The European Parliament (open access)

The European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is one of the three key institutions of the European Union (EU), and the only EU institution whose members are directly elected. This report discusses the construction and history of the EP, its role in functions of the EU as well as internationally, various international supports and criticisms of the EP, and the EP's ties with the U.S. Congress.
Date: July 22, 2009
Creator: Archick, Kristin & Mix, Derek E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. Monday, July 19, 1943 : week of July 8 to July 15, 201st week of the war, 83rd week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts: Sicily, Air offensive, Russia, New Georgia, New Guinea, Aleutians, Submarines. Includes list of senior commanders in the Invasion of Italy. Maps: New Georgia Islands; American 7th army positions in Licata and Vittoria Italy. Inset map: Italy and surrounding islands. Illustration: Landing on the underside [Allied air attack on ships unloading military cargo on the beaches of Southern Sicily]. Back: Text and color illustrations include various methods of enemy gas applications.
Date: July 19, 1943
Creator: [United States.] Army Orientation Course.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism (open access)

U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism

This report examines the evolution of counterterrorism cooperation between the United States and the European Union (EU), particularly since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. It includes a discussion of U.S.-EU cooperation progress and ongoing challenges, as well as perspectives and issues for Congress.
Date: July 18, 2011
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (open access)

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

This report provides a background of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) financial crisis and the issues for Congress.
Date: July 27, 2012
Creator: Jackson, James K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 251st week of the war, 133rd week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts: France, Eastern front, Italy, Air war, Southeast Asia, China, Saipan, Pacific, Southwest Pacific. Maps: Finland, North Burma, France, Eastern front. Back: Text and color illustrations explain the importance of teamwork, preparation, and support in combined or amphibious operations.
Date: July 3, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 252nd week of the war, 134th week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts : France, Eastern front, Italy, Marianas, Southwest Pacific, Southeast Asia, China. Map insets: Bay of the Seine, southeastern Asia, central Italy, Poland-USSR border. Back: Map of the Po Valley, Italy.
Date: July 10, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 253rd week of the war, 135th week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts : France, Italy, Eastern front, Pacific, China, Japan. Maps: American-controlled areas around Geelvink Bay; Military actions in the south Pacific Ocean; Guam ; Europe. Inset map: Dutch New Guinea Back: Map of Japan and adjacent regions includes glossary of Japanese geographic terms and suffixes..
Date: July 17, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 254th week of the war, 136th week of U.S. participation.

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts. Maps display the Normandy front, the eastern front, and New Guinea. Back: "Saipan! within the inner defenses." Includes 9 photographs.
Date: July 24, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 255th week of the war, 137th week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts : Eastern front, France, Italy, Marianas, Southwest Pacific. Maps: northern Italy; Pacific Ocean; Guam, Rota, Tinian, Saipan. Photographs: flight deck of aircraft carrier, unloading of LST, German submarine pen, weapons left during Lt. Gen. Stilwell's retreat. Back: Map of Europe as viewed from the Soviet Union. Scale [ca. 1:7,000,000] 1 map : col. ; 77 x 116 cm.
Date: July 31, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. Monday, July 26, 1943 : week of July 15 to July 22, 202nd week of the war, 84th week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts: Sicily, Rome, Russia, New Guinea, Solomons, Paramushiru. Maps: Rome, Sicily, North Pacific Ocean. Inset maps: Italy and surrounding islands, Paramushiru. Photographs: Central railroad station and San Lorenzo yards in Rome; Escort Carrier B; Depth bomb bounces off side of submarine as another bomb drops into the water; Submarine sinks within 28 minutes; Junkers-52 Transport is reused as an office for an advanced U.S. Army Air Force Base. Back: map of the Pacific and Far East.
Date: July 26, 1943
Creator: [United States.] Army Orientation Course.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library
Survey of Fallout Operations (open access)

Survey of Fallout Operations

From Abstract: "The Laboratory has made a survey of fallout operations in the various countries of the world. The source of information has largely been the reports submitted to UNSCEAR forwarding data for their consideration. The abstracts are given in order of type of operation as shown in the table of contents."
Date: July 1, 1962
Creator: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Health and Safety Laboratory.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
European Union Englargement (open access)

European Union Englargement

The European Union (EU) views the enlargement process as a historic opportunity to promote stability and prosperity in Europe. Although the EU maintains that the enlargement door remains open, "enlargement fatigue" has become a serious issue in Europe and some experts believe that EU enlargement may be reaching its limits. The status of EU enlargement is one of many transatlantic issues likely to be of interest to the second session of the 110th Congress. This report lists the various nations admitted to the European Union within the past several years and analyzes the enlargement issue in general.
Date: July 3, 2008
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The European Union: Questions and Answers (open access)

The European Union: Questions and Answers

This report describes the European Union (EU), its evolution, governing institutions, trade policy, and efforts to forge common foreign and defense policies. The report also addresses the EU-U.S. and EU-NATO relationships, which may be of interest to the second session of the 110th Congress. It will be updated as events warrant. For more information, see CRS Report RS21344, European Union Enlargement, by Kristin Archick, and CRS Report RL34381, European Union-U.S. Trade and Investment Relations: Key Issues, coordinated by Raymond Ahearn.
Date: July 3, 2008
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The European Union's Reform Process: The Lisbon Treaty (open access)

The European Union's Reform Process: The Lisbon Treaty

In December 2007, leaders of the European Union (EU) signed the Lisbon Treaty, which seeks to reform the EU's governing institutions and decisionmaking processes to enable a larger EU to operate more effectively. This new treaty represents the latest stage in a reform process begun in 2002 and essentially replaces the proposed EU "constitution" that foundered after French and Dutch voters rejected it in referendums in 2005. In June 2008, Irish voters rejected the Lisbon Treaty, and have thrown its future into doubt. This report provides background information on EU reform efforts and possible implications for U.S.-EU relations that may be of interest in the second session of the 110th Congress.
Date: July 3, 2008
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The European Parliament (open access)

The European Parliament

The 785-member, directly elected European Parliament (EP) is a key institution of the 27-member European Union (EU). Once limited to being a consultative assembly, the EP has accumulated more power over time. Currently, it plays a role in the EU's legislative and budgeting processes, and exercises general supervision over other EU bodies. Ties between the EP and the U.S. Congress are long-standing, and EPCongressional exchanges are expected to continue in the second session of the 110th Congress.
Date: July 3, 2008
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Agriculture Support Mechanisms in the European Union: A Comparison with the United States (open access)

Agriculture Support Mechanisms in the European Union: A Comparison with the United States

The European Union (EU), comprised of 15 member states (countries), is one of the United States’ chief agricultural trading partners and also a major competitor in world markets. Both heavily support their agricultural sectors, with a large share of such support concentrated on wheat, feed grains, cotton, oilseeds, sugar, dairy, and tobacco. However, the EU provides more extensive support to a broader range of farm and food products. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the EU and United States in 2001 together accounted for nearly two-thirds of all government support to agriculture among the major developed economies. However, EU agricultural spending generally is much higher than in the United States. Information comparing how the U.S. and EU governments support their producers is expected to be of interest to policymakers while negotiations are underway among world trading partners to further reform agricultural trade.
Date: July 31, 2002
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change: The European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) (open access)

Climate Change: The European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS)

The European Union’s (EU’s) Emissions Trading System (ETS) is a cornerstone of the EU’s efforts to meet its obligation under the Kyoto Protocol. It covers more than 11,500 energy intensive facilities across the 25 EU member countries, including oil refineries, power plants over 20 megawatts (MW) in capacity, coke ovens, and iron and steel plants, along with cement, glass, lime, brick, ceramics, and pulp and paper installations. Covered entities emit about 45% of the EU’s carbon dioxide emissions. The trading program does not cover emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, which account for about 20% of the EU’s total greenhouse gas emissions. A final consideration for the ETS is its suitability for directing long-term investment toward a low-carbon future — the ultimate goal of any climate change program.
Date: July 31, 2006
Creator: Parker, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library