Full waveform inversion of seismic data is a challenging subject partly because of the lack of precise knowledge of the source. Since currently available approaches involve some form of approximations to the source, inversion results are subject to the quality and the choice of the source information used. A new full waveform inversion scheme has been introduced (Lee and Kim, 2003) using normalized wavefield for simple two-dimensional (2-D) scalar problems. The method does not require source information, so potential inversion errors due to source estimation may be eliminated. A gather of seismic traces is first Fourier-transformed into the frequency domain and a normalized wavefield is obtained for each trace in the frequency domain. Normalization is done with respect to the frequency response of a reference trace selected from the gather, so the complex-valued normalized wavefield is source-independent and dimensionless. The inversion algorithm minimizes misfits between measured normalized wavefield and numerically computed normalized wavefield. In this paper the full waveform inversion is extended to three-dimensional (3-D) problems.

Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, also known as the Tri-Party Agreement Milestone M-89-05 requires US Department of Energy, Richland Operations Office to complete a 324 Building Special Case Waste Assessment in Support of the 324 Building Closure. This document has been prepared with the intent of meeting this regulatory commitment. Alternatives for the Special Case Wastes located in the 324 Building were defined and analyzed. Based on the criteria of safety, environmental, complexity of interfaces, risk, cost, schedule, and long-term operability and maintainability, the best alternative was chosen. Waste packaging and transportation options are also included in the recommendations. The waste disposition recommendations for the B-Cell dispersibles/tank heels and High-Level Vault packaged residuals are to direct them to the Plutonium Uranium Extraction Facility (PUREX) Number 2 storage tunnel.

A Mono-Energetic Gamma-Ray (MEGa-Ray) Compton scattering light source is being developed at LLNL in collaboration with SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The electron beam for the Compton scattering interaction will be generated by a X-band RF gun and a X-band LINAC at the frequency of 11.424 GHz. High power RF in excess of 500 MW is needed to accelerate the electrons to energy of 250 MeV or greater for the interaction. Two high power klystron amplifiers, each capable of generating 50 MW, 1.5 msec pulses, will be the main high power RF sources for the system. These klystrons will be powered by state of the art solid-state high voltage modulators. A RF pulse compressor, similar to the SLED II pulse compressor, will compress the klystron output pulse with a power gain factor of five. For compactness consideration, we are looking at a folded waveguide setup. This will give us 500 MW at output of the compressor. The compressed pulse will then be distributed to the RF gun and to six traveling wave accelerator sections. Phase and amplitude control are located at the RF gun input and additional control points along the LINAC to allow for parameter control during operation. This high …

This project is in its first full year after the combining of two previously funded projects: ''3D Code Development'' and ''Dynamic Material Properties''. The motivation behind this move was to emphasize and strengthen the ties between the experimental work and the computational model development in the materials area. The next year's activities will indicate the merging of the two efforts. The current activity is structured in two tasks. Task A, ''Simulations and Measurements'', combines all the material model development and associated numerical work with the materials-oriented experimental activities. Task B, ''ALE3D Development'', is a continuation of the non-materials related activities from the previous project.

Savannah River Site (SRS) monitors groundwater quality at the F-Area Hazardous Waste management Facility (HWMF) and provides results of this monitoring to the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) semiannually as required by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) permit. SRS also performs monthly sampling of the Wastewater Treatment Unit (WTU) effluent in accordance with Section C of the Underground Injection Control (UIC) application.

Success in the application of the action and phase analysis to find linear errors at RHIC Interaction Regions [1] has encouraged the creation of a technique based on the action and phase analysis to find non linear errors. In this paper we show the first attempt to measure the sextupole components at RHIC interaction regions using the action and phase method. Experiments done by intentionally activating sextupoles in RHIC and in SPS [2] will also be analyzed with this method. First results have given values for the sextupole errors that at least have the same order of magnitude as the values found by an alternate technique during the RHIC 2001 run [3].

The T Plant facilities in the 200-West Area of the Hanford site were constructed in the early 1940s to produce nuclear materials in support of national defense activities. T Plant includes the 271-T facility, the 221-T facility, and several support facilities (eg, 2706-T), utilities, and tanks/piping systems. T Plant has been recommended as the primary interim decontamination facility for the Hanford site. Project W-259 will provide capital upgrades to the T Plant facilities to comply with Federal and State of Washington environmental regulations for secondary containment and leak detection. This document provides an advanced conceptual design concept that complies with functional requirements for the T Plant Secondary Containment and Leak Detection upgrades.

None

In support of Compton scattering gamma-ray source efforts at LLNL, a multi-bunch test stand is being developed to investigate accelerator optimization for future upgrades. This test stand will enable work to explore the science and technology paths required to boost the current 10 Hz monoenergetic gamma-ray (MEGa-Ray) technology to an effective repetition rate exceeding 1 kHz, potentially increasing the average gamma-ray brightness by two orders of magnitude. Multiple bunches must be of exceedingly high quality to produce narrow-bandwidth gamma-rays. Modeling efforts will be presented, along with plans for a multi-bunch test stand at LLNL. The test stand will consist of a 5.5 cell X-band rf photoinjector, single accelerator section, and beam diagnostics. The photoinjector will be a high gradient standing wave structure, featuring a dual feed racetrack coupler. The accelerator will increase the electron energy so that the emittance can be measured using quadrupole scanning techniques. Multi-bunch diagnostics will be developed so that the beam quality can be measured and compared with theory. Design will be presented with modeling simulations, and layout plans.

As one of the most critical system for RHIC operation, the beam abort kicker system has to be highly available, reliable, and stable for the entire operating range. Along with the RHIC commission and operation, consistent efforts have been spend to cope with immediate issues as well as inherited design issues. Major design changes have been implemented to achieve the higher operating voltage, longer high voltage hold-off time, fast retriggering and redundant triggering, and improved system protection, etc. Recent system test has demonstrated for the first time that both blue ring and yellow ring beam abort systems have achieved more than 24 hours hold off time at desired operating voltage. In this paper, we report break down, thyratron reverse arcing, and to build a fast re-trigger system to reduce beam spreading in event of premature discharge.

In this paper we will describe a data acquisition system designed and developed for the AGS Booster. The system was motivated by the need to get high quality beam diagnostics from the AGS Booster. This was accomplished by locating the electronics and digital data acquisition close to the Booster ring, to minimize loss of bandwidth in the original signals. In addition we had to develop the system rapidly and at a low cost. The system consists of a Lecroy digital oscilloscope which is interfaced through a National Instruments LabView{trademark} server application, developed for this project. This allows multiple client applications to time share the scope without interfering with each other. We will present a description of the system design along with example clients that we have implemented.

The previous slow beam extraction electro static septum in the AGS was designed in 1981. Research documented at the Fermi Laboratory was used as the base line for this design. The septum consisted of a ground plane of .002 inch diameter wire tungsten-rhenium alloy (75%W 25%Re) with a hollow welded titanium cathode assembly. The vacuum chamber is stationary and the septum is moved with a pair of high vacuum linear feed throughs. After years of beam time, the frequency of failures increased. The vacuum system design was poor by today's standards and resulted in long pump down times after repairs. The failures ranged from broken septum wires to a twisted cathode. In addition to the failures, the mechanical drive system had too much backlash, making the operating position difficult to repeat. The new septum needed to address all of these issues in order to become a more reliable septum.

N/A

It has been proposed to upgrade the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) accelerator complex at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to provide an average proton beam power of 1 MW at the energy of 28 GeV. The facility is to be primarily used as a proton driver for the production of intense neutrino beams [l]. This paper reports on the feasibility study of a proton Super-Conducting Linac (SCL) as a new injector to the AGS. The Linac beam energy is 1.3 GeV. The beam intensity is adjusted to provide the required average beam power of 1 MW at 28 GeV. The repetition rate of the SCL-AGS facility is 2.5 beam pulses per second.

Ophir Corporation was awarded a contract by the U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory under the Project Title ''Airborne, Optical Remote Sensing of Methane and Ethane for Natural Gas Pipeline Leak Detection'' on October 14, 2002. The third six-month technical report contains a summary of the progress made towards finalizing the design and assembling the airborne, remote methane and ethane sensor. The vendor has been chosen and is on contract to develop the light source with the appropriate linewidth and spectral shape to best utilize the Ophir gas correlation software. Ophir has expanded upon the target reflectance testing begun in the previous performance period by replacing the experimental receiving optics with the proposed airborne large aperture telescope, which is theoretically capable of capturing many times more signal return. The data gathered from these tests has shown the importance of optimizing the fiber optic receiving fiber to the receiving optic and has helped Ophir to optimize the design of the gas cells and narrowband optical filters. Finally, Ophir will discuss remaining project issues that may impact the success of the project.

This report talks about the Alignment of the High Beta Magnets in the RHIC Interaction Regions

One of the critical issues for the development of Laser Wake Field Acceleration (LWFA), which has the promise of creating table-top, GeV accelerators, is the loading of beamlets into the accelerating buckets. All optical injection schemes, which include LILAC, beat-wave colliding pulse injection, wave breaking injection, and phase-kick injection, provide a technique for doing so. Although a single bunch can have desirable properties such as energy spread of the order of a few percent, femtosecond duration k and low emittance (<1 mm-mrad), recent simulations show that such methods lead to efficiencies of transfer of plasma wave energy to beam energy that are low compared with conventional RF accelerators when only a single pulse is generated. Our latest simulations show that one can improve on this situation through the generation of a beamlet train. This can occur naturally through phase-kick injection at the front of the train and transverse wave breaking for the trailing pulses. The result is an efficiency improvement of the order of the number of beamlets in the train.

A project to develop an all Niobium Superconducting RF Gun is underway at Brookhaven National Laboratory in collaboration with Advanced Energy Systems. The geometry of the gun requires that the power input and the pickup probes are on the same side of the cavity, which causes direct coupling between them, or crosstalk. At room temperature, the crosstalk causes serious distortion of the RF response. This paper addresses the phenomenon, the analysis and the simulation results as well as the measurements. A method is provided on how to extract the desired information from the confusing signal and allow accurate measurements of the coupling between the probes and the cavity.

This paper contains three analytical solutions of transport problems which can be used to test ray-effect errors in the numerical solutions of the Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE). We derived the first two solutions and the third was shown to us by M. Prasad [2]. Since this paper is intended to be an internal LLNL report, no attempt was made to find the original derivations of the solutions in the literature in order to cite the authors for their work. Before we embarked on this project, the only analytical solution known to us which could serve as a diagnostic test for ray-effects is the solution of an isotropic point source in a homogeneous non-scattering medium. However this solution is not an accurate test, because a point source is difficult to represent numerically. Thus it is useful for testing purposes to have an analytical solution of a localized volume source. The sources in the three problems below are isotropic spheres centered at the origin. Since ray-effect oscillations are the most pronounced for the transport in a vacuum (because the oscillations are not damped out by absorption), the absorption is set to zero in the regions exterior of the sources in the three …

The interpretation of the dimensional instability of U- Zr alloy containing small amounts of boron has raised the question of whether the observed low-temperature swelling can be related to the temperatureswelling characteristics of either the U-Zr alloy or Zr- B alloys by themselves. To obtain such information on the Zr--B system to compare with the more detailed study of thc alloy early results of which were reported in KAPL-1562, pieces of previously irradiated Zr- B alloys and dispersions were annealed in vacuum at temperatures between 350 and 750 C. (auth)

Automatic differentiation (AD) is a way to accurately and efficiently compute derivatives of a function written in computer codes. We describe the procedures necessary to apply the AD method to the multiphase, multicomponent, nonisothermal flow simulator TOUGH2. In particular, we apply the AD method to the ECO2 module of the TOUGH2 code to explore a scheme for efficiently calculating the Jacobian matrix, which is required by the Newton-Raphson method for handling the nonlinearities arising at each iteration. The ECO2 module allows TOUGH2 to accurately simulate CO2 sequestration in aquifers. The robustness and efficiency of the AD-generated derivative codes are compared to the conventional derivative computation approach based on first-order finite differences (FD). Our result with the test problem set indicates that the AD-generated derivative code could improve the convergence behavior in the linear solution step, taking less computational time to compute one linear matrix system.

This document identifies, at a high-level, the Hanford SNF Project systems, structures, and components and activities that must implement to some degree the OCRWM QARD requirements to ensure compliance with RL direction. This document will also be used to support development of a QARD requirements matrix for the implementation of QARD requirements.

The production of high-quality ternary single-crystal materials for radiation detectors has progressed over the past 15 years. One of the more common materials being studied is CdZnTe (CZT), which can be grown using several methods to produce detector-grade materials. The work presented herein examines the effects of environmental conditions including temperature and humidity on detector performance [full-width at half-maximum (FWHM)] using the single pixel with guard detector configuration. The effects of electrical probe placement, reproducibility, and aging are also presented.

In this paper we present an approach that facilitates the validation of high consequence system requirements. This approach consists of automatically generating a graphical representation from an informal document. Our choice of a graphical notation is statecharts. We proceed in two steps: we first extract a hierarchical decomposition tree from a textual description, then we draw a graph that models the statechart in a hierarchical fashion. The resulting drawing is an effective requirements assessment tool that allows the end user to easily pinpoint inconsistencies and incompleteness.