This report describes the conceptual design of a materials accounting system for the feed preparation and chemical separations processes of a fast breeder reactor spent-fuel reprocessing facility. For the proposed accounting system, optimization techniques are used to calculate instrument measurement uncertainties that meet four different accounting performance goals while minimizing the total development cost of instrument systems. We identify instruments that require development to meet performance goals and measurement uncertainty components that dominate the materials balance variance. Materials accounting in the feed preparation process is complicated by large in-process inventories and spent-fuel assembly inputs that are difficult to measure. To meet 8 kg of plutonium abrupt and 40 kg of plutonium protracted loss-detection goals, materials accounting in the chemical separations process requires: process tank volume and concentration measurements having a precision less than or equal to 1%; accountability and plutonium sample tank volume measurements having a precision less than or equal to 0.3%, a shortterm correlated error less than or equal to 0.04%, and a long-term correlated error less than or equal to 0.04%; and accountability and plutonium sample tank concentration measurements having a precision less than or equal to 0.4%, a short-term correlated error less than or equal to …

Theoretical motivations are reviewed for investigation of multilayer relaxation in relatively simple metallic surfaces. Results from LEED analyses are presented which serve to demonstrate that multilayer relaxation measurably exists in Cu(100) and Cu(110) surfaces. The results from two independent LEED analyses for Cu(110) are shown to be in much better agreement with each other than the LEED results are with multilayer relaxation results obtained by high energy ion scattering. Multilayer relaxation results for other metallic surfaces also are reviewed briefly, and all available results are discussed in relationship to those obtained by a theoretical, model-type, inquiry of Landman, Hill and Mostoller.

This paper is divided into two sections: the first is a discussion of the interactions of neutral beams with confined plasmas, the second is concerned with the production and diagnosis of the neutral beams. In general we are dealing with atoms, molecules, and ions of the isotopes of hydrogen, but some heavier elements (for example, oxygen) will be mentioned. The emphasis will be on single-particle collisions; selected atomic processes on surfaces will be included.

Measurements are presented of R, the ratio of the total hadronic cross section to the cross section for mu pair production, and of the inclusive charged particle momentum distribution so sigma/dx for e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at center of mass energies of 5.2, 6.5, and 29.0 GeV. The ratio R is found to be approximately 3.9, consistent with quark-parton model expectations, at each of the three energies with an estimated systematic uncertainty of 6%. The inclusive cross sections show significant deviation from the scaling behavior predicted by the quark-parton model.

Fast-neutron total cross sections of /sup 103/Rh are measured with 30 to 50 keV resolutions from 0.7 to 4.5 MeV. Differential elastic- and inelastic-scattering cross sections are measured from 1.45 to 3.85 MeV. Scattered-neutron groups corresponding to excited levels at 334 +- 13, 536 +- 7, 648 +- 25, 796 +- 20, 864 +- 22, 1120 +- 22, 1279 +- 50, 1481 +- 27, 1683 +- 39, 1840 +- 79, 1991 +- 71 and 2050 (tentative) keV are observed. An optical-statistical model is derived from the elastic-scattering results. The experimental values are compared with comparable quantities given in the ENDF/B-V evaluation.

Refractories used in coal gasifiers at high temperatures are subject to severe corrosion by coal-ash slags. Equilibrium relations are being determined for a number of oxide combination of simplified coal-ash slags, mainly in the system CaO-FeO-A1/sub 2/O/sub 3/-SiO/sub 2/, with refractory oxides (MgO, A1/sub 2/O/sub 3/,Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/) as additional components. Special attention is directed toward chromium oxide-containing phases (mainly A1/sub 2/O/sub 3/-Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ solid solutions and various spinel phases involing Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/ as a component), and toward determining the role of iron oxide in reactions involving such phases with coal-ash slags. The equilibrium relations in systems involving Fe and Cr are dependent on the oxygen potential. The present studies, therefore, are carried out under carefully controlled atmospheric conditions. Most of the runs are made under the relatively reducing conditions of CO/sub 2/-H/sub 2/ atmosphere of ratio CO/sub 2//H/sub 2/=10/1, while additional runs are being made in CO/sub 2/-H/sub 2/ atmospheres of other CO/sub 2//H/sub 2/ ratios, in pure CO/sub 2/, in O/sub 2/-N/sub 2/ atmospheres, in air, or in Ar atmosphere in the presence of metallic Cr.

Neutron differential-elastic-scattering cross sections of elemental cadmium are measured from approx. = 1.5 to 4.0 MeV at incident-neutron energy intervals of 50 to 200 keV and at 10 to 20 scattering angles distributed between approx. = 20 and 160 degrees. Concurrently, lumped-level neutron inelastic-excitation cross sections are measured. The experimental results are used to deduce parameters of an optical-statistical model that is descriptive of the observables and are compared with corresponding quantities given in ENDF/B-V.

The suitability of selected solidification media for application in the disposal of low-level oil and other organic liquid wastes has been investigated. In the past, these low-level wastes (LLWs) have commonly been immobilized by sorption onto solid absorbents such as vermiculite or diatomaceous earth. Evolving regulations regarding the disposal of these materials encourage solidification. Solidification media which were studied include Portland type I cement; vermiculite plus Portland type I cement; Nuclear Technology Corporation's Nutek 380-cement process; emulsifier, Portland type I cement-sodium silicate; Delaware Custom Materiel's cement process; and the US Gypsum Company's Envirostone process. Waste forms have been evaluated as to their ability to reliably produce free standing monolithic solids which are homogeneous (macroscopically), contain < 1% free standing liquids by volume and pass a water immersion test. Solidified waste form specimens were also subjected to vibratory shock testing and flame testing. Simulated oil wastes can be solidified to acceptable solid specimens having volumetric waste loadings of less than 40 volume-%. However, simulated organic liquid wastes could not be solidified into acceptable waste forms above a volumetric loading factor of about 10 volume-% using the solidification agents studied.

In this paper we describe the calibration of a photometer designed to measure the cosmic microwave background radiation in the frequency range from 3 to 10 cm/sup -1/. The general problem of absolute calibration for such measurements is discussed. The design of a new experiment which is different in most important respects from the Woody-Richards experimentis then presented. A mathematical model of the calibration procedure is developed which includes an analysis of ways in which the procedure can fail to give accurate results.

We report on the distributions of charged particles produced in association with high p/sub T/ prompt photons and neutral pions in pp collisions at ..sqrt.. s = 63 GeV and theta = 90/sup 0/ in the centre of mass. We find photons to be relatively unaccompained by other particles at small angles with respect to the photon, and thereby extract a measurement of the fraction of prompt photons due to bremsstrahlung production. The relative density of positive to negative particles in the system recoiling from the photon has been measured and compared with QCD motivated calculations.

The ability to disassemble an irradiated Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) Driver Fuel Assembly (DFA) is important both to the continued operation of the FFTF and the future of the Breeder Reactor Program. At the FFTF, DFA's with up to three (3)* kilowatts of decay heat will be placed in the Interim Examination and Maintenance (IEM) Cell for disassembly and nondestructive examination. This process includes sodium removal, duct measurement, duct cutting and pulling, fuel pin removal, and component disposition to other laboratories for destructive examination.

This document covers all of the safety issues relating to the design and operation of the storage rings and injection system of the National Synchrotron Light Source. The building systems for fire protection, access and egress are described together with air and other gaseous control or venting systems. Details of shielding against prompt bremstrahlung radiation and synchrotron radiation are described and the administrative requirements to be satisfied for operation of a beam line at the facility are given.

Several analytical and numerical studies that address injection and thermal breakthrough in fractured geothermal reservoirs are described. The results show that excellent thermal sweeps can be achieved in fractured reservoirs, and that premature cold water breakthrough can be avoided if the injection wells are appropriately located.

LNG storage tank design and response to selected release scenarios were reviewed. The selection of the scenarios was based on an investigation of potential hazards as cited in the literature. A review of the structure of specific LNG storage facilities is given. Scenarios initially addressed included those that most likely emerge from the tank facility itself: conditions of overfill and overflow as related to liquid LNG content levels; over/underpressurization at respective tank vapor pressure boundaries; subsidence of bearing soil below tank foundations; and crack propagation in tank walls due to possible exposure of structural material to cryogenic temperatures. Additional scenarios addressed include those that result from external events: tornado induced winds and pressure drops; exterior tank missile impact with tornado winds and rotating machinery being the investigated mode of generation; thermal response due to adjacent fire conditions; and tank response due to intense seismic activity. Applicability of each scenario depended heavily on the specific tank configurations and material types selected. (PSB)

From a technical point of view a linear collider of high energy and luminosity cannot be operated economically at the present date. A series of R and D efforts in different areas are required to produce the necessary technology for an economically feasible linear collider. No fundamental limits, however, have been found as yet that would prevent us from reaching the goals outlined in this report. Most of the critical component will be tested in a real like situation once the SLC comes into operation. Beyond that much R and D is required in rf-power sources to reduce the power consumption and in high gradient accelerating structures to minimize the required real estate and linear construction costs.

We have formulated a nonperturbative, microscopic dissipative process in the limit of an infinite mean free path which does not require any statistical assumptions. It attributes the damping of the collective motion to real transitions from the collective state to degenerate, more complicated nucelar states. The dissipation is described through wave packets which solve an approximate Schroedinger equation within extended subspaces, larger than the original subspace of the undamped motion. When the simple RPA is used, this process associates the dissipation with the escape width for direct particle emission. When the Second RPA is used, it associates the dissipation with the spreading width for transitions to the 2p-2h components of the nuclear compound states. The energy loss rate for sharp n-phonon initial states is proportional to the total collective energy. The classical dissipation, however, is obtained for coherent, multiphonon, initial packets which describe the damping of the mean field oscillations, and allow a theoretical connection with the Vibrating Potential Model, and thereby with models of one-body dissipation. The present model contrasts with linear response theories. Canonical coordinates for the collective degree of freedom are explicitly introduced. This allows the construction of a nonlinear frictional Hamiltonian which provides a connection with …

The status of ongoing structural materials programs being conducted in the US to support development and deployment of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) is described. While the total US program includes work in support of all variants of this reactor system, the emphasis of this paper is on the work aimed at support of the steam cycle/cogeneration (SC/C) version of the HTGR. Work described includes activities to develop design and performance prediction data on metals, ceramics, and graphite.

We have measured the high mass (M > 4 GeV/c/sup 2/) dimuons produced in anti-proton-nucleon and pi minus-nucleon interactions. Preliminary differential cross sections are presented as a function of pair mass, x/suf F/, p/sub T/, and ..sqrt.. tau. Comparisons of these cross sections with the predictions of the Drell-Yan model are discussed and preliminary values for the K factor for the anti p and ..pi../sup -/ induced reactions are reported.

Separate abstracts were prepared for the seventeen papers in this proceedings.

Theoretical studies on mode specificity in unimolecular reaction dynamics are presented, based on essentially exact quantum mechanical methods, a semi-classical multichannel branching model, and classical trajectory methods. The principal aim is to discover the relevant factors governing whether a unimolecular system exhibits mode specificity in its individual state rate constants, i.e., whether quasi-degenerate metastable states decay with significantly different rates. Model studies of two nonlinearly coupled oscillators (one of which can dissociate) demonstrate the effects of various features of potential energy surfaces on the character of the rates (e.g., degeneracy of modes, reaction path curvature, frequency modulation, etc.). These results and those obtained for the Henon-Heiles potential energy surface indicate and apparent absence of correlation between the quasi-periodic/ergodic motion of classical mechanics and the mode specific/statistical behavior of the unimolecular rate constants.

For an electron storage ring the beam size evaluation including beam-beam interaction gives an example of such a problem. Another good example is finding the beam size for a nonlinear machine. The present work gives a way to solve some of these problems, at least in principle. The approach described here is an application of the well known Green's function method, which in this case is applied to the Fokker-Planck equation governing the distribution function in the phase space of particle motion. The new step made in this paper is to consider the particle motion in two degrees of freedom rather than in one dimension, a characteristic of all the previous work. This step seems to be necessary for an adequate description of the problem, at least for the class of problems which are considered below. This work consists of the formal solution of the Fokker-Planck equation in terms of its Green's function and describing the Green's function itself. The Green's function and the description of some of its properties can be found in the Appendices. I discuss the distribution function in the transverse phase space of a particle and it's Fokker-Planck equation for a simple case of a weak …

Small-angle x-ray scattering was used to study the average pore size in glass-like carbon as a function of both heat-treatment time and heat-treatment temperature. A pore-growth model based on graphitization processes is presented. The simple mechanism shows that the change in the average radius of gyration with time is related to the total number of pores as a function of time, which in turn depends on the irreversible thermal-expansion phenomenon. The results of this study are inconsistent with a vacancy-migration pore-growth mechanism proposed earlier.

The quantum microfield distribution is defined for the electron electric field distribution in a grand canonical ensemble. The definition is general, allowing for description of the distribution at a charged or neutral point and applies for the electron Coulomb field (high frequency microfield) or shielded field (low frequency microfield). By analogy with the Baranger-Mozer cluster expansion for the classical case a cluster expansion for the microfield distribution is defined. The cluster series is resummed to closed form for the case of no interactions, to define a quantum Holtsmark distribution. In this way the problem is reduced to a one-electron calculation. The usual classical result is verified in the limit of z much less than 1; the large and small field behavior is determined for arbitrary degeneracy.

The kinetics of quartz dissolution control the produced fluid dissolved silica concentration in geothermal systems in which the downhole residence time is finite. The produced fluid of the Phase I, Run Segment 5 experimental Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal system at Fenton Hill, NM, was undersaturated with respect to quartz in one pass through the reservoir, suggesting that the rate of granite dissolution governed the outlet dissolved silica concentration in this system. The literature data for the rate of quartz dissolution in water from 65 to 625/sup 0/C is correlated using an empirical rate law which is first order in quartz surface area and degree of undersaturation of the fluid. The Arrhenius plot (ln k vs T/sup -1/) is linear over eight orders of magnitude of the rate constant, verifying the validity of the proposed rate expression. Carefully performed quartz dissolution experiments in the present study duplicated the literature data and completed the data base in the temperature range from 150 to 250/sup 0/C. Identical experiments using crushed granite indicate that the rate of quartz dissolution in the presence of granite could be as much as 1 to 2 orders of magnitude faster than the rates observed in the pure …