Various biochemical effects of radiation have been studied in 10 patients given total body x-ray in total doses of 75 to 310 r (skin), in 5 patients given 20 to 36 mc. P{sup 32}, and in 5 project personnel accidentally exposed to excessive doses of external radiations. Similar studies have also been made of several hundred Plutonium Project personnel exposed in most instances to relatively small amounts of uranium, lead and other metals, and to chemicals and radioactive sources. These studies included the investigation of liver function, of white blood cell chemistry, and of various urinary constituents such as coproporphyrin, urorosein and other pigments, urobilinogen, ``corticosteroid-like`` substances, catalase, and uranium. Definitely excessive exposures resulted in various abnormalities in the above tests. With the exception of urinary uranium analysis none of them are specific in indicating overexposure to either radiation, metals, or chemicals. When interpreted in the light of the exposure and medical history, however, it is felt that they may aid in the clinical interpretation of relatively marked overexposure at least. In addition, they may afford further insight into the nature of radiation effects. The literature on the biochemical effects of radiation is reviewed briefly, and certain suggestions are offered …

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