In the summer of 2000, Duke University and the Kenyan power generation company, KenGen, conducted a microearthquake monitoring experiment at Longonot volcano in Kenya. Longonot is one of several major late Quaternary trachyte volcanoes in the Kenya Rift. They study was aimed at developing seismic methods for locating buried hydrothermal areas in the Rift on the basis of their microearthquake activity and wave propagation effects. A comparison of microearthquake records from 4.5 Hz, 2 Hz, and broadband seismometers revealed strong high-frequency site and wave-propagation effects. The lower frequency seismometers were needed to detect and record individual phases. Two-dozen 3-component 2- Hz L22 seismographs and PASSCAL loggers were then distributed around Longonot. Recordings from this network located one seismically active area on Longonot's southwest flank. The events from this area were emergent, shallow (<3 km), small (M<1), and spatially restricted. Evidently, the hydrothermal system in this area is not currently very extensive or active. To establish the nature of the site effects, the data were analyzed using three spectral techniques that reduce source effects. The data were also compared to a simple forward model. The results show that, in certain frequency ranges, the technique of dividing the horizontal motion by the …

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The military services face significant challenges in addressing facility sustainment, restoration, and modernization needs with limited funds. These challenges are magnified by the 20 to 25 percent of the Department of Defense's (DOD) real property that it views as not being needed to meet current mission requirements, but that adds to costs. To reduce these costs and acquire additional resources to maintain its facilities, DOD has developed a multi-part strategy involving base realignment and closure, housing and utility privatization, competitive sourcing of non-inherently governmental functions, and demolition of facilities that are no longer needed. Although the services continue to use the leasing authority provided for traditional type of leases, they have made limited efforts to use the expanded leasing authority enacted by Congress in fiscal year 2001. The services have identified a number of impediments that have limited the use of the expanded leasing authority and that could adversely affect the program in the future."

Equivalent dipole polarizability matrices and equivalent dipole location are a convenient way to summarize magnetic induction data arising from currents induced in isolated conductive objects. The uncertainties in polarizability estimates and in equivalent dipole location provide a quantitative measure of the performance of different configurations of transmitters and receivers. Uncertainties in equivalent dipole polarizability matrices and equivalent dipole position are estimated using a linearized inversion. For a number of systems of rectangular loop transmitters and dipole receivers sited on a horizontal grid, equivalent dipole depth is determined to 10% approximately 20% deeper, than the polarizability matrix elements can be determined to the same precision. Systems that have a lower product of rms polarizability uncertainty and square root of their number of transmitter-receiver pairs are considered more effective for their number of transmitter-receiver pairs. Among the systems studied, a system with three orthogonal transmitter loops and a three component receiver is the most effective, for objects shallower than 0.6 times the instrument siting grid spacing, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0.04 times that of a single transmitter single receiver system. At intermediate depths, a system with two vertical component receivers on the diagonal of a horizontal transmitter loop is most effective …

Development, testing and optimization of advanced metal and ceramic, barrier and fiber safeguard devices (SGDs) is described. Metal barrier devices are found prone to manufacturing defects and premature blinding. Fiber devices are found to be satisfactory if fine fibers are used. Durable alloys are identified for both oxidation and gasification conditions. Ceramic honeycomb SGDs were found to perform as excellent barrier devices. Optimization has shown such devices to be durable. Field testing of ceramic honeycomb SGDs from two different manufacturers is being pursued.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "During World War I, the U.S. Army operated a large research facility to develop and test chemical weapons and explosives in the area that became the Spring Valley neighborhood in Washington, D.C. Buried ordnance, discovered there in 1993, led to the designation by the Department of Defense (DOD) of 61 acres as a formerly used defense site. Through fiscal year 2001, DOD had spent over $50 million to identify and remove hazards at the site. The government entities involved have identified and removed a large number of hazards, but the number remaining is unknown. The health risks influencing cleanup activities at Spring Valley are the possibility of injury or death from exploding or leaking ordnance and containers of chemical warfare agents and potential long-term health problems from exposure to arsenic-contaminated soil. As of April 2002, the U.S. Army estimated that the remaining cleanup activities would cost $7.1 million and take 5 years. But these estimates are unreliable. GAO summarized this report in congressional testimony (See GAO-02-836T)."

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Federal Financial Management Improvement Act (FFMIA) of 1996 ensures that agency financial management systems routinely provide reliable and timely financial information on the investment of resources, reduced costs and programs oversight. Although many agencies are receiving unqualified opinions on their financial statements, auditor determinations of FFMIA compliance are lagging. To achieve the financial management improvements envisioned by the Chief Financial Officers Act, FFMIA, and more recently, the President's Management Agenda, agencies need to modernize their financial systems to generate reliable, useful, and timely financial information throughout the year and at year-end."

The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) will study the physics of low aspect ratio, high beta quasi-axisymmetric stellarators. In order to achieve the scientific goals of the NCSX mission, the device must be capable of supporting a wide range of variations in plasma configuration about a reference equilibrium. Numerical experiments are presented which demonstrate this capability.

One of the concerns facing accelerator-driven transmutation systems (ADSs) is whether the radiotoxicity of materials produced during the transmutation process poses more of a concern than does the radiotoxicity of the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) itself. Most of the common fission products (or FPs) are emitters of beta radiation, but additionally, some of the radionuclides generated during spallation are alpha emitters. Thus, both ingestion and inhalation radiotoxicity of the materials produced during spallation could be significant. Typically, ingestion is considered to be more significant than inhalation radiotoxicity for long-term storage/disposal (such as in a repository) because the greatest potential biological hazard to humans occurs when the isotope is absorbed in nearby ground water or brine and transported from the repository to drinking water. Nonetheless, inhalation radiotoxicity is also important to analyze in case of a breach of containment inside the accelerator facility and/or for short-term (i.e., above-ground) storage concerns. Thus, this study calculated the radiotoxicity of spallation products (or SPs) from three different targets: lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), LBE-cooled tungsten, and LBE-cooled lead.

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This presentation deals with recent results on the onset of octupole collectivity in superdeformed nuclei of the A {approx} 190 and A {approx} 150 regions as well as in actinide nuclei at normal deformation. It is shown that most of the properties of these negative parity sequences can be understood in terms of Random Phase Approximation (RPA) calculations, although the observations in some Pu isotopes continue to be a challenge to interpret.

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There was an increase in total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentrations at all three depths within Borehole DRA-0. The oxygen concentration at 40 ft below ground surface (bgs) decreased. There was also an increase in carbon dioxide concentration at that depth. The decrease in oxygen concentrations and the increase in carbon dioxide concentration at the 40 ft bgs level could be possible indicators of natural attenuation. It is not possible to determine trends or biodegradation rates with the limited amount of data collected from the site. The sample results from this first monitoring period did not correlate with the baseline results collected in August 2000. Additional samples will be collected and the results will be compared to previously collected samples to determine if the site was at equilibrium in August 2000. Continued annual monitoring will be conducted as specified in the Closure Report to determine trends at the site. As natural attenuation occurs, the TPH concentrations should decrease. The TPH concentrations will be compared over successive monitoring events to determine trends and approximate rates. As natural attenuation occurs, oxygen will be consumed and carbon dioxide will be produced. The oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide concentrations will also be evaluated to determine …

The goal of this proposal was to construct and evaluate adenoviral vectors encoding for the human somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTr2) in the context of human prostate cancer.

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The federal government has spent billions of dollars attempting to reduce the consumption of petroleum in the transportation sector for over 25 years. Throughout the period, the government has tried tax incentives, mandates to use vehicles that run on alternative fuels, and laws designed to enhance fuel efficiency. More recently, the federal government conducted a $1.2 billion partnership between industry and government, the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicle, to develop a highly fuel-efficient car. The administration has proposed a new initiative, known as FreedomCAR, focused on developing hydrogen fuel cells that will provide the technology necessary to create cars and trucks that do not require petroleum and have no polluting emissions--without sacrificing safety or convenience. FreedomCAR will operate as a cooperative research effort between the Department of Energy and General Motors, Daimler-Chrysler, and the Ford Motor Company. The FreedomCAR initiative should make sure that it (1) performs research that private industry would not do on its own, (2) specifies a clear and measurable goal, (3) devises a strategy to directly address that goal, and (4) considers whether consumers will buy the products resulting from the research …

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Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This testimony describes China's development of rule of law practices related to the commitments China made to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which it joined in November 2001. When China joined the WTO, it agreed that its legal measures would be consistent with its WTO obligations. GAO found 60 commitments that specifically obligate China to enact, repeal, or modify trade-related laws or regulations. In addition, China has made a substantial number of other WTO commitments related to the rule of law in transparency, judicial review, uniform enforcement of laws, and nondiscriminatory treatment. Chinese government officials described how their efforts for reform go beyond China's WTO commitments and include broad reforms of laws and regulations at the national and provincial levels, as well as reforms of judicial and administrative procedures. However, Chinese officials acknowledged the challenges they face in completing the necessary reforms and identified the need for outside training assistance. According to GAO's survey, U.S. businesses in China consider rule of law-related WTO commitments to be important, especially the consistent application of laws, regulations, and practices in China, and enforcement of intellectual property rights. However, a majority of …