Data from e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilations at 29 GeV have been used to measure the production and fragmentation of eta mesons. The signal is observed in the eta ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. decay channel. The fragmentation function for p/sub eta/ > 1.5 GeV/c agrees well with the shapes predicted by both the Lund and Webber models. However, the mean multiplicity is measured to be < n/sub eta/ > = 0.37 +- 0.08 eta mesons per hadronic annihilation event, which is significantly lower than the values predicted by either model. 6 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.

In support of the research program in converting oil shale into useful forms of energy, the US Department of Energy is developing systems models of oil shale processing plants. These models will be used to project the most attractive combination of process alternatives and identify future direction for R and D efforts. With the objective of providing technical and economic input for such systems models, Foster Wheeler was contracted to develop conceptual designs and cost estimates for commercial scale processing plants to produce syncrude from oil shales via various routes. This topical report summarizes the conceptual design of an integrated oil shale processing plant based on fluidized bed retorting of Colorado oil shale. The plant has a nominal capacity of 50,000 barrels per operating day of syncrude product, derived from oil shale feed having a Fischer Assay of 30 gallons per ton. The scope of the plant encompasses a grassroots facility which receives run of the mine oil shale, delivers product oil to storage, and disposes of the processed spent shale. In addition to oil shale feed, the battery limits input includes raw water, electric power, and natural gas to support plant operations. Design of the individual processing units was …

The San Ignacio (La Tembladera) geothermal site is located on the north side of the Siria Valley, Departamento de Francisco Morazan, near the village of Barrosa. Hot springs are located along a northwest-trending fault scarp at the edge of the valley and along north-trending faults that cross the scarp. The rocks in the area are primarily Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, overlain by patches of Tertiary Padre Miguel Group tuffs and alluvial deposits. Movement probably occurred along several faults during latest Tertiary and possibly early Quaternary times. Four spring areas were mapped. Area 1, the largest, is associated with a sinter mound and consists of 40 spring groups. About half of the springs, aligned along a north-south trend, are boiling. Area 2 is a small sinter mound with several seeps. Area 3 consists of a group of hot and boiling springs aligned along a north-trending fault. The springs rise through fractured schists and a thin cover of alluvium. Area 4 is located at the intersection of several faults and includes one of the largest boiling springs in the area.

Data include the results of experiments with artificial tracers and information from direct measurements of naturally occurring and fallout-produced radionuclides washed out or rained out by storms. Individual measurements of retention varied from negative to over 100%. The conclusion is that a value of 0.4 to 0.5 would be appropriate for average retention, and a value of 1.0 would not be unreasonable if one wished to be conservative, particularly where high vegetation densities might be expected. 35 refs., 16 tabs.

Fine-grained, sinterable lithium oxide powder was prepared by high-temperature vacuum calcination of molten lithium carbonate. The product was ball milled, cold pressed, and fired in an oxygen atmosphere. The fired density, grain size, and surface roughness varied widely with firing schedule. Most variations were attributed to moisture content. Rings of high-density, sintered lithium oxide will be used in an in-reactor experiment to measure tritium release. 2 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Annual report of Argonne National Laboratory's Chemical Technology (CMT) Division. In this period, CMT conducted research and development in areas that include the following: (1) high-performance batteries--mainly lithium-alloy/metal sulfide and sodium/sulfur; (2) aqueous batteries (lead-acid, nickel/iron, etc.); (3)advanced fuel cells with molten carbonate or solid oxide electrolytes; (4) coal utilization, (5) methods for recovery of energy from municipal waste; (6) methods for the electromagnetic continuous casting of steel sheet; (7) techniques for treatment of hazardous waste such as reactive metals and trichloroethylenes; (8) nuclear technology related to waste management.

New results are presented from analyses of several mesonic and baryonic states containing one or more strange quarks. The data are taken from a high statistics (4 events/nb) study of K p interactions at 11 GeV/c carried out in the LASS Spectrometer at SLAC. New information is reported on the underlying K* states and also evidence for selective coupling of K eta to the K*'s; on the strangeonium members of the axial vector nonets in the K anti K channel; and on evidence for an * state.

The SLC luminosity is reached by colliding beams focused to about 2 ..mu..m transverse sizes. The Final Focus System (FFS) must enable, beyond its basic optical design, the detection and correction of errors accumulated in the system. In this paper, after summarizing the design, we review the sensitivity to such errors and the ability to correct them. The overall tuning strategy involves three phases: single beam spot minimization, steering the beams in collision and luminosity optimization with beam-beam effects.

We perform one dimensional numerical simulations with a Lagrangian hydrodynamics code of the adiabatic expansion of a supernova into the surrounding medium. The early expansion follows Chevalier's analytic self-similar solution until the reverse shock reaches the ejecta core. We follow the expansion as it evolves towards the adiabatic blast wave phase. Some memory of the earlier phases of expansion is retained in the interior even when the outer regions expand as a blast wave. We find the results are sensitive to the initial configuration of the ejecta and to the placement of gridpoints. 6 refs., 2 figs.

Recent developments in high reliability components for linear induction accelerators (LIA) make possible the use of LIAs as large-scale, economical sources of radio-frequency (rf) power for many applications. One particularly attractive example of interest to high energy physicists is a ''two-beam accelerator'' version of a linear e/sup +/-e/sup -/ collider at TeV energies in which the LIA is configured as a monolithic relativistic klystron operating at 10 to 12 GHz. Another example of keen interest to the fusion community is the use of the LIA to drive a free-electron laser operating at 200 to 500 GHz for use in heating fusion plasma via electron resonance cyclotron heating. This paper briefly describes several potential uses of LIA radiation sources. It discusses the physical basis for scaling our present experience with LIAs to the operating characteristics applicable to large-scale sources of rf power and synchrotron radiation. 14 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

IDA is a beam transport line calculation program which runs interactively on an IBM PC computer. It can be used for a large fraction of the usual calculations done for beam transport systems or periods of accelerators or storage rings. Because of the interactive screen editor nature of the data input, this program permits one to rather quickly arrive at general properties of a beam line or an accelerator period.

Composite models generally predict the existence of excited quark and lepton states. We consider the production and experimental signatures of excited quarks Q* of spin and isospin 1/2 at hadron colliders and estimate the background for those channels which are most promising for Q* identification. Multi-TeV pp-colliders will give access to such particles with masses up to several TeV.

Activities conducted under this contract include studies on the combustion and fireside behavior of numerous coal-water fuels (CWFs). The work has been broken down into the following areas: Task 1 -- Selection of Candidate Fuels; Task 2 -- Bench Scale Tests; Task 3 -- CWF Preparation and Supply; Task 4 -- Combustion Characterization; Task 5 -- Ash Deposition and Performance Testing; Task 6 -- Commercial Applications. This report covers Task 6, the study of commercial applications of CWFs as related to the technical and economic aspects of the conversion of existing boilers and heaters to CWF firing. This work involves the analysis of seven units of various sizes and configurations firing several selected CWFs. Three utility boilers, two industrial boilers, and two process heater designs are included. Each of the units was considered with four primary selected CWFs. A fifth fuel was considered for one of the utility units. A sixth fuel, a microfine grind CWF, was evaluated on two utility units and one industrial unit. The particular fuels were chosen with the objective of examining the effects of coal source, ash level, ash properties, and beneficiation on the CWF performance and economics of the seven units. 10 refs., 81 …

Lower hybrid waves with a narrow high velocity wave spectrum have been used to achieve high central electron temperatures in a tokamak plasma. Waves with a frequency of 2.45 GHz launched by a 16-waveguide grill at a power level less than 600 kW were used to increase the central electron temperature of the PLT plasma from 2.2 keV to 5 keV. The magnitude of the temperature increase depends strongly on the phase difference between the waveguides and on the direction of the launched wave. A reduction in the central electron thermal diffusivity is associated with the peaked electron temperature profiles of lower hybrid current-driven plasmas. 16 refs.

The status of Monte Carlo and other perturbative QCD calculations for signals and backgrounds in hadronic collisions is reviewed, and possibilities for improvements are discussed.

Fluctuations were first encountered in the Fort St. Vrain reactor early in cycle 1 operation, during the initial rise from 40% to 70% power. Subsequent in-core tests and operation throughout cycles 1 and 2 demonstrated that fluctuations were repeatable, occurring at core pressure drops of between 2.5 psi and 4.0 psi, and that in each instance their characteristics were very similar. Subsequently, tests and analysis were done to understand the core fluctuation phenomenon. These efforts also lead to a design fix which stopped these fluctuations in the FSV reactor core. This fix required that keys be used in addition to the keys in the core support floor which already existed. This report outlines a test plan to validate that core fluctuations will not occur in the MHTGR core. 2 refs., 12 figs., 3 tabs.

After a qualitative introduction into the dynamics underlying charm decays the author describes in some detail three different theoretical treatments: the Stech et al. description based on factorization, the 1/N approach and an ansatz employing QCD sum rules. The overall agreement of the emerging theoretical picture with the data is rather encouraging and indicates that the effects of hadronization on these decays are under reasonable control. Yet more and more detailed data are needed to confirm (hopefully) this simple picture. The author lists the processes most relevant in this respect and emphasizes the need for increasing our theoretical sophistication. Once this is achieved we have on one hand acquired the theoretical tools to deal with B physics; on the other hand we will then be ready to exploit charm physics to the fullest in searching for exotic D decays, D/sup 0/ - anti D/sup 0/ mixing and CP violation.

The combination of a vertex detector with a J/PSI trigger should enable one to measure the masses and lifetimes of various beauty baryons and heavy beauty mesons at the SSC or Tevatron II.

This report summarizes the investigation of a cloud-cover modification to SPCTRAL2, SERI's simple model for cloudless-sky, spectral solar irradiance. Our approach was to develop a modifier that relies on commonly acquired meteorological and broadband-irradiance data rather than detailed cloud properties that are generally not available. The method was to normalize modeled, cloudless-sky spectral irradiance to a measured broadband-irradiance value under cloudy skies, and then to compare the normalized, modeled data with measured spectral-irradiance data to empirically derive spectral modifiers that improve the agreement between modeled and measured data. Results indicate the possible form of the spectral corrections; however, we must analyze additional data to develop a spectral transmission function for cloudy-sky conditions.

A multi-feedzone wellbore simulator has been developed. This computer code is quite general as it enables one to compute downhole conditions in wells with an arbitrary number of feedzones during discharge or injection. The simulator is applied to flowing pressure and temperature surveys from various wells in Mexico, Iceland and Kenya. It is demonstrated that such a model can be used to estimate flow rates and enthalpies of individual feedzones.

Numerical studies are performed to investigate the effects localized feedzones on the pressure transients in two-phase reservoirs. It is shown that gravity effects can significantly affect the pressure transients, because of the large difference in the density of liquid water and vapor. Production from such systems enhances steam/liquid water counterflow and expands the vapor-dominated zone at the top of the reservoir. Subcooled liquid regions develop in the center of the reservoir due to gravity drainage of cooler liquid water. The vapor zone will act as a constant pressure boundary and help stabilize the decline in the system. It is shown that the pressure transients at observation wells depend greatly on the location (depth) of the major feedzone; if this is not accounted for, large errors in deduced reservoir properties will result. At shallow observation points pressures may actually increase as a result of enhanced steam upflow due to production at a deep feedzone. 12 refs., 17 figs.

A technique is described for measuring and deconvolving response times of microwave diode detection systems in order to generate corrected input signals typical of an infinite detection rate. The method has been applied to cases of 2.86 GHz ultra-short HPM pulse detection where pulse rise time is comparable to that of the detector; whereas, the duration of a few nanoseconds is significantly longer. Results are specified in terms of the enhancement of equivalent deconvolved input voltages for given observed voltages. The convolution integral imposes the constraint of linear detector response to input power levels. This is physically equivalent to the conservation of integrated pulse energy in the deconvolution process. The applicable dynamic range of a microwave diode is therefore limited to a smaller signal region as determined by its calibration.

The nuclear reactor industry has been in a state of decline for more than a decade in most of the world. The reasons are numerous and often unique to the energy situation of individual countries. Two commonly cited issues influence decisions relating to construction of reactors: costs and the need, or lack thereof, for additional generating capacity. Public concern has ''politicized'' the nuclear industry in many non-communist countries, causing a profound effect on the economics of the option. The nuclear installations and future plans are reviewed on a country-by-country basis for 36 countries in the light of the resources and objectives of each. Because oil and gas for power production throughout the world are being phased out as much as possible, coal-fired generation currently tends to be the chosen alternative to nuclear power production. Exceptions occur in many of the less developed countries that collectively have a very limited operating experience with nuclear reactors. The Chernobyl accident in the USSR alarmed the public; however, national strategies and plans to build reactors have not changed markedly in the interim. Assuming that the next decade of nuclear power generation is uneventful, additional electrical demand would cause the nuclear power industry to experience …