Medicare: Financing the Part A Hospital Insurance Program (open access)

Medicare: Financing the Part A Hospital Insurance Program

This report discusses Medicare, which consists of two distinct parts — Part A (Hospital Insurance (HI)) and Part B (Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI)). Part A is financed primarily through payroll taxes levied on current workers and their employers. Income from these taxes is credited to the HI trust fund. Part B is financed through a combination of monthly premiums paid by current enrollees and general revenues. Income from these sources is credited to the SMI trust fund.
Date: May 5, 1998
Creator: O'Sullivan, Jennifer
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tobacco Issues: National Public Opinion (open access)

Tobacco Issues: National Public Opinion

None
Date: May 14, 1998
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tobacco Marketing and Advertising Restrictions in S. 1415, 105th Congress: First Amendment Issues (open access)

Tobacco Marketing and Advertising Restrictions in S. 1415, 105th Congress: First Amendment Issues

None
Date: May 15, 1998
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: A Concise History of Negotiations and Chronology of Major Activities Preceding the 1992 U.N. Framework Convention (open access)

Global Climate Change: A Concise History of Negotiations and Chronology of Major Activities Preceding the 1992 U.N. Framework Convention

This report discusses the ongoing international policy debate regarding Global Climate Change and U.S. involvement in the issue of global climate change.The report provides an historical context of the current debate, which is important in understanding the fundamental issues about global climate change.
Date: May 5, 1998
Creator: Morrissey, Wayne A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Crime Control Assistance Through the Byrne Programs (open access)

Crime Control Assistance Through the Byrne Programs

The statute provides that states receive and distribute block grant funds and that the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) of the U.S. Department of Justice awards discretionary grants for specified activities. Allocated largely on the basis of population, block grant funds are used for personnel, equipment, training, technical assistance, and information systems to improve criminal justice systems.
Date: May 20, 1998
Creator: Laney, Garrine P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Supplemental Appropriations and Rescissions for FY1998 (open access)

Supplemental Appropriations and Rescissions for FY1998

None
Date: May 4, 1998
Creator: Nowels, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Debt-Limit Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process (open access)

Debt-Limit Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process

The gross federal debt consists of the debt held by the public plus the debt held by government accounts. Almost all of the gross federal debt is subject to a public debt limit, as set forth in statute (31 U.S.C. 3101).This report considers legislation needed to change the public debt limit.
Date: May 8, 1998
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Consideration of the Budget Resolution (open access)

Consideration of the Budget Resolution

Consideration of a concurrent budget resolution is governed by special procedures in the House and Senate. Although the procedures of each chamber differ, they serve generally to expedite consideration of the budget resolution.
Date: May 29, 1998
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Budget Reconciliation Legislation: Development and Consideration (open access)

Budget Reconciliation Legislation: Development and Consideration

Budget reconciliation is an optional two-step process Congress may use to assure compliance with the direct spending, revenue, and debt-limit levels set forth in budget resolutions.
Date: May 30, 1998
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Proposed Tobacco Settlement: Effects on Prices, Smoking Behavior, and Income Distribution (open access)

The Proposed Tobacco Settlement: Effects on Prices, Smoking Behavior, and Income Distribution

None
Date: May 5, 1998
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Juveniles in the Adult Criminal Justice System: An Overview (open access)

Juveniles in the Adult Criminal Justice System: An Overview

None
Date: May 8, 1998
Creator: Cavanagh, M. Suzanne & Teasley, David
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Religious Freedom Amendment: H.J. Res. 78, As Reported by the House Judiciary Committee (open access)

The Religious Freedom Amendment: H.J. Res. 78, As Reported by the House Judiciary Committee

This report details the legislative, political, and legal contexts of H.J.Res 78 (Religious Freedom Amendment) and analyzes its legal effect.
Date: May 28, 1998
Creator: Ackerman, David M. & Sayler, James
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Legislative Powers of Congress: A Brief Reference Guide (open access)

Legislative Powers of Congress: A Brief Reference Guide

None
Date: May 13, 1998
Creator: Costello, George
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Special Rules and Waivers of House Rules (open access)

Special Rules and Waivers of House Rules

To the extent that a special rule is silent with respect to the terms for considering a measure, the standing rules of the House apply. The standing rules impose various limitations on consideration; however, it is not always in the interest of the House to observe these limitations. Therefore, special rules may sometimes include exemptions from one or more provisions of the standing rules, which appear in the form of waivers of those provisions.
Date: May 5, 1998
Creator: Saturno, James V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tracking Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Basic Sources (open access)

Tracking Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Basic Sources

This report is a guide to basic sources useful in tracking federal legislation and regulations. It has been prepared primarily for the use of constituents who wish to follow the federal government's legislative or regulatory activities at the local level. Brief annotations for the selected printed, telephone, electronic, and related sources describe their scope, focus, and frequency, include publisher contact information, and provide Internet addresses where available.
Date: May 7, 1998
Creator: Davis, Carol D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Revenue Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process (open access)

Revenue Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process

Most of the laws establishing the federal government's revenue sources are permanent and continue year after year without any additional legislative action. Congress, however, typically enacts revenue legislation, changing some portion of the existing tax system, every year. Revenue legislation may include changes to individual and corporate income taxes, social insurance taxes, excise taxes, or tariffs and duties. Congressional consideration of revenue legislation is governed by various constitutional provisions and procedural rules.
Date: May 18, 1998
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Congressional Budget Process Timetable (open access)

The Congressional Budget Process Timetable

The Congressional Budget Act (CBA) of 1974 (P.L. 93-344), as amended, establishes the congressional budget process, which coordinates the legislative activities on the budget resolution, appropriations bills, reconciliation legislation, revenue measures, and other budgetary legislation. Section 300 of this act provides a timetable (see Table 1) so that Congress may complete its work on the budget by the start of the fiscal year on October 1.
Date: May 18, 1998
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality: EPA's Proposed Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 216 Petitions - A Hazy Situation? (open access)

Air Quality: EPA's Proposed Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 216 Petitions - A Hazy Situation?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently engaged in a series of regulatory actions to address the transport of ozone pollution in the eastern United States. This report reviews this situation with respect to an EPA-proposed Ozone Transport Rule and other activities.
Date: May 14, 1998
Creator: Parker, Larry & Blodgett, John E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Research: A Primer on the Department of Defense's Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT and E) Program (open access)

Defense Research: A Primer on the Department of Defense's Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT and E) Program

This report describes the basic elements and issues of the Department of Defense's (DOD) Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) Program. It defines basic activities supported by the program, presents budget trends, discusses the management of program, and describes the infrastructure in which the program is implemented. This report is for staff new to the area of defense research and for senior staff interested in historical trends.
Date: May 5, 1998
Creator: Moteff, John D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
National Missile Defense: Status of the Debate (open access)

National Missile Defense: Status of the Debate

None
Date: May 29, 1998
Creator: Daggett, Stephen & Shuey, Robert
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Colombia: The Problem of Illegal Narcotics and U.S. - Colombian Relations (open access)

Colombia: The Problem of Illegal Narcotics and U.S. - Colombian Relations

The United States has long been concerned with Colombia as a major producer and trafficker of the illegal narcotics entering this country: first marijuana, then cocaine, and now also heroin. Colombia's drug trafficking business has been dominated by two cartels during the two decades in which cocaine trafficking became a major activity: first the Medellin cartel, which dominated during the 1980s and then the Cali cartel, which dominated during the early 1990s. With the arrests of the major Cali cartel leaders in the mid-1990s, independent traffickers have filled the void.
Date: May 11, 1998
Creator: Serafino, Nina M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance Reform: A Legal Analysis of Issue and Express Advocacy (open access)

Campaign Finance Reform: A Legal Analysis of Issue and Express Advocacy

Issue advocacy communications have become increasingly popular over the federal election cycles. Often these advertisements could be interpreted to favor or disfavor certain candidates, while also serving to inform the public about a policy issue. However, unlike communications that expressly advocate the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate, the Supreme Court has ruled that issue ads are constitutionally protected First Amendment speech and cannot be regulated.
Date: May 15, 1998
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel (open access)

Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel

None
Date: May 29, 1998
Creator: Holt, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electricity Restructuring Background: The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 and the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (open access)

Electricity Restructuring Background: The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 and the Energy Policy Act of 1992

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT) increased competition in the electric generating sector by creating new entities that can generate and sell electricity at wholesale without being regulated as utilities under PUHCA. PURPA began to shift more regulatory responsibilities to the federal government, and EPACT continued that shift away from the states by creating new options for utilities and regulators to meet electricity demand.
Date: May 4, 1998
Creator: Abel, Amy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library