Tanks Focus Area (TFA) FY1999 Midyear Review Report (open access)

Tanks Focus Area (TFA) FY1999 Midyear Review Report

The purpose of the Tanks Focus Area (TFA) Midyear Review was to improve the quality and responsiveness of TFA technical solutions to identified user needs. This review goal was achieved through executing a multi-phased review approach. The first phase of the midyear review focused on the subset of FY99 work identified by Department of energy users as having continuing benefit in FY00-01. The TFA FY00-02 Technical Responses identified FY99 work that had continued applicability based on the most current set of site user needs. Each TFA FY00-02 Technical Response which included FY work scope was reviewed by the TFA Technical Advisory Group (TAG), in a meeting held in February 1999. Made up of technical experts from across the country, the TAG provides high-quality, short-turnaround, independent technical reviews for the TFA.
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Schlahta, Stephan N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The technology benefits of inertial confinement fusion research (open access)

The technology benefits of inertial confinement fusion research

The development and demonstration of inertial fusion is incredibly challenging because it requires simultaneously controlling and precisely measuring parameters at extreme values in energy, space, and time. The challenges range from building megajoule (10{sup 6} J) drivers that perform with percent-level precision to fabricating targets with submicron specifications to measuring target performance at micron scale (10{sup {minus}6} m) with picosecond (10{sup {minus}12} s) time resolution. Over the past 30 years in attempting to meet this challenge, the inertial fusion community around the world has invented new technologies in lasers, particle beams, pulse power drivers, diagnostics, target fabrication, and other areas. These technologies have found applications in diverse fields of industry and science. Moreover, simply assembling the teams with the background, experience, and personal drive to meet the challenging requirements of inertial fusion has led to spin-offs in unexpected directions, for example, in laser isotope separation, extreme ultraviolet lithography for microelectronics, compact and inexpensive radars, advanced laser materials processing, and medical technology. The experience of inertial fusion research and development of spinning off technologies has not been unique to any one laboratory or country but has been similar in main research centers in the US, Europe, and Japan. Strengthening and broadening …
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Powell, H T
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-53 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-53

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a bond pricing attended by less than a quorum of the Texas Public Finance Authority Board of Director constitutes a meeting subject to the Open Meetings Act (RQ-0016)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-54 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-54

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Brewster County Attorney may simultaneously serve as an attorney for the City of Alpine (RQ-0041)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-55 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-55

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Harris Couty Auditor must audit the Harris County Department of Education; reconsideration of Letter Opinion No. 93-83 (1993) concerning reimbursement of county efor expenses of audit (RQ-991)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-56 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-56

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a constable may execute service of process to enforce the compulsory school attendance provisions of the Education Code (RQ-1147)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-57 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-57

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Notice requirements apllicable to executive session held to allow a governmental body to consult with its attorney under section 551.071 of the Government Code (RQ-1208)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-58 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JC-58

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John Cornyn, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; The effect of two 1997 amendments to section 34.06(b) of the Tax Code (RQ-0031)
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Value of the internet in emergency response. (open access)

Value of the internet in emergency response.

Can the Internet be of value in emergency response? The answer is yes, judging by its use in the Kobe earthquake in Japan in 1995, ice storms in the US and Canada in 1998, and other disasters. Current and future areas of application are numerous, including exchanging messages, documents, and data files via e-mail; accessing operational data on-line; visualizing events via photos and maps; providing backup communications in lieu of broadcast media, exchanging information between crisis managers and responders; and providing information to media and the public. However, the Internet has some drawbacks, such as hardware/software requirements, computer literacy requirements, traffic jams, dependence on power and communication networks, and risks to information integrity and security. This paper examines some of the advantages, drawbacks, concerns, and potential uses of the Internet for emergency response.
Date: May 26, 1999
Creator: Herzenberg, C. L.; Newsom, D. E. & Swietlik, C. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
15.4% CuIn1-XGaXSe2-Based Photovoltaic Cells from Solution-Based Precursor Films (open access)

15.4% CuIn1-XGaXSe2-Based Photovoltaic Cells from Solution-Based Precursor Films

We have fabricated 15.4%- and 12.4%-efficient CuIn1-XGaXSe2 (CIGS)-based photovoltaic devices from solution-based electrodeposition (ED) and electroless-deposition (EL) precursors. As-deposited precursors are Cu-rich CIGS. Additional In, Ga, and Se are added to the ED and EL precursor films by physical vapor deposition (PVD) to adjust the final film composition to CuIn1-XGaXSe2. The ED and EL device parameters are compared with those of a recent world record, an 18.8%-efficient PVD device. The tools used for comparison are current voltage, capacitance voltage, and spectral response characteristics.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Bhattacharya, R. N.; Batchelor, W.; Contreras, M. A.; Noufi, R. N. (National Renewable Energy Laboratory); Hiltner, J. F. & Sites, J. R. (Department of Physics, Colorado State University)
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Calculation of unmitigated release from reverse circulation drilling of a borehole three meters south of borehole 41-15-09 near SST 241-SX-115 (open access)

Calculation of unmitigated release from reverse circulation drilling of a borehole three meters south of borehole 41-15-09 near SST 241-SX-115

It is known that underground, single shell tank (SST) 241-SX-115 leaked 50,000 gallons of contaminated liquid to the soil. Now there is a campaign to more fully characterize the plume from that leak. To determine radionuclide concentrations in the vadose zone, boring into the soil and collecting samples of it are needed. It was decided to bore a new hole 3 m (9.8 ft) from existing borehole number 41-15-09, located near the south edge of the tank. Drilling and sampling will be done with the use of reverse circulation drilling, which uses compressed air to power the drill bit and sweep out drillings into separation and sampling equipment. Prior to drilling, however, it was determined that safety assessment calculations were needed to find out if postulated releases from the drilling would pose unacceptable risk to onsite and offsite receptors. Unacceptable risk would require the design and construction of safety significant equipment for prevention or mitigation of the release.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: SCOTT, D.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Charged Local Defects in Extended Systems (open access)

Charged Local Defects in Extended Systems

The conventional approach to treating charged defects in extended systems in first principles calculations is via the supercell approximation using a neutralizing jellium background charge. I explicitly demonstrate shortcomings of this standard approach and discuss the consequences. Errors in the electrostatic potential surface over the volume of a supercell are shown to be comparable to a band gap energy in semiconductor materials, for cell sizes typically used in first principles simulations. I present an alternate method for eliminating the divergence of the Coulomb potential in supercell calculations of charged defects in extended systems that embodies a correct treatment of the electrostatic potential in the local viciniq of the a charged defect, via a mixed boundary condition approach. I present results of first principles calculations of charged vacancies in NaCl that illustrate the importance of polarization effects once an accurate representation of the local potential is obtained. These polarization effects, poorly captured in small supercells, also impact the energetic on the scale of typical band gap energies.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Schultz, Peter A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coulomb Driven New Bound States at the Integer Quantum Hall States in GaAs/Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As Single Heterojunctions (open access)

Coulomb Driven New Bound States at the Integer Quantum Hall States in GaAs/Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As Single Heterojunctions

Coulomb driven, magneto-optically induced electron and hole bound states from a series of heavily doped GaAs/Al<sub>0.3</sub>Ga<sub>0.7</sub>As single heterojunctions (SHJ) are revealed in high magnetic fields. At low magnetic fields ({nu} >2), the photohuninescence spectra display Shubnikov de-Haas type oscillations associated with the empty second subband transition. In the regime of the Landau filling factor {nu} <1 and 1< {nu} <2, we found strong bound states due to Mott type Vocalizations. Since a SHJ has an open valence band structure, these bound states area unique property of the dynamic movement of the valence holes in strong magnetic fields.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Jiang, H. W.; Kim, Yongmin; Lee, Kyu-Seok; Lee, X.; Munteanu, F. M.; Perry, C. H. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Drug Control: Customs Can Do More To Prevent Drug-Related Employee Corruption (open access)

Drug Control: Customs Can Do More To Prevent Drug-Related Employee Corruption

A statement of record issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the Customs Service's efforts to combat drug-related corruption, focusing on: (1) the extent to which Customs has complied with policies and procedures for ensuring employee integrity; (2) an identification of the types of illegal drug-related activities of which Customs employees on the Southwest Border have been convicted; (3) an identification of the Department of the Treasury's organizational structures, policies, and procedures for handling allegations of drug-related employee misconduct and whether the policies and procedures were followed; and (4) the extent to which lessons learned from corruption cases closed in fiscal years 1992 through 1997 have led to changes in policies and procedures for preventing the drug-related corruption of Customs employees."
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of He{sup +} ion implantation on optical and structural properties of MgAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} (open access)

Effects of He{sup +} ion implantation on optical and structural properties of MgAl{sub 2}O{sub 4}

Single crystals of magnesium-aluminate spinel were implanted with 170 keV He{sup +} ions to fluences ranging from 1 x 10{sup 16}--1 x 10{sup 21} ions/m{sup 2} at 120 K. The effects of ion implantation were studied using optical absorption spectroscopy, Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy and Ion Channeling (RBS/C) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). In absorption spectra obtained from the implanted samples, growth of an F-center band at 5.3 eV was observed. At the fluence of 3 x 10{sup 20} ions/m{sup 2}, the growth of this band not only ceases but the intensity suddenly decreases. This may be due to formation of a new phase at this fluence. This is partially confirmed by the fact that beginning at this dose, a modulated absorbance becomes apparent in the absorption spectrum of spinel. This effect is caused by formation of a buried layer with refraction index lower than that of an unimplanted sample. RBS/C and TEM measurements show that spinel is not amorphized over the fluence range examined in this study. TEM microdiffraction observations show that in the damaged region the intensities of superlattice spots decrease significantly, suggesting that ion beam irradiation induces either an order-disorder phase transition or a transformation into the so-called …
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Afanasyev-Charkin, I. V.; Cooke, D. W.; Gritsyna, V. T.; Ishimaru, M. & Sickafus, K. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gamma-ray array physics. (open access)

Gamma-ray array physics.

In this contribution I am going to discuss the development of large arrays of Compton Suppressed, High Purity Germanium (HpGe) detectors and the physics that has been, that is being, and that will be done with them. These arrays and their science have dominated low-energy nuclear structure research for the last twenty years and will continue to do so in the foreseeable future. John Sharpey Schafer played a visionary role in convincing a skeptical world that the development of these arrays would lead to a path of enlightenment. The extent to which he succeeded can be seen both through the world-wide propagation of ever more sophisticated devices, and through the world-wide propagation of his students. I, personally, would not be working in research if it were not for Johns inspirational leadership. I am eternally grateful to him. Many excellent reviews of array physics have been made in the past which can provide detailed background reading. The review by Paul Nolan, another ex-Sharpey Schafer student, is particularly comprehensive and clear.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Lister, C. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrazine N Source for Growth of GaInNAs for Solar Cells (open access)

Hydrazine N Source for Growth of GaInNAs for Solar Cells

We evaluate hydrazine (Hy) as a nitrogen precursor source for the growth of GaNAs and GaInNAs for application in 1-eV solar cells lattice-matched to GaAs, and compare it to the more commonly used dimethylhydrazine (DMHy). The incorporation efficiency of N into the GaNAs alloy is found to be one to two orders of magnitude higher with Hy than with DMHy. This high N incorporation makes convenient the growth of GaNAs at higher growth temperatures, Tg=650 C, and arsine flows, AsH3/III=44, than are generally possible with the use of DMHy. GaInNAs and GaNAs solar cells are grown under these growth conditions and compared to a GaAs cell grown under the same conditions to determine the extent to which the poor minority-carrier properties routinely observed for the N-containing material can be attributed to the growth conditions. Finally, the background carrier concentrations for Hy- and DMHy-grown material are compared, and little difference is found between the two sources..
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Friedman, D. J.; Geisz, G. F.; Kurtz, S. R.; Norman, A. G. (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) & Yeh, Y. C. M. (TECSTAR, Inc.)
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
In-Plane Magnetic Field Effect on the Transport Properties in a Quasi-3D Quantum Well Structure (open access)

In-Plane Magnetic Field Effect on the Transport Properties in a Quasi-3D Quantum Well Structure

The transport properties of a quasi-three-dimensional, 200 layer quantum well structure are investigated at integer filling in the quantum Hall state. We find that the transverse magnetoresistance R<sub>xx</sub>, the Hall resistance R<sub>xy</sub>, and the vertical resistance R<sub>zz</sub> all follow a similar behavior with both temperature and in-plane magnetic field. A general feature of the influence of increasing in-plane field B<sub>in</sub> is that the Hall conductance quantization first improves, but above a characteristic value B<sup>C</sup><sub>in</sub>, the quantization is systematically removed. We consider the interplay of the chid edge state transport and the bulk (quantum Hall) transport properties. This mechanism may arise from the competition of the cyclotron energy with the superlattice band structure energies. A comparison of the resuIts with existing theories of the chiral edge state transport with in-plane field is also discussed.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Brooks, J.; Clark, R.; Lumpkin, N.; O'Brien, J.; Reno, J.; Simmons, J. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
An indirect sensing technique for diesel fuel quantity control. Final report (open access)

An indirect sensing technique for diesel fuel quantity control. Final report

None
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: MacCarley, C. Arthur
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic Field Induced Charged Exciton Studies in a GaAs/Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As Single Heterojunction (open access)

Magnetic Field Induced Charged Exciton Studies in a GaAs/Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As Single Heterojunction

The magnetophotoluminescence (MPL) behavior of a GaAs/Al<sub>0.3</sub>Ga<sub>0.7</sub>As single heterojunction has been investigated to 60T. We observed negatively charged singlet and triplet exciton states that are formed at high magnetic fields beyond the {nu}=l quantum Hall state. The variation of the charged exciton binding energies are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. The MPL transition intensities for these states showed intensity variations (maxima and minima) at the {nu}=l/3 and 1/5 fractional quantum Hall (FQH) state as a consequence of a large reduction of electron-hole screening at these filling factors.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Kim, Yongmin; Munteanu, F. M.; Perry, C. H.; Reno, J. L.; Rickel, D. G. & Simmons, J. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metrological Challenges of Synchrotron Radiation Optics (open access)

Metrological Challenges of Synchrotron Radiation Optics

Modern third generation storage rings, require state-of-the-art grazing incidence x-ray optics, in order to monochromate the Synchrotrons Radiation (SR) source photons, and focus them into the experimental stations. Slope error tolerances in the order of 0.5 {micro}Rad RMS, and surface roughness well below 5 {angstrom} RMS, are frequently specified for mirrors and gratings exceeding 300 mm in length. Non-contact scanning instruments were developed, in order to characterize SR optical surfaces, of spherical and aspherical shape. Among these, the Long Trace Profiler (LTP), a double pencil slope measuring interferometer, has proved to be particularly reliable, and was adopted by several SR optics metrology laboratories. The ELETTRA soft x-rays and optics metrology laboratory, has operated an LTP since 1992. We review the basic operating principles of this instrument, and some major instrumental and environmental improvements, that were developed in order to detect slope errors lower than 1 {micro}Rad RMS on optical surfaces up to one metre in length. A comparison among measurements made on the same reference flat, by different interferometers (most of them were LTPs) can give some helpful indications in order to optimize the quality of measurement.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Sostero, G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Photoluminescence Detected Doublet Structure in the Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Regime (open access)

Photoluminescence Detected Doublet Structure in the Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Regime

We present here the results of polarized magneto-photoluminescence measurements on a high mobility single-heterojunction. The presence of a doublet structure over a large magnetic field range (2>v>l/6) is interpreted as possible evidence for the existence of a magneto-roton minima of the charged density waves. This is understood as an indication of strong electronic correlation even in the case of the IQHE limit.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Kim, Yongmin; Munteanu, F. M.; Perry, C. H.; Reno, J. L.; Rickel, D. G. & Simmons, J. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radiological considerations for top-up operation of the storage ring. (open access)

Radiological considerations for top-up operation of the storage ring.

Radiological considerations for the operation of the storage ring prior to top-up operation have been discussed in the document (MOE 94). This document was prepared to serve as the technical basis for the hazard analysis considerations and the statements in the APS Safety Assessment Document (SAD) dealing with shielding adequacy and other radiological considerations. The methodology used in that document and, subsequently, in the analysis of hazards from the low-energy undulator test line (MOE 98) was also used for shielding analysis and dose determinations in this document. The hazards and potential consequences of storage ring (SR) operation covered in (MOE 94) still apply to non-top-up operations of the SR. Two additional issues relevant to top-up operation, which give rise to potential radiological considerations, are (1) the possible use of the vertical scraper in the booster-to-storage ring (BTS) line to control the amount of charge that is being delivered to the storage ring, and (2) the potential accident situations, which give rise to radiation doses to individuals on the experiment hall floor and SR roof. By introducing the scraper, a portion of the beam produces a shower in the tungsten scraper, which leads to radiation fields on the top of the …
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: Moe, H. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Secondary Low-Level Waste Treatment Strategy Analysis (open access)

Secondary Low-Level Waste Treatment Strategy Analysis

The objective of this analysis is to identify and review potential options for processing and disposing of the secondary low-level waste (LLW) that will be generated through operation of the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR). An estimate of annual secondary LLW is generated utilizing the mechanism established in ''Secondary Waste Treatment Analysis'' (Reference 8.1) and ''Secondary Low-Level Waste Generation Rate Analysis'' (Reference 8.5). The secondary LLW quantities are based on the spent fuel and high-level waste (HLW) arrival schedule as defined in the ''Controlled Design Assumptions Document'' (CDA) (Reference 8.6). This analysis presents estimates of the quantities of LLW in its various forms. A review of applicable laws, codes, and standards is discussed, and a synopsis of those applicable laws, codes, and standards and their impacts on potential processing and disposal options is presented. The analysis identifies viable processing/disposal options in light of the existing laws, codes, and standards, and then evaluates these options in regard to: (1) Process and equipment requirements; (2) LLW disposal volumes; and (3) Facility requirements.
Date: May 25, 1999
Creator: LaRue, D.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library