We have successfully conducted a series of experiments involving scattering of high energy pions and protons from a target containing polarized protons. Results of some of these experiments were reported at this conference, and in the literature. Proton polarizations as high as 65% have been measured; the average polarization during sustained data-taking has been typically 45%.

The strain degradation of critical current density has been analytically and experimentally investigated for multifilamentary superconducting composites produced in a bronze core geometry. Analytic results were obtained from a computer program (MAXIMSUPER) which predicts the stresses and strains in composites as a result of thermal and axial loading. Tensile test data for Nb/sub 3/Sn are described. It is believed that the strain dependence of the critical current found in Nb/sub 3/Sn is due to strain enhanced martensitic transformation.

Four features of the thermal control plans for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) magnet are described. First, the proposed cooldown and warmup schedules for MFTF and the procedure for regenerating external cooling surfaces is outlined. Then the design of an external quench resistor, based on an estimate of the superconductor's maximum temperature, is discussed. A computer model of liquid helium circulation used to aid in choosing pipe for the LHe lines is explained.

Studies of laminar shocks based on ISEE observations of terrestrial bow shocks, simulation, and theory are presented.

We will describe our optical laser pumped xuv Laser Program. To date, we have concentrated our efforts on exploding foil amplifier designs using Ne-like n=3p to 3s inversion schemes. We will describe our latest modeling results as well as measurements which demonstrate output power near the 1 MW level at 206 and 209 A and lasing at wavelengths as short as 106 A.

The emittance of the beams in both high energy, electron-positron colliders and synchrotron light sources is limited by collective beam interactions with the structure of the damping (or storage) rings. A novel linear damper offers the possibility of reducing the emittance by another factor of a few. The underlying physical principle is that high energy, high current, low emittance beams can emit copious hard gammas as synchrotron radiation and cool in the presence of megagauss magnetic fields. These fields can be provided by the beam itself in the presence of a low density gas.

The principal source of negative ion generation in hydrogen discharges is now recognized to be low-energy electron attachment to H/sub 2/(/nu//prime//prime/) molecules excited to the middle portion of the vibrational spectrum. Electron excitation processes are generally taken to be the principal source of H/sub 2/(/nu//prime//prime/) generation, with high-energy excitations through the singlet spectrum being the principal excitation process populating the active portion of the vibrational spectrum. A description of the collisional re-excitation from level /nu//prime//prime/, to level /nu//prime//prime/, requires 15 /times/ 15 matrix of cross sections linking all initial and final levels. These cross sections have been evaluated and incorporated into the modelling code. An additional source of vibrational excitation may be derived from recombination of H/sub 2//sup +/ and H/sub 3//sup +/ ions on the surfaces of the discharge. In this case the molecular ions will impinge with kinetic energies given by the plasma potential, 1--10 eV. In this paper we report the evaluation of H/sub 2/(/nu//prime//prime/) resulting from the surface recombination process. The use of low-work-function materials for the discharge surfaces makes possible two additional source of negative ions: the direct formation of negative ions by hydrogen atoms rebounding from the surface, and the dissociation of H/sub 2//sup …

Operation of RHIC with two beams of highly polarized protons (70%, either longitudinal or transverse) at high luminosity ???? = 2 {circ} 10{sup 32} cm{sup -2} sec{sup -1} for two months/year will allow high statistics studies of polarization phenomena in the perturbative region of hard scattering where both QCD and ElectroWeak theory make detailed predictions for polarization effects. The collision c.m energy, {radical}s = 200 - 500 GeV, represents a new domain for the study of spin. Direct photon production win be used to measure the gluon polarization in the polarized proton. A new twist comes from W-boson production which is expected to be 100% parity violating and will thus allow measurements of flavor separated quark and antiquark (u, u, d, d) polarization distributions. Searches for parity violation in strong interaction processes such as jet and leading particle production will be a sensitive way to look for new physics beyond the standard model, one possibility being quark substructure.

This presentation briefly outlines a cleanup program at a Rocky Flats site through viewgraphs and an executive summary. Exposure pathway analyses to be performed are identified, and decontamination levels are listed for open space and office worker exposure areas. The executive summary very briefly describes the technical approach, RESRAD computer code to be used for analyses, recommendations for exposure levels, and application of action levels to multiple radionuclide contamination. Determination of action levels for surface and subsurface soils, based on radiation doses, is discussed. 1 tab.

The objective of this paper is to establish the fundamental limits on the minimum electrical energy consumption that will be required to implement true chemical reduction of NOx by the plasma alone. The effect of background gas composition particularly the oxygen content on the completion between the reduction and oxidation processes will be discussed. The effect of the electron kinetic energy distribution on the radical production and subsequent chemistry will also be discussed.

Ground truth information (i.e. precise information about the hypocenter and origin time of aseismic event) is difficult to obtain in the Middle East and North Africa region. One source of ground truth we are attempting to exploit is data from local seismic networks. An electronic bulletin from the second phase of the Joint Seismic Observation Period (JSOP), with participating countries in the eastern Mediterranean region, provides a source of local network data not ordinarily available. I have used JSOP bulletin data for the period January 1996 through June 1996 to relocate over 100 earthquakes occurring in and around the Gulf of Aqaba. Fourteen of these earthquakes have picks in the bulletin for stations surrounding the Gulf (Egypt Saudi Arabia, Israel,and Jordan). The rest of the data involves picks for stations either in Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia (east side and north of the Gulf) or for stations in Israel, Jordan, and Egypt (west side and north of the Gulf). The VELEST code (Joint Hypocenter Determination method) was used to calculate improved locations (over what can be obtained from single event determinations--SED with poor station configurations) for the all the earthquakes in the data set. Location differences between the JHD solution …

The objective of this paper is to determine the effects of electron beam pulse parameters on the utilization of the reactive free radicals for removal of NO{sub x} from diesel generator exhaust. A dose per pulse less than 1 kGy has been determined to be optimum for effective radical utilization. During each post-pulse period, the radicals are utilized in the removal of NO{sub x} in a timescale of around 100 microseconds; thus, with pulse frequencies of around 10 kHz or less, the radical concentrations remain sufficiently low to prevent any significant competition between radical-pollutant and radical-radical reactions. It is shown that a pulsed electron beam reactor, operating with a dose per pulse of less than 1 kGy/pulse and pulse repetition rate of less than 10 kHz, will have the same plasma chemistry efficiency (parts per million of removed NO{sub x} per kGy of electron beam dose) as an electron beam reactor operating with a low dose rate of 50 kGy/s in continuous mode. Ozone accumulation is a limiting factor under high pulse frequency conditions. The total dose requirement determines the optimum combination of dose per pulse and pulse frequency for both radical utilization and prevention of ozone buildup.

Laser ablation has been evaluated as a surface pretreatment prior to adhesive bonding. In prior experimental work, it was observed that when adhesively bonded, composite, single lap shear samples fail, the fracture often occurs at either the adhesive/adherend interface or in the resin rich surface layer of the composite. These two areas represent the weakest portion of the joint. Laser ablation pretreatment generates areas where the resin on the composite surface is selectively removed leaving behind exposed reinforcing fibers which are the major load bearing members of the composite. In a subsequent adhesive bonding operation, this allows portions of the fibers to be encapsulated in the adhesive while other portions of the fiber remain in the composite resin. This type of pretreatment permits fibers to bridge and reinforce the interface between adhesive and adherend. A secondary benefit is the removal of surface contaminantes by pyrolysis. Microscopic observation of laser ablated surfaces indicates a prominent, fiber rich area. Results of the mechanical evaluation indicated that the lap shear strength for laser ablated samples was significantly higher than specimens with no pretreatment or with solvent cleaning only, but were slightly lower than specimens that were mechanically roughened and cleaned with solvents prior …

Automobiles of the future will be forced to travel fi.uther on a tank of fuel while discharging lower levels of pollutants. Currently, the United States uses in excess of 16.4 million barrels of petroleum per day. Sixty-six percent of that petroleum is used in the transportation of people and goods. Automobiles currently account for just under two-thirds of the nation's gasoline consumptio~ and about one-third of the total United States energy usage. [1] By improving transportation related fiel efficiency, the United States can lessen the impact that emissions have on our environment and provide a cleaner environment for fiture generations. In 1992, The Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Transportation Materials completed a comprehensive program plan entitled, The Lightweight MateriaIs (LWko Multi-Year Program Plan, for the development of technologies aimed at reducing vehicle mass [2]. This plan was followed in 1997 by the more comprehensive Office of Advanced Automotive Technologies research and development plan titled, Energy Eficient Vehicles for a Cleaner Environment [3] which outlines the department's plans for developing more efficient vehicles during the next ~een years. Both plans identi~ potential applications, technology needs, and R&D priorities. The goal of the Lightweight Materials Program is to develop materials and …

A number of studies in the recent past have identified Laser Induced Incandescence (LII) as a versatile technique for in-flame measurement of soot concentrations. Recently, a number of researchers have focused their attention in adapting this technique to measure particulate in diesel exhausts. However the agreement with established physical sampling techniques, such as the EPA recommended filter paper collection method, was found to be less than ideal. This paper reports the efforts to adapt this technique for diesel exhaust characterization. Many of the factors affecting LII signal were identified through computer modeling. Parameters that could not be determined through such a model were determined experimentally following a parametric study. Subsequently, LII measurements were performed in the exhaust of a modified lab burner, with conditions close to that of diesel engine exhausts. Such measurements show excellent agreement with those performed using the standard filter paper collection technique.

Negotiations between technical representatives of the US and the Russian Federation in support of several pending nuclear arms and nuclear material control agreements must take account of the need for assurances against the release of sensitive information. Most of these agreements involve storing nuclear material and in some cases nuclear components from stockpile weapons in specially designed containers. Strategies for monitoring the agreements typically include measuring neutron and gamma radiation from the controlled items to verify declared attributes of plutonium or highly enriched uranium. If accurate enough to be useful, these measurements will contain information about the design of the component being monitored, information considered sensitive by one or both parties to the agreement. Safeguards have evolved to prevent disclosure of this information during inspections. These measures combine hardware, software, and procedural measures to contain the sensitive data, presenting only the results needed for verification. Custom features preserve data security and guard against disclosure in case of failure. This paper summarizes the general problem and discusses currently developing solutions for a high resolution gamma ray detection system. It argues for the simplest possible implementation of several key system components.

A 220 m long ionization cooling system consisting of three solenoids with two field-flip sections, is proposed as a cooling channel for the neutrino factory. The reduction of transverse emittance is achieved using 87 liquid hydrogen absorbers (30-40 cm long), and 87 (2 m long) 200 MHz linacs. The first flip is performed at relatively small magnetic field, B = 3 T, to keep the longitudinal motion under control. The field is then increased adiabatically up to 7 T and a second field flip performed. The cooler was studied and simulated in detail. Preceded by a 16 GeV proton driver, a carbon target, a mini-cooler and a buncher, the system provides about 0.082 muons per incident proton.

A research and development program is underway to construct superconducting cavities to be used for radiofrequency separation of a Kaon beam at Fermilab. The design calls for installation of twelve 13-cell cavities operating in the 3.9 GHz transverse mode with a deflection gradient of 5 MV/m. They present the mechanical, cryogenic and vacuum design of the cavity, cryomodule, rf power coupler, cold tuner and supporting hardware. The electromagnetic design of the cavity is presented in a companion paper by Wanzenberg and McAshan. The warm tuning system (for field flatness) and the vertical test system is presented along with test results of bench measurements and cold tests on single-cell and five-cell prototypes.

A scenario for capture, bunching and rf rotation of {mu}'s from a proton source is presented. It consists of a drift section, a variable frequency {approximately} 300 {r_arrow} 180 MHz bunching section, and a fixed (or variable) frequency ({approximately}180 MHz) {phi}-{delta}E rotation section. In 1-D and 3-D simulations (SIMUCOOL and ICOOL), the overall capture performance of the system is similar to that of induction linac + buncher scenarios developed for the neutrino factory. The total rf required for the system is quite modest. Optimization procedures are described.

Validation of Building Energy Simulation Programs consists of a combination of empirical validation, analytical verification, and comparative analysis techniques (Judkoff 1988). An analytical verification and comparative diagnostic procedure was developed to test the ability of whole-building simulation programs to model the performance of unitary space-cooling equipment that is typically modeled using manufacturer design data presented as empirically derived performance maps. Field trials of the method were conducted by researchers from nations participating in the International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) Programme Task 22, using a number of detailed hourly simulation programs from Europe and the United States, including: CA-SIS, CLIM2000, PROMETHEUS, TRNSYS-TUD, and two versions of DOE-2.1E. Analytical solutions were also developed for the test cases.

We report a new measurement of the pseudorapidity ({eta}) and transverse-energy (E{sub T}) dependence of the inclusive jet production cross section in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1:8 TeV using 95 pb{sup {minus}1} of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The differential cross section d{sup 2}{sigma}/(dE{sub T}d{eta}) is presented up to {vert_bar}{eta}{vert_bar} = 3, significantly extending previous measurements. The results are in good overall agreement with next-to-leading order predictions from QCD, indicate a preference for certain parton distribution functions, and provide the world's best constraint on the gluon distribution at high parton momentum fraction x.

An embeddable and portable Lex-based MAD language parser has been developed. The parser consists of a front-end which reads a MAD file and keeps beam elements, beam line data and algebraic expressions in tree-like structures, and a back-end, which processes the front-end data to generate an input file or data structures compatible with user applications. Three working programs are described, namely, a MAD to C++ converter, a dynamic C++ object factory and a MAD-MARS beam line builder. Design and implementation issues are discussed.

Emerging CMOS and MEMS technologies enable the implementation of a large number of wireless distributed microsensors that can be easily and rapidly deployed to form highly redundant, self-configuring, and ad hoc sensor networks. To facilitate ease of deployment, these sensors should operate on battery for extended periods of time. A particular challenge in maintaining extended battery lifetime lies in achieving communications with low power. This paper presents a direct-sequence spread-spectrum modem architecture that provides robust communications for wireless sensor networks while dissipating very low power. The modem architecture has been verified in an FPGA implementation that dissipates only 33 mW for both transmission and reception. The implementation can be easily mapped to an ASIC technology, with an estimated power performance of less than 1 mW.

We discuss both simulations as well as experimental studies of a potentially beneficial acceleration scheme in the MI for pbars from the Accumulator Ring or Recycler Ring. The scheme involves accepting the pbar bunches with 2.5 MHz rf structure from either of these two synchrotrons. re-bunching using 53 MHz rf system iso-adiabatically and accelerating using 53 MHz rf system from 8 GeV to 150 GeV. Further we try to coalesce the beam using the 2.5 MHz rf system. Various stages of rf manipulation are discussed and some improvements are also suggested.