Dielectrophoretic filtration experiments were conducted on glass, polyester, dacron, Teflon, wool, acrylic and polypropylene filter media. A polydispersed (sigma g = 2.0, ammd = 0.95 ..mu.. m) sodium chloride particle was used as a test aerosol. All materials exhibited significant increases in efficiency with increasing field strengths. Efficiencies of greater than 99 percent could be obtained from glass fiber mats using a 13 kV/cm electric field at 16.3 cm/s face velocity.

The system comprises a computer-controlled automatic wet chemical analyzer, and a scheme for handling all of the data generating operations associated with the assay of solid or solution samples containing uranium. The analytical measurement technique is based on the Davies-Gray/New Brunswick Laboratory method, and involves controlled-current coulometry with potentiometric end-point detection. To increase the credibility of the analytical results and minimize the probability of processing large numbers of samples incorrectly, the analyzer includes an extensive fault-monitoring network. This guards against (a) off-normal conditions that might result in analytical errors, and (b) unsafe operating conditions. There is provision for analyzing standards along with samples and for automatically comparing the standard results with allowable control limits.

A program to obtain automotive engine performance data for use in estimating vehicle emission and fuel economy in varied service and duty is described. An experimental test procedure for generating fuel consumption and emissions data adequate to characterize an engine over its full operating range was developed for steady-state tests. The development of a test procedure for transient testing is currently under way. The steady-state data will be collected from approximately 23 different engines, including: (1) 16 current production spark-ignition engines; (2) 3 pre-production or prototype advanced design spark-ignition engines; and (3) 4 light-duty diesel engines which are, or could be, used in passenger car applications. To date, steady-state ''engine maps'' were completed on 10 engines. A simplified model used to compare steady-state data with chassis dynamometer data indicates that results thus far can be used to obtain estimates of fuel economy in automobiles.

A procedure is proposed for constructing low-order partial-wave amplitudes from a knowledge of Barrelet zeros near the physical region. The method is applied to the zeros already obtained for elastic ..pi../sup +/p scattering data between 1.2 and 2.2 GeV cm energies. The partial waves emerge with errors that are straight-forwardly related to the accuracy of the data and satisfy unitarity without any constraint being imposed. There are significant differences from the partial waves obtained by other methods; this can be partially explained by the fact that no previous partial-wave analysis has been able to solve the discrete ambiguity. The cost of the analysis is much less.

The methodology of magnet technology and its application to various engineering devices are discussed. Magnet technology has experienced a rigid growth in the past few years as a result of the advances made in superconductivity, numerical methods and computational techniques. Included are discussions on: (1) mathematical models for solving magnetic field problems; (2) the applicability, usefulness, and limitations of computer programs that utilize these models; (3) examples of application in various engineering disciplines; and (4) areas where further contributions are needed.

The existing technology of lanthanide-actinide separations is discussed with emphasis on the difficulties to be expected if the currently practiced separation methods were to be applied to waste partitioning. All of the workable methods known are noted, and three out of the four have seen many applications for the last 20 to 25 years at our Laboratory and elsewhere. The fourth, developed at ORNL 16 to 17 years ago, has been applied to waste partitioning in Germany. Each of these methods depends upon complexing the actinides to a slightly greater extent than the lanthanides with either Cl/sup -/, SCN/sup -/, or aminocarboxylic acids. The separation of the complexed ions is accomplished with either liquid or solid ion-exchangers and, in principle, either can be used interchangeably.

The absorption of 1.06 ..mu.. light focused on small C/sub 8/H/sub 8/ discs has been measured in the intensity range of 10/sup 15/ - 10/sup 17/ W/cm. The data confirms the importance of collective plasma effects in determining the absorption of intense light. The measured absorption efficiencies are in the range of 30 to 40 percent, and the scattered light has a polarization dependence. The measured absorptions are shown to be inconsistent with classical inverse bremsstrahlung. Both the magnitude of the absorption and the observed polarization dependence of the scattered light are shown to be consistent with recent calculations of light absorption via collective processes. Comparisons are made, and improved models of the light absorption are discussed with reference to the data. In addition, the heated electron energies deduced from the x-ray data are consistent with those expected via collective processes.

Four methods for the accurate determination of aluminum in highly alkaline nuclear waste solutions were developed and the results were compared to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each. The solutions of interest contain aluminum in concentrations of 0.5 to 3.5 M and the hydroxide (OH/sup -/) concentrations were greater than 1.0 M. The normal atomic absorption determination was highly inaccurate for these samples so citrate was used as a complexant to improve the results. A fluoride titration was carried out in an ethanol-water matrix using a fluoride ion-selective electrode. A thermometric titration proved successful in determining both the OH/sup -/ and aluminum concentrations of the samples. Finally, a titrimetric method using a pH electrode to determine OH/sup -/ d aluminum was checked and compared with the other methods. Samples were analyzed using all four methods and the agreement of the results was very good. For all four methods the accuracy was around 100 percent and the precision varied from approximately +-2 percent for the fluoride electrode determination to approximately +-10 percent for the atomic absorption determination. On the basis of the work performed, conclusions were drawn about the strengths and weaknesses of each method and whether or not the …

Analytic studies were made of the adequacy of simulating earthquake effects at the Nevada Test Site for structural testing purposes. It is concluded that underground nuclear explosion ground motion will produce inelastic behavior and damage comparable to that produced by strong earthquakes. The generally longer duration of earthquakes compared with underground nuclear explosions does not appear to significantly affect the structural behavior of the building frames considered. A comparison of maximum ductility ratios, maximum story drifts, and maximum displacement indicate similar structural behavior for both types of ground motion. Low yield (10 - kt) underground nuclear explosions are capable of producing inelastic behavior in large structures. Ground motion produced by underground nuclear explosions can produce inelastic earthquake-like effects in large structures and could be used for testing large structures in the inelastic response regime. The Nevada Test Site is a feasible earthquake simulator for testing large structures.

The data systems on the three mass spectrometers at LLL are computer-controlled, pulse-counting systems synchronized to a repeatedly swept magnetic field. The data are accumulated in the memory of the computer or in a Nuclear Data ND 180 in a multi-scaler mode of operation. This mode of data acquisition allows a continuous check of the background stability and makes tune-up easier. But the main benefit is a reduction in the required ion emission rate stability. By the use of standards to set the system dead time, we have been able to utilize the sensitivity of a pulse counting system without the expense of exotic equipment.

A brief description of current results in the kaon-nucleon interaction in the resonance region is presented.

The recent prediction and observation of cylindrical and spherical ion acoustic solitons in a cold, single species plasma are reviewed. The properties of these higher dimensional solitons are quite different from their planar counterpart since the amplitude increases, the width decreases, and the propagation speed increases as the soliton moves inward. Although the results for two- and three-dimensional solitons are obtained numerically, early time solutions can be found analytically and compared with numerical solutions. An interesting phenomenon, which is an integral part of these higher dimensional solitons, is the presence of a wake. Although the amplitude of this wake is very small, it can carry considerable momentum since it extends over a large spatial region.

The Shock Wave Data Center of the Lawrence Livermore Lab collects and disseminates P.V.E. data obtained with shock waves. It has been in existence since 1964. An extensive number of papers reporting shock data had become available by that time. This was so in spite of the fact that the technology was developed only during the 2nd World War. Collection and partial evaluation of this data was therefore of value to facilitate its use by our laboratory and others who were involved with science and engineering in the high pressure field. The pressure range of the data collected is quite extensive and extends from 1 MPa to 1 TPa. One very important difference between shock wave compression data and those obtained with static presses must be emphasized, since it is often not fully appreciated. The pressure-volume locus of shock wave states (Hugoniot), which is obtained by passing increasingly stronger shocks into samples with the same initial state, rapidly increases in temperature as the shocks get stronger and the pressure and compression get higher. As a consequence, this Hugoniot locus must have a lower compressibility than isotherms obtained under static conditions. In fact, if porous or otherwise expanded samples are used, …

The purpose of the paper is to describe a set of unfulfilled needs for data collection and evaluation for energy policy in the area of energy conservation. Models must be developed that describe the consumption patterns of individuals, households, business firms, and industries. To support such models, detailed high-quality data are needed so that meaningful analyses of present and changing energy consumption patterns can be carried out. In the U.S., such data are generally nonexistent or are not available in a form useful for energy policy models. In recognition of the unavailability of needed data in the U.S., for example, the National Academy of Sciences has undertaken a study, funded by the Federal Energy Administration, to determine data needs and data development regarding energy consumption and demands. The results of this study should provide a framework within which detailed work can proceed. Another area of data collection pertinent to energy conservation considerations is that of materials. The extraction, processing, fabrication, distribution, and usage of materials require a substantial fraction of the energy used each year in most industrialized countries. Improvements in the efficient use of energy in the various processes involved in materials production offer a source of considerable energy …

The low momentum beam described is to be a unique source of antiprotons as well as kaons. The discussion covers (1) choice of production angle; (2) secondary beams; (3) the use of sector dipole magnets for minimizing aberrations; (4) beam bending magnets; (5) beam separators; and (6) beam acceptance. (PMA)

A solid-state laser rod amplifier of moderate aperture achieving a high degree of spatial gain uniformity has been constructed and its performance evaluated. Digital and analogue techniques were used to optimize the amplifier design for performance in a laser fusion application. Results of simple 2-D computer simulations and experimental evaluations of amplifier performance are presented.

Fatigue tests were performed on ultra-high strength steels to assess (i) the influence of strength at constant grain size, and (ii) the influence of grain size at constant strength, on threshold stress intensity and near-threshold crack propagation rates. The results constitute part of a larger program of research to characterize the microstructural influences on fatigue crack propagation at growth rates less than 10/sup -5/ mm/cycle in an attempt to provide a basis for the design of alloys resistant to low growth rate fatigue failure.

Abstracts of the papers presented at the Lasers for Isotope Separation Conference are included. (LK)

The principles of mirror machine confinement are reviewed with emphasis on the physical process of neutral beam injection and plasma end leakage. The characteristics of efficient neutral beam injectors and direct energy convertors for the plasma and leakage are described.

The Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) and University of California (UCB), under the auspices of the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, are conducting field studies at potential geothermal resource areas in north-central Nevada. The goal of the LBL-UCB program is to develop and evaluate techniques for the assessment of the resource potential of liquid-dominated systems. Field studies presently being conducted in northern Nevada incorporate an integrated program of geologic, geophysical, and geochemical surveys leading to heat flow measurements, and eventually to deep (1.5 to 2 km) confirmatory drill holes. Techniques evaluated include geophysical methods to measure contrasts in electrical resistivity and seismic parameters. Geochemical studies have emphasized techniques to disclose the pathways of water from its meteoric origin into and through the hydrothermal systems. Geochemical and radiometric analyses also help to provide a baseline upon which the effects of future geothermal development may be superimposed.

An overview of the Hanford Long-Term High-Level Waste Management Program is presented. Four topics are discussed: first, the kinds and quantities of waste that will exist and are included in this program; second, how the plan is structured to solve this problem; third, the alternative waste management methods being considered; and fourth, the technology program that is in progress to carry out this plan. (LK)

A synopsis is given of the detailed characterization of the existing environment at Hanford. The following aspects are covered: demography, land use, meteorology, geology, hydrology, and seismology. It is concluded that Hanford is one of the most extensively characterized nuclear sites. 16 figures. (DLC)

The strontium and cesium fractions separated from high radiation level wastes at Hanford are converted to the solid strontium fluoride and cesium chloride salts, doubly encapsulated, and stored underwater in the Waste Encapsulation and Storage Facility (WESF). A capsule contains approximately 70,000 Ci of /sup 137/Cs or 70,000 to 140,000 Ci of /sup 90/Sr. Materials for fabrication of process equipment and capsules must withstand a combination of corrosive chemicals, high radiation dosages and frequently, elevated temperatures. The two metals selected for capsules, Hastelloy C-276 for strontium fluoride and 316-L stainless steel for cesium chloride, are adequate for prolonged containment. Additional materials studies are being done both for licensing strontium fluoride as source material and for second generation process equipment.

The effect of the massive ''color'' gluon excitation in charged current ..nu..N and anti..nu..N inclusive scattering is studied. The observed rise in sigma/sub c//sup anti..nu..//sigma/sub c//sup ..nu../ and (y)/sup anti..nu../ can be understood as a transient effect arising from the opening of hadronic ''color'' thresholds. This interpretation of the charged current neutrino phenomena does not call for the introduction of the right-handed current of the type (anti pn')/sub R/.