed.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Westbrook, C.K. & Pitz, W.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clearance of Tc-99m DTPA Aerosol from Coal Miners' Lungs (open access)

Clearance of Tc-99m DTPA Aerosol from Coal Miners' Lungs

Alterations in regional epithelial permeability were assessed in 22 retired West Virginia coal miners' lungs by measuring the clearance of inhaled 0.5-..mu..m Tc-99m DTPA aerosol. Activity was measured in both lungs and in regions of interest placed over the lung periphery in the apical, middle, and basal portions of each lung. Clearance rates (T/sub 1/2/) for 5 nonsmokers, 8 ex-smokers, and 9 smokers were significantly faster than for comparable subjects measured elsewhere, who were not coal miners. Regional apex-to-base distributions of DTPA were measured as a function of clearance time and compared with regional ventilation and perfusion. Regional, as well as overall lung clearance curves of 8 smokers and 4 ex-smokers had two components, with overall T/sub 1/2/ of <7 min for the faster one. No correlations were found between T/sub 1/2/ and DLCO or with P(A-a)O/sub 2/. The results of our study suggest that measurement of DTPA clearance is a potentially useful noninvasive technique to assess lung injury in miners exposed to coal dust. 14 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Susskind, H.; Brill, A. B. & Harold, W. H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Collection and analysis of geothermal gases (open access)

Collection and analysis of geothermal gases

Rapid, reliable procedures are described for the collection and analysis of geothermal gases at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Gases covered are H/sub 2/, He, Ar, O/sub 2/, N/sub 2/, CH/sub 4/, C/sub 2/H/sub 6/, CO/sub 2/, and H/sub 2/S. The methods outlined are suitable for geothermal exploration. 8 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Shevenell, L.; Goff, F.; Gritzo, L. & Trujillo, P. E., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Commercial LFCM vitrification technology. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1984 (open access)

Commercial LFCM vitrification technology. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1984

This report is the first in a series of quarterly reports compiled by the Nuclear Waste Treatment Program Office at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to document progress on commercial liquid-fed ceramic melter (LFCM) vitrification technology. Progress in the following technical subject areas during the first quarter of FY 1985 is discussed: pretreatment systems, melting process chemistry, glass development and characterization, feed preparation and transfer systems, melter systems, canister filling and handling systems, off-gas systems, process/product modeling and control, and supporting studies. 33 figs., 12 tabs.
Date: July 1, 1985
Creator: Burkholder, H. C. & Jarrett, J. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library