Progress reports are presented for the four major sections of the division: analytical spectroscopy, radioactive materials laboratories, inorganic chemistry, and organic chemistry. A brief discussion of the division's role in the Laboratory's Environmental Restoration and Facilities Upgrade is given. Information about quality assurance and safety programs is presented, along with a tabulation of analyses rendered. Publications, oral presentations, professional activities, educational programs, and seminars are cited.

The ANL (Argonne National Laboratory) high-resolution injector has been installed to obtain higher mass resolution and higher preacceleration, and to utilize effectively the full mass range of ATLAS (Argonne tandem linac accelerator system). Preliminary results of the first beam test are reported briefly. The design and performance, in particular a high-mass-resolution magnet with aberration compensation, are discussed.

This report addresses the status of resident fish projects currently funded by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) under the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program (Program) established pursuant to the Northwest Power Act (P.L. 96-501). The report provides a brief synopsis, review and discussion of 13 resident fish projects funded during September 1985 to May 1986. The resident fish section of the Program addresses measures which are intended to protect resident fish, mitigate fishery losses caused by hydroelectric projects, and compensate for past losses through enhancement measures. These measures include, but are not limited to: flow requirements, drawdown requirements, temperature control, and streambed protection.

Status and future prospects of antiproton-nucleus scattering experiments are presented. These scattering experiments were conducted at antiproton beam momentums of 300 and 600 MeV/c on target nuclei of /sup 6/Li, /sup 12/C, /sup 16/O, /sup 18/O, /sup 40/Ca, /sup 48/Ca, and /sup 208/Pb. Antiproton-proton reactions investigated antiproton-nucleus bound or resonant states in antiproton reactions with d, /sup 6/Li, /sup 12/C, /sup 63/Cu, and /sup 209/Bi. Inelastic scattering experiments investigated the spin-isospin dependence of the NN interactions. 19 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab. (DWL)

It is found that energy dependent diffusion theory provides excellent accuracy in the modelling of transport of neutral atoms in fusion plasmas. Two reasons in particular explain the good accuracy. First, while the plasma is optically thick for low energy neutrals, it is optically thin for high energy neutrals and diffusion theory with Marshak boundary conditions gives accurate results for an optically thin medium even for small values of 'c', the ratio of the scattering to the total cross section. Second, the effective value of 'c' at low energy becomes very close to one due to the down-scattering via collisions of high energy neutrals. The first reason is proven both computationally and theoretically by solving the transport equation in a power series in 'c' and the diffusion equation with 'general' Marshak boundary conditions. The second reason is established numerically by comparing the results from a one-dimensional, general geometry, multigroup diffusion theory code, written for this purpose, with the results obtained using the transport code ANISN.

Modeling of glass degradation based on sound geochemical principles appears to be possible with revisions to EQ3/6. Realistic source terms for several repository scenarios may be generated with such a model. One scenario which appears very likely and which is also amenable to modeling using EQ3/6 is that in which an intact but perforated canister holds water in contact with waste glass. The water overflows continuously or periodically, allowing radionuclides to come in contact with repository rock. This isolated-type scenario will be the first realistic modeling effort because it limits complex interactions between rock and glass. However, EQ3/6 modeling should be possible even for very complicated scenarios if sufficient experimental data are available on rates and thermodynamics. This will be the limiting factor in progress toward modeling the complete system.

The recent development in gracing incidence grating monochromator design is discussed and the performance limiting for such instruments are examined. Especially the aberrations of toroidal and spherical gratings are investigated using the optical path function concept. It is shown that large radius spherical gratings, which can be produced with better slope tolerances than aspherics, also yield smaller overall line curvature than toroids. Therefore, a new simple spherical grating monochromator design is proposed and its performance is analyzed.

The eddy current induced on the TFTR vacuum vessel during compression experiments is estimated based on a cylindrical model. It produces an error magnetic field that generates magnetic islands at the rational magnetic surfaces. The widths of these islands are calculated and found to have some effect on electron energy confinement. However, resistive MHD simulation results indicate that the island formation process can be slowed down by plasma rotation.

The Conceptual Design Report (CDR) for the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) describes a proton-proton collider with an energy of 20 TeV per beam and a maximum luminosity of 10{sup 33}cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1} per collision point. This directly responds to the recommendation made by the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel to the US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation in July 1983. That recommendation called for the ``immediate initiation of a multi-TeV high-luminosity proton-proton collider project with the goal of physics experiments at this facility at the earliest Possible date.`` The primary Parameters of the SSC in the Conceptual Design Report have been chosen taking account of both the physics discovery reach of the machine and accelerator physics considerations. The endeavor of the study reported here was to compare the feasibility of an antiproton-proton collider with the proton-proton collider presented in the SSC Conceptual Design Report. The rapid advances in the technology of p{bar p} colliders at CERN and Fermilab suggest that p{bar p} might be a viable alternative to a PP collider (or might be a first stage of an eventual p{bar p} collider). There is Potentially a large cost saving from eliminating one 20 TeV ring of …

The forward-backward asymmetry A expected from the ..gamma.. - Z/sup 0/ interference term in the process e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. q anti q is observed in the lab production angular distribution of high momentum A baryons. The data were collected with the High Resolution Spectrometer at PEP and an integrated luminosity of 256 pb/sup -1/ at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV was used in the analysis. The asymmetry is seen to increase with the fractional energy z = 2E/..sqrt..s of the A due to the decreasing presence of nonleading particles. The value obtained for A baryons with z greater than or equal to 0.3 is A = -0.22 +- 0.08 +- 0.02.

The development of high speed parallel multi-processors, capable of parallel execution of doacross and forall loops, has stimulated the development of compilers to transform serial FORTRAN programs to parallel forms. One of the duties of such a compiler must be to place synchronization instructions in the parallel version of the program to insure the legal execution order of doacross and forall loops. This thesis gives strategies usable by a compiler to generate these synchronization instructions. It presents algorithms for reducing the parallelism in FORTRAN programs to match a target architecture, recovering some of the parallelism so discarded, and reducing the number of synchronization instructions that must be added to a FORTRAN program, as well as basic strategies for placing synchronization instructions. These algorithms are developed for two synchronization instruction sets. 20 refs., 56 figs.

A technique is described for non-destructive measurement and monitoring of the steering offset of the electron and positron beams at the interaction point of the SLC, based on using stripline beam-position monitors to measure the centroid of one beam as it is deflected by the opposing beam. This technique is also expected to provide diagnostic information related to the spot size of the micron-size beams.

Results are described for the computer simulation of the SLAC proof of principle lasertron device with a conventional single gap output cavity, using the 2D relativistic field and particle code called MASK. The rf to beam power efficiency is calculated for different power levels, dc voltages and optical pulse lengths. The calculated efficiency at the initial operating point of 50 MW beam power, 400 kV, and with 60 picosecond optical pulse duration, is 66%. The maximum rf power at 400 kV is about 50 MW. At 600 kV the maximum power increases to about 110 MW, but the efficiency at low power is not much changed from what it was at 400 kV. The simulation calculation does not take into account loss of rf power due to backscattered electrons nor the full effects of the impedance of the accelerating gap. A calculation of the efficiency of the lasertron with a double output cavity has been carried out, and generally yields efficiencies about 10 percentage points higher than the single cavity simulation.

Features of the beamstrahlung flux from the SLC interaction point are discussed, and intensity estimates given. A Cherenkov detector intended to monitor the flux is described.

A device is designed to detect bremsstrahlung at wide angles and wavelengths near the visible. A schematic diagram of the monitor is shown. An analysis of the performance of the monitor is given in terms of photomultiplier output and luminosity. 3 refs., 1 fig. (DWL)

The purpose of the bioassay measurements was to provide individuals, living within a specific area near the Hanford Site, information on the current levels of radionuclides in their bodies. The measurements included whole body counter (in vivo) examinations and urine sample analyses for detecting the presence of major radionuclides related to current and historical operations at Hanford. Notifications of the special measurements were sent by letter to 515 residences in north Franklin County. Eighty-nine individuals from 52 of the 515 residences requested and received whole body counts. Of these, 32 also provided urine samples. The measurements gave no evidence of unusual levels of radioactivity in any individual. The ability of bioassay measurements to detect the presence of radioactivity in an individual following an exposure is dependent on the quality of the measurement and the nature of the exposure. This report includes a discussion of the capability, under various circumstances, of the measurements that were provided.

Certain forms of nuclear waste, when subjected to ionizing radiation, produce combustible mixtures of gases. The production of these gases in sealed radioactive waste containers represents a significant safety concern for the handling, shipment and storage of waste. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) acted on this safety concern in September 1984 by publishing an information notice requiring waste generators to demonstrate, by tests or measurements, that combustible mixtures of gases are not present in radioactive waste shipments; otherwise the waste must be vented within 10 days of shipping. A task force, formed by the Edison Electric Institute to evaluate these NRC requirements, developed a calculational method to quantify hydrogen gas generation in sealed containers. This report presents the calculational method along with comparisons to actual measured hydrogen concentrations from EPICOR II liners, vented during their preparation for shipment. As a result of this, the NRC recently altered certain waste shipment Certificates-Of-Compliance to allow calculations, as well as tests and measurements, as acceptable means of determining combustible gas concentration. This modification was due in part to work described herein.

Long-range core-drilling operations and initial scientific investigations are described for four sites in the Valles caldera, New Mexico. The plan concentrates on the period 1986 to 1993 and has six primary objectives: (1) study the origin, evolution, physical/chemical dynamics of the vapor-dominated portion of the Valles geothermal system; (2) investigate the characteristics of caldera fill and mechanisms of caldera collapse and resurgence; (3) determine the physical/chemical conditions in the heat transfer zone between crystallizing plutons and the hydrothermal system; (4) study the mechanism of ore deposition in the caldera environment; (5) develop and test high-temperature drilling techniques and logging tools; and (6) evaluate the geothermal resource within a large silicic caldera. Core holes VC-2a (500 m) and VC-2b (2000 m) are planned in the Sulphur Springs area; these core holes will probe the vapor-dominated zone, the underlying hot-water-dominated zone, the boiling interface and probable ore deposition between the two zones, and the deep structure and stratigraphy along the western part of the Valles caldera fracture zone and resurgent dome. Core hole VC-3 will involve reopening existing well Baca number12 and deepening it from 3.2 km (present total depth) to 5.5 km, this core hole will penetrate the deep-crystallized silicic pluton, …

Quarterly bulletin listing upcoming events occurring within different regions of Texas such as concerts, stand up comedy, art shows, and market days.

Illuminating any reflective rough or structured surface by a directional light source results in an angular reflectance distribution that shows a narrow peak in the direction of retro-reflection. This is called the Heiligenschein or hot-spot of vegetation canopies and is caused by mutual shading of leaves. The angular intensity distribution of the hot-spot, its brightness and slope, are therefore indicators of the plant's geometry. We propose the use of hot-spot characteristics as crop identifiers in satellite remote sensing because the canopy hot-spot carries information about plant stand architecture that is more distinctive for different plant species than, for instance, their spectral reflectance characteristics. A simple three-dimensional Monte Carlo/ray tracing model and an analytic two-dimensional model are developed to estimate the angular distribution of the hot-spot as a function of the size of the plant leaves. The results show that the brightness-distribution and slope of the hot-spot change distinctively for different leaf sizes indicating a much more peaked maximum for the smaller leaves.

Heavy ion fusion requires high power to be focussed onto a small pellet. If the reactor chamber pressure is below 10/sup -4/ to 10/sup -5/ Torr, beam compression will be limited by space charge unless neutralized by co-moving electrons. If higher chamber pressures are used, the heavy ion beam will create a significant number of background electrons during its propagation and will undergo stripping. The background electrons could provide the neutralization required for high beam intensities. In this paper we will focus on the physics associated with propagation through a fully ionized hydrogen plasma, so background electron generation is not included. One-dimensional electrostatic and two-dimensional fully electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations are presented. If a background plasma is present, we find that coinjected electrons whose purpose is to charge and current neutralize the ion beam become two-stream unstable and no longer provide the thermally cool neutralization required. Further, we find that the ion induced background electron temperature is very sensitive to the ion beam to background electron charge density ratio.

A series of experiments was conducted to determine the feasibility of using hydrogenated amorphous silicon (..cap alpha..-Si:H) as solid state thin film charged particle detectors. /sup 241/Am alphas were successfully detected with ..cap alpha..-Si:H devices. The measurements and results of these experiments are presented. The problems encountered and changes in the fabrication of the detectors that may improve the performance are discussed.

This report has been indexed by 11 separate chapters. The subjects covered are: coal chemistry, aqueous chemistry at high temperatures and pressures, geochemistry, materials chemistry, chemistry of transuranium elements and compounds, separations chemistry, catalysis, electron spectroscopy, nuclear waste chemistry, heuristic modeling, and special topics. (PLG)

In 1983, SERI initiated a microalgal species acquisition program to provide strains to be used in the development of microalgal culture technology for the production of fuels (Raymond 1984). From previous collection efforts (Barclay 1984, Tadros 1984) it was determined that desirous species should grow rapidly under fluctuating culture conditions and be capable of producing large concentrations of lipid.