This evaluation report draws on the results of Council surveys of Texas school district and post-secondary institutions conducted in 1989 and 1990, of regional round table discussions held across Texas in 1991 with public and private sector individuals, and of an analysis of state level data and information on the vocational education and JTPA system.

The past year continued to be extremely productive following up two major breakthroughs made in the preceding year. One of the breakthroughs was the derivation of an integral equation for time- dependent power spectra, which unified all the existing theories on seismic scattering including the radiative transfer theory for total energy and single-multiple scattering theories based on the ray approach. We successfully applied the method to the data from the USGS regional seismic arrays in central California, Long Valley and Island of Hawaii, and obtained convincing results on the scattering Q{sup {minus}1} and intrinsic Q{sup {minus}1} in these areas for the frequency range from 1 Hz to 20 Hz. The frequency dependence of scattering Q{sup {minus}1} is, then, interpreted in terms of random medium with continuous or discrete scatterers. The other breakthrough was the application of T-matrix formulation to the seismic scattering problem. We are currently working on 2-dimensional inclusions with high and low velocity contrast with the surrounding medium. In addition to the above two main lines of research, we were able to use so-called T-phase'' observed on the Island of Hawaii to map the Q value with a good spatial resolution. We found that we can eliminate remarkably …

A tunable, high-intensity picosecond dye laser system has been employed with electron energy analysis to investigate the dynamics of (3+1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of H{sub 2} via different vibrational levels of its B{sub 1}{Sigma}{sub u}{sup +} and C{sup 1}{Pi}{sub u} electronic states. We observe production of molecular ions in various vibrational levels, with a shift to increased population of lower vibrational states of H{sub 2}{sup +} consistent with the a.c. Stark shift of the correspondingly lower vibrational levels of the C state into resonance with the three- photon energy of the laser. Clear evidence of direct dissociation of H{sub 2} followed by single-photon ionization of the excited H atom is observed as well. Above threshold ionization of these two processes occurs readily. We also find that dissociative ionization is an increasingly important ionization pathway as the wavelength is increased. Finally, we see evidence of a new ionization pathway, which we assign to photoionization into a transient bound state created by the avoided crossing of the first repulsive electronic state of H{sub 2}{sup +}, {vert bar}2p{sigma}{sub u}, n{r angle}, with the single-photon-dressed ground state of H{sub 2}{sup +}, {vert bar}1s{sigma}{sub g},n + 1{r angle}. 6 refs., 2 figs.

The PAR-TEC 100, a particle size analyzer manufactured by Lasentec, Inc., is being evaluated as a sensor for in-line monitoring of fiber development during refining. The approach used is to beat softwood pulp in a Valley beater to produce a three point beater curve and to compare PAR-TEC measurements on those samples with Canadian Standard Freeness, Kajaani fiber length and coarseness, as well as tensile, wet tensile and tear strength. There is a very good positive correlation between PAR-TEC 100 scan counts mean size and tensile index; and a strong negative correlation to Canadian standard freeness, and Kajaani fiber length when evaluating Valley beater fiber development. There is a positive relation between the results of analyzing the individual Bauer-McNett fiber fractions with both the Kajaani 100 and PAR-TEC 100. These results indicate that the PAR-TEC 100 measures a complex value of fiber size, which under the correct circumstances is directly related to Kajaani arithmetic average fiber length. 16 figs.

This memorandum presents experimental data from electrochemical and immersion tests to support the continued use of two sections of nonconforming steel in the Supplementary Safety System. The Reactor Corrosion Mitigation Committee met on May 16, 1991 to evaluate materials that had been installed in the SSS. The materials lacked complete Corrosion Evaluation (CE) and/or Certified Mill Test Reports and had been installed during recent modifications (Project S-4332). Items that lacked proper documentation included AISI Type 304 stainless steel (304) instrument tubing (0.375`` OD) associated with the pressure transmitters and a two-foot section of 304 pipe located on the far side of the system downstream of the pneumatic valves. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization scans were performed on sensitized and solution-annealed 304 samples in as-mixed and acidified Gd(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}, or ``ink``, solutions at room temperature to determine the susceptibility of 304 to localized corrosion in this environment. No localized attack was observed on the solution annealed or sensitized 304 in the Gd(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} solution. These tests revealed no significant differences in the behavior of the sensitized and solution-annealed 304 in gadolinium nitrate solution. Therefore, localized corrosion of the nonconforming components is not anticipated, and the performance of the nonconforming components should …

This is the eighth quarterly report under DOE Contract No. DE-AC22-88PC88810, Development of Analytical Procedures for Coprocessing. The overall objective of the contract is to improve our understanding of the fundamental chemistry of coprocessing. This includes the evaluation of methods to distinguish between compound classes originating from coal versus those originating from petroleum resid. Techniques being evaluated include carbon isotope ratios and the variations in compound classes in response to changes in the coal/resid ratio in the feed. A final objective of this project is to provide detailed knowledge on the composition of coprocessing products. This report reviews the use of isotope ratios to determine the source of compound classes (e.g., acids, bases, neutrals, aromatics, saturates, etc.). Selective isotope fractionation is a complicating factor in the use of carbon isotope ratios to determine the source of coprocessing products. Other researchers have shown that through the use of appropriate correction factors to correct for this isotope selectivity, isotope ratios can be used to quantitatively determine the source of coprocessing fractions obtained by distillation. It is concluded in this report that although isotope ratios may provide qualitative information on the source of coprocessing compound classes, that the high degree of isotope selectivity …

Highlights of the Chemical Technology Division's activities during 1990, including electrochemical technology and advanced batteries and fuel cells, technology for coal-fired magnetohydrodynamics and fluidized-bed combustion, methods for recovery of energy from municipal waste, and techniques for treatment of hazardous organic waste, the reaction of nuclear waste glass and spent fuel under conditions expected for a high-level waste repository.

Data from nine instrumented meteorological towers at the MOD-2 wind turbine site at Goodnoe Hills in Washington State were analyzed to evaluate high-frequency perturbations, which were observed in the lower boundary-layer flow. Horizontal winds and temperature measurements for a period of 8 min, undisturbed by turbine operation, were available for this study. The data are in 1-s values from June 27, 1985. Throughout the study, departures from the mean for the period and for each sensor were used on area maps and on line-time and tower-time cross sections. Conventional streamline and isotach analyses were employed; they show highly organized flow fields with embedded perturbations traversing the site. Most of the flow fields have a well-developed vortical structure that reaches from the surface through the top level of the highest tower. These structures consist of a system of clockwise and counter-clockwise circulations. The wave length is about 500 to 600 m. Their wave speed is slightly greater than the mean wind speed and their movement is in the general direction of the mean flow. The results of the study show two main reasons why wind conditions and turbine power output in a wind farm may vary in a remarkable and abrupt …

The purpose of this research investigation was to develop an electronic coal water slurry injection system in conjunction with the Thermal Ignition Combustion System (TICS) concept to achieve autoignition of CWS at various engine load and speed conditions without external ignition sources. The combination of the new injection system and the TICS is designed to reduce injector nozzle spray orifice wear by lowering the peak injection pressure requirements. (VC)

The purpose of this research investigation was to develop an electronic coal water slurry injection system in conjunction with the Thermal Ignition Combustion System (TICS) concept to achieve autoignition of CWS at various engine load and speed conditions without external ignition sources. The combination of the new injection system and the TICS is designed to reduce injector nozzle spray orifice wear by lowering the peak injection pressure requirements. (VC)

A Monte Carlo code has been developed to simulate individual electron interactions. The code has been instrumental in determining the range of validity for the widely used condensed history method. This task was accomplished by isolating and testing the condensed history assumptions. The results show that the condensed history method fails for low energy electron transport due to inaccuracies in energy loss and spatial positioning. 19 refs., 21 figs., 1 tab.

Upon leaving the damping ring, the SLC beam passes through the Ring-to-Linac transfer line (RTL), the linac, and the arcs on its way to the collision point. In an earlier paper calculations of the longitudinal distributions of the lengthened damping ring beam were presented, calculations that agreed remarkably well with measurements. In this paper we propagate the damping ring distributions through the rest of the machine. Among the effects that are included in the calculations are the curvature of the compressor rf and the limited energy aperture in the RTL, the wakefields in the linac, and the momentum compaction in the arcs. 12 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

The multi-ampere currents required for high luminosity operation of an asymmetric B factory leads to extremely stressing requirements on a vacuum system suitable for maintaining long beam-gas lifetimes and acceptable background levels in the detector. We present the design for a Cu alloy vacuum chamber and its associated pumping system for the 9 GeV electron storage ring of the proposed B factory based on PEP. The excellent thermal and photo-desorption properties of Cu allows handling the high proton flux in a conventional, single chamber design with distributed ion pumps. The x-ray opacity of the Cu is sufficiently high that no additional lead shielding is necessary to protect the dipoles from the intense synchrotron radiation generated by the beam. The design allows chamber commissioning in <500 hr of operation. 5 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

The CEBAF accelerator contains approximately 2500 power supplies, 340 klystrons, and 800 beam monitors. The operation of such a complex machine requires a control system which can provide a high degree of automation with strong support by simulation and modeling programs.\nWe present the architecture and first results of a control system which allows one the use of identical operation procedures and interfaces for operation of the real accelerator and high-level accelerator simulation programs. The interfaces were developed using TACL (Thaumaturgic Automated Control Logic) control software, developed at CEBAF for accelerator control. This setup provides the capability to: (1) test and debug the various operation procedures before the completion of the accelerator, (2) execute machine simulations under realistic environmental conditions, and (3) preview and evaluate the effectiveness of operational procedures during run time. The optimized simulation program adds only two seconds to

PC-1D is a software package for personal computers that uses finite-element analysis to solve the fully-coupled two-carrier semiconductor transport equations in one dimension. This program is particularly useful for analyzing the performance of optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, but can be applied to any bipolar device whose carrier flows are primarily one-dimensional. This User's Guide provides the information necessary to install PC-1D, define a problem for solution, solve the problem, and examine the results. Example problems are presented which illustrate these steps. The physical models and numerical methods utilized are presented in detail. This document supports version 3.1 of PC-1D, which incorporates faster numerical algorithms with better convergence properties than previous versions of the program. 51 refs., 17 figs., 5 tabs.

Actinide-doped SRL 165 type glass was reacted in J-13 groundwater at 90{degrees}C for times up to 278 days. The reaction was characterized by both solution and solid analyses. The glass was seen to react nonstoichiometrically with preferred leaching of alkali metals and boron. High resolution electron microscopy revealed the formation of a complex layer structure which became separated from the underlying glass as the reaction progressed. The formation of the layer and its effect on continued glass reaction are discussed with respect to the current model for glass reaction used in the EQ3/6 computer simulation. It is concluded that the layer formed after 278 days is not protective and may eventually become fractured and generate particulates that may be transported by liquid water. 5 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.

Actinide-doped SRL 165 type glass was reacted in J-13 groundwater at 90{degree}C for times up to 278 days. The reaction was characterized by both solution and solid analyses. The glass was seen to react nonstoichiometrically with preferred leaching of alkali metals and boron. High resolution electron microscopy revealed the formation of a complex layer structure which became separated from the underlying glass as the reaction progressed. The formation of the layer and its effect on continued glass reaction are discussed with respect to the current model for glass reaction used in the EQ3/6 computer simulation. It is concluded that the layer formed after 278 days is not protective and may eventually become fractured and generate particulates that may be transported by liquid water. 5 refs., 5 figs. , 3 tabs.

A critical review and a reassessment of data reviewed in NCRP Report 106 on effects of hot particles'' on the skin of pigs, monkeys, and humans were made. Our analysis of the data of Forbes and Mikhail on effects from activated UC{sub 2} particles, ranging in diameter from 144 {mu}m to 328 {mu}m, led to the formulation of a new model for prediction of both the threshold for acute ulceration and for ulcer diameter. A dose of 27 Gy at a depth of 1.33 mm in tissue in this model will result in an acute ulcer with a diameter determined by the radius over which this dose (at 1.33-mm depth) extends. Application of the model to the Forbes-Mikhail data yielded a threshold'' (5% probability) of 6 {times} 10{sup 9} beta particles from a point source on skin of mixed fission product beta particles, or about 10{sup 10} beta particles from Sr--Y-90, since few of the Sr-90 beta particles reach this depth. The data of Hopewell et al. for their 1 mm Sr-Y-90 exposures were also analyzed with the above model and yielded a predicted threshold of 2 {times} 10{sup 10} Sr-Y-90 beta particles for a point source on skin. Dosimetry …

Cortest Columbus Technologies (CC Technologies) is investigating the long-term performance of container materials used for high-level radioactive waste packages. This information is being developed for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to aid in their assessment of the Department of Energy`s application to construct a geologic repository for disposal of high-level radioactive waste. This report summarizes the results of exposure studies performed on two copper-base and two Fe-Cr-Ni alloys in simulated Tuff Repository conditions. Testing was performed at 90{degrees}C in three environments; simulated J-13 well water, and two environments that simulated the chemical effects resulting from boiling and irradiation of the groundwater. Creviced specimens and U-bends were exposed to liquid, to vapor above the condensed phase, and to alternate immersion. A rod specimen was used to monitor corrosion at the vapor-liquid interface. The specimens were evaluated by electrochemical, gravimetric, and metallographic techniques following approximately 2000 hours of exposure. Results of the exposure tests indicated that all four alloys exhibited acceptable general corrosion rates in simulated J-13 well water. These rates decreased with time. Incipient pitting was observed under deposits on Alloy 825 and pitting was observed on both Alloy CDA 102 and Alloy CDA 715 in the simulated J-13 well water. No …

A software system for control of accelerator physics parameters of the Advanced Light Source (ALS) is being designed and implemented at LBL. Some of the parameters we wish to control are tunes, chromaticities, and closed orbit distortions as well as linear lattice distortions and, possibly, amplitude- and momentum-dependent tune shifts. In all our applications, the goal is to allow the user to adjust physics parameters of the machine, instead of turning knobs that control magnets directly. This control will take place via a highly graphical user interface, with both a model appropriate to the application and any correction algorithm running alongside as separate processes. Many of these applications will run on a Unix workstation, separate from the controls system, but communicating with the hardware database via Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs).

We have developed a method that uses an arbitrary symplectic tracking code to generate an exactly symplectic full-turn or multi-turn map. The map is obtained from a generating function, which is a finite Fourier series in the final angle coordinates, the Fourier coefficients being represented as a B-spline series in the initial action coordinates. We achieve fast iteration of this implicitly defined map, and good accuracy. As a first application, we treat a simplified model of arcs of the SSC. 5 refs., 1 fig.

The ability of existing analytical and numerical tools to predict beam performance at the short bunch lengths and high peak currents characteristic of contemporary accelerator designs is discussed. Recent advances in calculating the high frequency behavior of impedance and in describing bunched-beam collective dynamics are highlighted. A critical review is presented of outstanding problems that must be addressed before a thorough description of short, intense bunches is obtained.

The proposed asymmetric energy B Factory to be built in the PEP tunnel at SLAC will require a highly effective and profuse source of low emittance electron and positron bunches. The B factory will consist of two rings of equal size, a 9 GeV electron ring and a 3.1 GeV positron ring, each with 1658 bunches with total circulating currents of 1.5 and 2.1 amperes respectively. As the luminosity lifetime of the collider is expected to be about two hours, the injector should be capable of filling the rings in a small fraction of an hour. It turns out that with some simple modifications, the SLC linac with its damping rings and positron source is ideally suited to fulfill this function effectively. The overall injection system is described in this paper. 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Tracking studies of transition crossing in the Main Injector have shown that the Johnsen effect is the dominant cause of beam loss and emittance blow up. To suppress this effect one has to have control over {alpha}{sub 1} (dispersion of the momentum compaction factor {alpha}). Various {gamma}{sub t} jump configurations are examined and the resulting changes in {alpha}{sub 1} are assessed. These results are further validated by comparison between the simulation and simple analytic {alpha}{sub 1}--formulas derived for a model FODO lattice with full chromaticity compensation in the presence of an eddy current sextupole component. A scheme involving the introduction of a dispersion wave in the arcs of the Main Injector, around transition time, seems to be promising if one regards the strength of the eddy current sextupole family as an external knob'' to control values of {alpha}{sub 1}.