Polarimetry measurements of the Doppler-shifted H/sub ..cap alpha../ emission from a hydrogen neutral beam on the PBX-M tokamak have been employed in a novel technique for obtaining q(0) and poloidal magnetic field profiles. The electric field from the beam particle motion across the magnetic field (E = V/sub beam/ /times/ B) causes a wavelength splitting of several angstroms, and polarization of the emitted radiation (Stark effect). Viewed transverse to the fields, the emission is linearly polarized with the angle of polarization related to the direction of the magnetic field. 14 refs., 5 figs.

The Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) collides electrons and positrons produced in the linear accelerator pulse by pulse. The object is to produce collisions energetic enough to produce the heavy intermediate vector boson, the Z{sup 0}. An essential component of the SLC physics program is the precise knowledge of the center-of-mass energy of each interaction. We measure the energy of each collision by using two energy spectrometers. The spectrometers are located in extraction lines of each beam. We will measure the energy of each beam to 20 MeV or 5 parts in 10{sup 4}. We report here on the status of the energy spectrometer system. 13 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

Work continued on the basic mechanisms which underlie various processes for beneficiating aqueous suspensions of coal by selective agglomeration with oil. A new method was demonstrated for characterizing the agglomerability of coal suspensions. This method utilizes a photometric dispersion analyzer to monitor changes in the turbidity of a particle suspension as increasing amounts of oil are added to the suspension in a batch agglomeration test. Agglomeration of the particles leads to a marked decrease in the turbidity of the suspension. Another experimental technique was also demonstrated for characterizing oil agglomeration. This technique involves measuring the rate of growth of agglomerates in a continuous flow system operating under stead-state conditions. The data are analyzed by means of a population balance. The results of a preliminary set of experiments in which Indiana V seam coal was agglomerated with tetralin seemed to fit a particular growth model very well. Equipment was also constructed for studying the kinetics of agglomeration in a batch process. While earlier work showed that quebracho (a commercially available dispersant) is a strong agglomeration depressant for pyrite, recent experiments with mixtures of Upper Freeport coal and mineral pyrite showed that quebracho does not appear to be sufficiently selective. Further consideration …

The overall objective of this project is to provide a basic understanding of the principal processes that govern fine particulate formation in pulverized coal flames. This understanding is to be sued to develop a model (or models) which will predict the yield and size distribution of fine particulate matter as a function of coal type, coal processing, and combustion conditions. The goal of the model is to provide an engineering tool that will enable the practitioner to estimate the consequences of deign decisions and fuel selection on the fine particulate yield. The practitioner can then make rational decisions regarding the required technology and costs associated with effluent cleanup while still in the design phase.

The overall objective of this project is to provide a basic understanding of the principal processes that govern fine particulate formation in pulverized coal flames. This understanding is to be sued to develop a model (or models) which will predict the yield and size distribution of fine particulate matter as a function of coal type, coal processing, and combustion conditions. The goal of the model is to provide an engineering tool that will enable the practitioner to estimate the consequences of deign decisions and fuel selection on the fine particulate yield. The practitioner can then make rational decisions regarding the required technology and costs associated with effluent cleanup while still in the design phase.

This report provides a hazard-function model for estimating the risk of death from radiation pneumonitis and/or pulmonary fibrosis following a light-water nuclear power accident. A similar model is also provided for estimating the prevalence of respiratory functional morbidity among those that survive death from acute effects. Hazard-function models for lethality and for morbidity were constructed using the cumulative hazard estimator H, which is related to the risk estimator R through the equation R = 1-exp(-H). The estimator H can be calculated using information provided in the report. The method of calculation depends on the exposure scenario. In general, the total normalized dose X for lethality or for morbidity is calculated. For lethality, X = 1 corresponds to a median lethal dose (LD/sub 50/); for morbidity, X = 1 corresponds to a median effective dose (ED/sub 50/). H is related to X by the equation H = 1n(2)X/sup V/, where V depends on the type of radiation (or radiations) involved. Contributions to X can arise from each of two main modes of exposure: (1) brief exposure of the lung, at a relatively high dose rate, to mainly external gammas, followed by (2) chronic internal alpha, and/or beta, and/or gamma irradiation of …

Study groups throughout the world have recently been examining possible parameter choices for a TeV-class linear collider. In all cases, they have concluded that in order to achieve useful luminosity within plausible cost constraints, the opposing beams of electrons and positrons must be focused to extraordinarily small spots and steered into collision with an unprecedented degree of accuracy. Some means of monitoring these beam parameters will be essential in order to guide the focusing and steering. In this talk, examples will be presented which illustrate the nature of these new requirements, along with a discussion of the limitations of conventional techniques for monitoring such beams and some recent measurements from the SLAC Linear Collider that show how the next level of resolution in beam monitoring will be achieved. 19 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

The passage of the Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1987 (NWPAA) modified the basis from which the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) had derived and developed the configuration of major elements of the waste system (repository, monitored retrievable storage, and transportation). While the key aspects of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 remain unaltered, NWPAA provisions focusing site characterization solely at Yucca Mountain, authorizing a monitored retrievable storage (MRS) facility with specific linkages to the repository, and establishing an MRS Review Commission make it prudent for OCRWM to update its analysis of the role of the MRS in the overall waste system configuration. This report documents the differences in transportation costs and radiological dose under alternative scenarios pertaining to a nuclear waste management system with and without an MRS, to include the effect of various MRS packaging functions and locations. The analysis is limited to the impacts of activities related directly to the hauling of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), including the capital purchase and maintenance costs of the transportation cask system. Loading and unloading impacts are not included in this study because they are treated as facility costs in the other task reports. Transportation costs are …

In the design of high-luminosity colliders for high-energy physics, it has become clear that multibunch instabilities will be one of the primary effects that limit beam intensity, and hence luminosity. This paper reports on a series of calculations of multibunch growth rates, using the LBL accelerator physics code ZAP, that illustrate the seriousness of the effect for typical design parameters of a Tau-Charm Factory. A common feature of high-luminosity machines is the requirement of a small beta function at the interaction point. To maintain the advantages of a low beta function, however, requires that the rms bunch length, {sigma}{sub {ell}}, be smaller than {beta}*. This leads, in general, to several inconvenient aspects: (1) The requirement for short bunches leads to the need for a substantial amount of RF hardware-introducing just the narrow-band (high-Q) impedance that generates multibunch instabilities in the first place. (2) The need for short bunches means that bunch lengthening from the longitudinal microwave instability must be avoided. Since the longitudinal impedance Z{sub {parallel}}/n cannot be reduced indefinitely, there is a clear benefit to using many bunches, with lower current per bunch. (3) The short bunches have a Fourier spectrum extending up to very high frequencies, thus effectively …

Detached plasmas on TFTR have been heated with neutral beam auxiliary power for the first time. At beam powers above 2 MW the detached plasmas in TFTR expand and reattach to the limiters. Deuterium and/or impurity gas puffing can be used to maintain plasmas in the detached state at powers of over 5 MW. Transient events were observed in a number of these plasmas, including a confinement-related delay in evolution of the edge emissivity and some phenomena which appear similar to those seen in the H-mode. 16 refs., 5 figs.

The value of sin /sup 2//theta//sub W/ can be determined to /plus minus/0.002 /minus/ 0.004 by using the semileptonic decays of the K/sub L/to provide a beam of /nu//sub /mu// and /bar /nu///sub /mu// and measuring the ratio R/prime/ = /sigma/(/bar /nu///sub /mu//, NC)//sigma/(/nu//sub /mu//, NC). Systematic errors which have limited the world-average of previous /nu//sub /mu//N determinations of sin/theta//sub W/ to /plus minus/0.008 are largely eliminated. This experiment will determine the radiative corrections /Delta/r in /nu//sub /mu//N scattering to /plus minus/0.007 and in combination with W,Z mass measurements will provide precise tests of the Standard Model at the tree and one-loop level. 6 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.

We describe the latest version of the string model VENUS, taking also into account antiquarks as participants in the color exchange (string flip) process, the basic mechanism to form strings. An important consequence is a rapidity plateau for protons and lambdas in symmetric heavy ion collision contradicting the assumption of transparency. 10 refs., 7 figs.

Newsletter of the Texas Rehabilitation Commission discussing information about the Commission as well as news, events, and other relevant information.

This talk examines methods available to minimize, but never entirely eliminate, degradation of machine performance caused by terrain following. Breaking of planar machine symmetry for engineering convenience and/or monetary savings must be balanced against small performance degradation, and can only be decided on a case-by-case basis. 5 refs.

Efficient initiation of large-volume chemical lasers may be achieved by neutron induced reactions which produce charged particles in the final state. When a burst mode nuclear reactor is used as the neutron source, both a sufficiently intense neutron flux and a sufficiently short initiation pulse may be possible. Proof-of-principle experiments are planned to demonstrate lasing in a direct nuclear-pumped large-volume system; to study the effects of various neutron absorbing materials on laser performance; to study the effects of long initiation pulse lengths; to demonstrate the performance of large-scale optics and the beam quality that may be obtained; and to assess the performance of alternative designs of burst systems that increase the neutron output and burst repetition rate. 21 refs., 8 figs., 5 tabs.

The negative muonium ion (M/sup /minus//), which is the bound system of a positive muon and two electrons, has been produced and observed for the first time. Its counterpart H/sup /minus// is well known, and spectroscopy and collision studies with H/sup /minus// have yielded many fruitful results. Noteworthy are recent investigations of the photoionization of a relativistic H/sup /minus// beam. The negative positronium ion has also been formed and observed. The discovery of M/sup /minus// provides us with a new leptonic system for spectroscopy and collision studies, which may reveal interesting physics associated with mass effects. Since M/sup /minus// is a charged particle, it can also be used to produce a beam of exotic atoms with a small phase space. This dissertation is a detailed account of the observation of M/sup /minus//. 93 refs., 54 figs., 18 tabs.

The principle of profile consistency states that for fixed limiter safety factor q/sub a/, there exists unique natural equilibrium profile shapes for the current density j(r), and the electron temperature T/sub e/(r) for any tokamak plasma independent of the shapes of the heating power deposition profiles. The mathematical statement of the three basic consequences of this principle for sawtoothing discharges are: (r/sub 1//a) = F/sub 1/ (1/q/sub a/), <T/sub e/>/T/sub eo/ = F/sub 2/(1/q/sub a/), and a unique scaling law for the central electron temperature T/sub eo/, where r/sub 1/ is the sawtooth inversion radius and <T/sub e/> is the volume average T/sub e/. Since for a given T/sub e/(r), the ohmic current j(r) can be deduced from Ohm's law, given the function F/sub 1/, the function F/sub 2/ is uniquely fixed and vice versa. Also given F/sub 1/(1/q/sub a/), the central current density j/sub o/ = (V/sub L//2..pi..bRZ/sub eff/) T/sub eo//sup 3/2/ = (I/sub p//..pi..a/sup 2/) F/sub 3/(q/sub a/), where the function F/sub 3/ = (q/sub a//q/sub o/) is uniquely fixed by F/sub 1/. Here b approx. 6.53 /times/ 10/sup 3/ ln..lambda.., and I/sub p/, V/sub L/, Z/sub eff/, R, a, and q/sub o/ are the plasma current, loop …

Optimum launch parameters are determined for localized electron-cyclotron current drive near the magnetic axis and the q=2 surface by solving several minimization problems. For central current drive, equatorial and bottom launch are compared. Localized current drive near q=2 is studied for equatorial launch and for an alternative outside launch geometry that may be better for suppressing tearing modes and controlling disruptions. 6 refs., 2 figs.

The Online and Data Acquisition software groups at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory have extended the VAXONLINE data acquisition package to include a VME based data path. The resulting environment, PAN-DA, provides a high throughput for logging, filtering, formatting and selecting events. 10 refs., 1 fig.

This report summarizes the environmental monitoring program at Pantex plant for 1988. This report presents monitoring data for both radioactive and non-radioactive species in the local environment. Plant activities involve the handling of significant quantities of uranium, plutonium and tritium in the form of completed parts received from other DOE (Department of Energy) facilities, resulting in a very low potential for release of these radionuclides to the atmosphere. Monitoring data indicate that concentrations of this nuclide in the environment are below established criteria for air and water and therefore should not present a health hazard either to employees or to the public. 23 refs., 12 figs., 34 tabs.

A parameterization of pion production and reaction cross sections is developed for eventual use in modeling neutrino production by protons in a beam stop. Emphasis is placed upon smooth parameterizations for proton energies up to 800 MeV, for all pion energies and angles, and for a wide range of materials. The resulting representations of the data are well-behaved and can be used for extrapolation to regions where there are no measurements. 22 refs., 16 figs., 2 tabs.

Newsletter of the Center for Education and Research in Free Enterprise including analyses, essays, news, and other writing about politics and economics, as well as information about the activities of the Center.

In this paper we describe different formulations for treating the nucleon-nucleon transport physics. These will all be semi-classical treatments; however considerable work has been done considering the relationship between quantal and semi-classical formulations. We discuss additional input specific to calculation of pion and photon yields, and present comparisons between calculated and experimental results, mostly for high energy photons. Conclusions and suggestions for future work are presented in the last section. 65 refs., 7 figs.

This paper discusses the following about the Pisces program: Major objectives of the program; Staff in the PISCES program at UCLA; Highlights in the program; Collaborations with other institutions; PISCES-A facility; PISCES-B facility; Fast scanning Langmuir probe; Omegatron mass spectrometer; Spectroscopic diagnostics; Data acquisition system; Redeposition effect on carbon chemical erosion; Erosion of carbon tokamakium from TFTR; Effect of boron-doping on carbon chemical erosion; Radiation enhanced sublimation of carbon; Surface analysis of TEXTOR titles; Spectroscopic analysis of carbon impurities; Biased limiter and divertor; Biased divertor channel; Gaseous divertor experiments; Presheath profile measurements; Particle transport in CCT tokamak; and Biased divertor experiments in CCT.