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Analysis of Paraho oil shale products and effluents: an example of the multi-technique approach
Inorganic analysis of solid, liquid and gaseous samples from the Paraho Semiworks Retort was completed using a multitechnique approach. The data were statistically analyzed to determine both the precision of each method and to see how closely the various techniques compared. The data were also used to determine the redistribution of 31 trace and major elements in the various effluents, including the offgas for the Paraho Retort operating in the direct mode. The computed mass balances show that approximately 1% or greater fractions of the As, Co, Hg, N, Ni, S and Se are released during retorting and redistributed to the product shale oil, retort water or product offgas. The fraction for these seven elements ranged from almost 1% for Co and Ni to 50 to 60% for Hg and N. Approximately 20% of the S and 5% of the As and Se are released. The mass balance redistribution during retorting for Al, Fe, Mg, V and Zn was observed to be no greater than .05%. These redistribution figures are generally in agreement with previous mass balance studies made for a limited number of elements on laboratory or smaller scale pilot retorts. 7 tables.
Date:
June 10, 1979
Creator:
Fruchter, J. S.; Wilkerson, C. L.; Evans, J. C. & Sanders, R. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Discussion: ''toughness variations during the tempering of a plain carbon martensitic steel'' by J. E. King, R. F. Smith and J. F. Knott. Retained austenite and transgranular tempered martensite embrittlement
Discussion is presented to substantiate, clarify and reinterpret some of the results of the above authors for the existence and origin of tempered martensite embrittlement (TME) in relation to retained austenite, with reference to the experimental steels worked at LBL for the past several years.
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Rao, B.V.N. & Thomas, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State legislatures and energy policy in the Northeast: energy facility siting and legislative action
At the Federal level, a vast array of bureaucratic and legislative institutions are presently immersed in various explorations of energy policy and its national ramifications. Almost each of the 50 states has Energy offices. One element of the institutional/political equation, however, often is missed in studies of energy policy: the state legislature. This institution may well be vitally important to formulation of broad policies, and certainly is critical to successful implementation of certain aspects of those policies--especially when new enabling legislation, new tax incentives, or new regulatory powers are required. The study covers three main aspects of energy-policy formulation and action by state legislatures: legislative structure; enactment of energy-facility-siting laws; and passage (or defeat) of significant energy legislation of a more general nature. Emphasis is placed on energy-facility-siting statutes and approaches for two reasons. First, energy facilities have a great impact on land use, environmental quality, and economic growth. Second, siting of these facilities raises inherent conflicts in the attempt to achieve balance between potentially contradictory objectives. The states of New Jersey and Maryland were examined in considerable depth as examples in this study. (MCW)
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Photovoltaic engineering services pertinent to solar energy conversion
The application of the compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) for use with solar cells has been investigated. Experiments with state-of-the-art Si cells in a CPC and under solar concentration were performed. A theoretical model for calculating the behavior of Si solar cells with concentration was developed. Detailed calculations of the energy distribution in the CPC were made. Finally a cost effectiveness analysis shows that the CPC system will produce power at very much lower cost than will flat panel solar cell arrays. (auth)
Date:
June 1, 1975
Creator:
Bell, R O; Ho, J C.T.; Kurth, W & Surek, T
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proceedings of the symposium on experiments using enriched antiproton, polarized proton, and polarized antiproton beams at Fermilab energies
The conference included 10 papers, one of which appeared previously under conference number Conf: 770675-1. Separate abstracts were prepared for the remaining nine papers. (JFP)
Date:
June 10, 1977
Creator:
Yokosawa, A. (ed.)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Resource, technology, and environment at the geysers
A general review, description, and history of geothermal development at the Geysers is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on environmental impacts of development of the area. The discussion is presented under the following chapter titles: introduction; energy, enthalpy and the First Law; vapor-producing geothermal reservoirs--review and models; geothermal; entropy and the Second Law; power plants--basics; H/sub 2/S emissions; hydrogen sulfide--possible health effects and odor; other emissions; power plant hydrogen sulfide abatement; hot water based geothermal development; phytotoxicity of geothermal emissions; appendices; and bibliography. (JGB)
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Weres, O.; Tsao, K. & Wood, B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Project R. D. Bailey experimental excavation program. [Spillway]
None
Date:
June 1, 1975
Creator:
Bechtell, W.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Close-in Magnetic Fields of a Lightning Return Stroke
This report address a close-in magnetic fields of a lightning return stroke.
Date:
June 1, 1975
Creator:
Jones, R. D. & Watts, H. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cold flow model test plan. Task IX. Technical support. Industrial low-Btu gas demonstration-plant program. (Deliverable No. 43)
A cold-flow model is being built to gather information for appropriately designing the venturi and the bottom section of the gasifier to attain the required ash discharge rate in the demonstration plant. Ancillary tasks will investigate the effect of different feed locations and different means of injecting fines. A model is necessary because the operating conditions of the pilot plant gasifier do not permit the type of testing required to meet the above objectives. The pilot plant gasifier has been operated with 2 and 3 in.-diameter venturis. Discharge rates through the venturi appropriate to the feed rates used have been on the order of 100 lb/hr. The demonstration plant design calls for a total ash agglomerate discharge from each gasifier of approximately 10,000 lb/hr. Scaling up venturi sizes and discharge rates from the pilot plant to the demonstration plant level is a primary motivation for building a cold-flow model. Larger sized venturis will be necessary to handle the larger discharge rates, and the model will be capable of incorporating up to an 8-in.-diameter venturi or other multiple-discharge nozzles. All equipment in the cold model will be capable of operation at 200 psig, which will enable testing to be conducted at …
Date:
June 1, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Discussions of Medical Device Issues: A Selected Bibliography
This report provides a bibliography of resources related to the safety and regulation of medical devices.
Date:
June 19, 1970
Creator:
Cavalier, Kay
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multinational Corporations 1968-70: Selected References
This report provides a bibliography of resources related to multinational corporations which were published from 1968 to 1970.
Date:
June 15, 1970
Creator:
Billings, Elden E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Narcotic Addiction: Selected Bibliographic References
This report provides a bibliography of resources related to narcotics addiction.
Date:
June 11, 1970
Creator:
Hogan, Harry L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Possible Legal Effects of the Proposed "Equal Rights" Amendment in the Area of Domestic Relations.
This report includes the Possible Legal Effects of the Proposed "Equal Rights" Amendment in the Area of Domestic Relations.
Date:
June 5, 1970
Creator:
Donaho, Elizabeth B. & Glass, Stuart E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Palestine Resistance Movement
This report discusses the Palestinian resistance movement and the various groups which comprise the movement. topics covered include group's motivations, goals, organizational structure, leaders, and activities.
Date:
June 17, 1970
Creator:
Mark, Clyde R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Operation of Congress: A Selected Bibliography
This report provides a bibliography of resources related to the operation of Congress.
Date:
June 26, 1970
Creator:
Oleszek, Walter J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Low temperature thermal properties of granular materials. [Specific heat; thermal conductivity]
None
Date:
June 1, 1975
Creator:
Tait, R.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Degradation of cellulosic biomass and its subsequent utilization for the production of chemical feedstocks. Progress report, March 1, 1977--May 31, 1977
The degradation of cellulosic biomass continues to focus on the anaerobic thermophile Clostridium thermocellum. When grown on crystalline cellulose (MN300) in batch culture, there is an initial rapid accumulation of reducing sugars but the sugars are rapidly metabolized in later times during the fermentation. When grown on Solka floc with periodic addition of the substrate, there is a continual accumulation of reducing sugars (xylose, glucose, and cellobiose) as well as ethanol and acetic acid during the entire course of the fermentation. In the presence of surfactant in the growth medium, there is an increased appearance of extracellular cellulases. A chemically defined medium is being developed for growth Cl. thermocellum in order to study the enzyme regulations. Lastly, a trinitrophenyl-carboxylmethyl cellulose substrate for determining cellulose activity appears to be a promising and rapid assay. Progress in the genetic manipulations has been cautious but promising. Preliminary evidence leads to optimistic projection on the presence of plasmids and bacteriophage in Cl. thermocellum. The production of chemical feedstocks continues to focus on acrylic acid, acetone/butanol and acetic acid. Studies with cell free extracts of Clostridium propionicum have shown the production and accumulation of acrylic acid from lactic acid. The use of electron acceptor in …
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Wang, D. I. C.; Cooney, C. L.; Demain, A. L.; Gomez, R. F. & Sinskey, A. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Potential geothermal resources in Hawaii: a preliminary regional survey. Phase I, final report
A regional geothermal resource assessment has been conducted for the major islands in the Hawaiian chain. The assessment was made through the compilation and evaluation of the readily accessible geological, geochemical, and geophysical data for the Hawaiian Archipelago that have been acquired during the last two decades. The geologic criteria used in the identification of possible geothermal reservoirs were age and location of most recent volcanism on the island and the geologic structure of each island. The geochemical anomalies used as traces for geothermally altered groundwater were elevated silica concentrations and elevated chloride/magnesium ion ratios. Geophysical data used to identify subsurface structure with possible geothermal potential were aeromagnetic anomalies, gravity anomalies, and higher-than-normal well and basal spring discharge temperatures. Geophysical and geochemical anomalies that may be the result of subsurface thermal effects have been identified on the islands of Hawaii, Maui, Molokai, and Oahu.
Date:
June 1, 1979
Creator:
Thomas, D.; Cox, M.; Erlandson, D. & Kajiwara, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comments on muon trapping. [HALO computer code]
Muons that result from the collisions of protons in the ISABELLE beams with other nucleons introduce important background or signal for experiments. Their ability to pass through the conductors and steel of ISABELLE magnets results in complicated trajectories. Some oscillate about quasistable orbits and are called ''trapped.'' A number of typical trajectories were plotted, and flux estimates were made with a Monte Carlo program, HALO. Trapping tends to reduce shielding requirements somewhat, but the effect does not appear to be a very large one from these initial investigations. More aspects need to be studied, and HALO appears to be a useful tool for doing so.
Date:
June 16, 1977
Creator:
Stevens, A. J. & Thorndike, A. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrodynamic behavior of a bare rod bundle. [LMFBR]
The temperature distribution within the rod bundle of a nuclear reactor is of major importance in nuclear reactor design. However temperature information presupposes knowledge of the hydrodynamic behavior of the coolant which is the most difficult part of the problem due to complexity of the turbulence phenomena. In the present work a 2-equation turbulence model--a strong candidate for analyzing actual three dimensional turbulent flows--has been used to predict fully developed flow of infinite bare rod bundle of various aspect ratios (P/D). The model has been modified to take into account anisotropic effects of eddy viscosity. Secondary flow calculations have been also performed although the model seems to be too rough to predict the secondary flow correctly. Heat transfer calculations have been performed to confirm the importance of anisotropic viscosity in temperature predictions. All numerical calculations for flow and heat have been performed by two computer codes based on the TEACH code. Experimental measurements of the distribution of axial velocity, turbulent axial velocity, turbulent kinetic energy and radial Reynolds stresses were performed in the developing and fully developed regions. A 2-channel Laser Doppler Anemometer working on the Reference mode with forward scattering was used to perform the measurements in a simulated …
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Bartzis, J.G. & Todreas, N.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary evaluation of two-element optical concentrators for use in solar photovoltaic systems
The objective of this program was: to evaluate for photovoltaic applications the use of the compound parabolic concentrator design as a field collector--in conjunction with a primary focusing concentrator. The primary focusing concentrator may be a parabolic reflector, an array of Fresnel mirrors, a Fresnel lens, or some other type; Select several candidate configurations of such compound systems (focusing concentrators/CPC field collectors); Perform an analytic evaluation of the technical performance of these systems; and identify the most promising configurations and perform a cost effectiveness study pertinent to coupling CPC concentrators to solar cells. (WDM)
Date:
June 30, 1975
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fish Culture Utilization of Geothermal Energy
None
Date:
June 1, 1975
Creator:
Roberts, P. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cobalt-60 heat source demonstration program. Phase III. Fabrication. Final report
Significant accomplishments completed during Phase III of the /sup 60/Co Heat Source Demonstration program include the following: encapsulation of 2 MCi of /sup 60/Co; fabrication of the heat source, including the ASME coded pressure vessel/core assembly, and biological shielding; endurance testing of a prototype heat pipe for a period of 28 months; fabrication and qualification of the heat pipe emergency cooling subsystem; issue of the safety evaluation report, reference 3, and the operations manual, reference 4; and heat source assembly. The planned demonstration test program was modified to include testing of a total power system. Based on an evaluation of available power conversion systems, which included the closed-cycle Brayton and organic Rankine systems, the closed-cycle Brayton system was selected for use. Selection was based on advantages offered by the direct coupling of this conversion system with the gas-cooled heat source. In implementing the test program, the AiResearch BCD power conversion system was to be coupled to the heat source following initial heat source performance testing and part way through the endurance test. In accordance with the program redirection the following Phase IV checkout operations were completed to evaluate procedural and hardware acceptability: heat source dummy fueling; fueling cask sielding survey; …
Date:
June 1, 1973
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pacific Northwest Laboratory annual report for 1976 to the ERDA Assistant Administrator for Environment and Safety. Part 5. Control technology, overview, safety, and policy analysis
Separate abstracts were prepared on four sections of this report that describes research programs at BNWL related to pollution control technology for the development of energy sources.
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Bair, W.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library