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Aquatic pathways model to predict the fate of phenolic compounds
Organic materials released from energy-related activities could affect human health and the environment. To better assess possible impacts, we developed a model to predict the fate of spills or discharges of pollutants into flowing or static bodies of fresh water. A computer code, Aquatic Pathways Model (APM), was written to implement the model. The computer programs use compartmental analysis to simulate aquatic ecosystems. The APM estimates the concentrations of chemicals in fish tissue, water and sediment, and is therefore useful for assessing exposure to humans through aquatic pathways. The APM will consider any aquatic pathway for which the user has transport data. Additionally, APM will estimate transport rates from physical and chemical properties of chemicals between several key compartments. The major pathways considered are biodegradation, fish and sediment uptake, photolysis, and evaporation. The model has been implemented with parameters for distribution of phenols, an important class of compounds found in the water-soluble fractions of coal liquids. Current modeling efforts show that, in comparison with many pesticides and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the lighter phenolics (the cresols) are not persistent in the environment. The properties of heavier molecular weight phenolics (indanols, naphthols) are not well enough understood at this time to make …
Date:
April 1, 1983
Creator:
Aaberg, R.L.; Peloquin, R.A.; Strenge, D.L. & Mellinger, P.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aquatic Pathways Model to predict the fate of phenolic compounds. Appendixes A through D
Organic materials released from energy-related activities could affect human health and the environment. We have developed a model to predict the fate of spills or discharges of pollutants into flowing or static bodies of fresh water. A computer code, Aquatic Pathways Model (APM), was written to implement the model. The APM estimates the concentrations of chemicals in fish tissue, water and sediment, and is therefore useful for assessing exposure to humans through aquatic pathways. The major pathways considered are biodegradation, fish and sediment uptake, photolysis, and evaporation. The model has been implemented with parameters for the distribution of phenols, an important class of compounds found in the water-soluble fractions of coal liquids. The model was developed to estimate the fate of liquids derived from coal. Current modeling efforts show that, in comparison with many pesticides and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the lighter phenolics (the cresols) are not persistent in the environment. For the twelve phenolics studied, biodegradation appears to be the major pathway for elimination from aquatic environments. A pond system simulation of a spill of solvent-refined coal (SRC-II) materials indicates that phenol, cresols, and other single cyclic phenolics are degraded to 16 to 25 percent of their original concentrations within …
Date:
April 1, 1983
Creator:
Aaberg, R.L.; Peloquin, R.A.; Strenge, D.L. & Mellinger, P.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cermets and method for making same
The present invention is directed to a method for making a wide variety of general-purpose cermets and for radioactive waste disposal from ceramic powders prepared from urea-dispersed solutions containing various metal values. The powders are formed into a compact and subjected to a rapid temperature increase in a reducing atmosphere. During this reduction, one or more of the more readily reducible oxides in the compact is reduced to a selected substoichiometric state at a temperature below the eutectic phase for that particular oxide or oxides and then raised to a temperature greater than the eutectic temperature to provide a liquid phase in the compact prior to the reduction of the liquid phase forming oxide to solid metal. This liquid phase forms at a temperature below the melting temperature of the metal and bonds together the remaining particulates in the cermet to form a solid polycrystalline cermet.
Date:
April 1, 1981
Creator:
Aaron, W. S.; Kinser, D. L. & Quinby, T. C.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
INTOR Impurity Control and First Wall System
The highlights of the recent INTOR effort on examining the key issues of the impurity control/first wall system are summarized. The emphasis of the work was an integrated study of the edge-region physics, plasma-wall interaction, materials, engineering and magnetic considerations associated with the poloidal divertor and pump limiter. The development of limiter and divertor collector plate designs with an acceptable lifetime was a major part of the work.
Date:
April 1, 1983
Creator:
Abdou, M. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
RESIDUAL RADIONUCLIDE DISTRIBUTION AND INVENTORY AT THE DRESDEN UNIT ONE NUCLEAR GENERATING PLANT
None
Date:
April 1, 1984
Creator:
Abel, K. H.; Robertson, D. E.; Lepel, E. A. & Leale, M. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of human factors effects on the safety of transporting radioactive waste materials: Technical report
This report examines the extent of human factors effects on the safety of transporting radioactive waste materials. It is seen principally as a scoping effort, to establish whether there is a need for DOE to undertake a more formal approach to studying human factors in radioactive waste transport, and if so, logical directions for that program to follow. Human factors effects are evaluated on driving and loading/transfer operations only. Particular emphasis is placed on the driving function, examining the relationship between human error and safety as it relates to the impairment of driver performance. Although multi-modal in focus, the widespread availability of data and previous literature on truck operations resulted in a primary study focus on the trucking mode from the standpoint of policy development. In addition to the analysis of human factors accident statistics, the report provides relevant background material on several policies that have been instituted or are under consideration, directed at improving human reliability in the transport sector. On the basis of reported findings, preliminary policy areas are identified. 71 refs., 26 figs., 5 tabs.
Date:
April 1, 1989
Creator:
Abkowitz, Mark D.; Abkowitz, Susan B. & Lepofsky, Mark
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
User systems guidelines for software projects
This manual presents guidelines for software standards which were developed so that software project-development teams and management involved in approving the software could have a generalized view of all phases in the software production procedure and the steps involved in completing each phase. Guidelines are presented for six phases of software development: project definition, building a user interface, designing software, writing code, testing code, and preparing software documentation. The discussions for each phase include examples illustrating the recommended guidelines. 45 refs. (DWL)
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Abrahamson, L. (ed.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bibliography for the Satellite Power System (SPS) Concept Development and Evaluation Program
This bibliography encompasses systems definition and engineering aspects; environmental assessment of microwave health and ecology, risks to space workers and atmospheric effects; a societal assessment covering resource requirements (land and materials) international and institutional issues; and a comparative assessment of the SPS Reference System relative to other advanced energy technologies, such as fusion. (MHR)
Date:
April 1, 1981
Creator:
Abromavage, M.; Calzadilla, R. & Murray, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Utility Subroutine Package Used by Applied Physics Division Export Codes
This report describes the current state of the utility subroutine package used with codes being developed by the staff of the Applied Physics Division. The package provides a variety of useful functions for BCD input processing, dynamic core-storage allocation and management, binary I/O and data manipulation. The routines were written to conform to coding standards which facilitate the exchange of programs between different computers.
Date:
April 1983
Creator:
Adams, C. H.; Derstine, K. L.; Henryson, H., II; Hosteny, R. P. & Toppel, B. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Utility subroutine package used by Applied Physics Division export codes. [LMFBR]
This report describes the current state of the utility subroutine package used with codes being developed by the staff of the Applied Physics Division. The package provides a variety of useful functions for BCD input processing, dynamic core-storage allocation and managemnt, binary I/0 and data manipulation. The routines were written to conform to coding standards which facilitate the exchange of programs between different computers.
Date:
April 1, 1983
Creator:
Adams, C. H.; Derstine, K. L.; Henryson, H., II; Hosteny, R. P. & Toppel, B. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of improved TRISO-P fuel particle P-PyC coating
Low defect fuels are required for the MHTGR to meet tighter fuel performance for this reactor design (Ref. 1). Exposed heavy metal (HM) contamination levels must be reduced to {le} 1E-5 fraction. Particle coating breakage during the fuel compact fabrication process has been shown to be a major source of HM contamination in the final fuel compacts. Excessive forces are experienced by the coated fuel particles during matrix injection, which leads to coating failure. Adding a sacrificial, low Young`s modulus, overcoating of low density PyC in a fluidized particle bed, was shown to greatly increase the crush strength of TRISO coated fuel particles in 1986 studies (Ref. 2). The new TRISO coated fuel particle design was designated the TRISO-P coated fuel particle type. In 1987, the TRISO-P particle type was used to produce low defect fuel compacts for irradiation in the HRB-21 Capsule (Ref. 3). However, the exposed HM contamination levels for that fuel barely met the product specification limit of {le} 1.0E-5. The small margin of safety between product quality and the specification limit dictated that additional process development of the TRISO-P particle design must be conducted. This document discusses the program scope, requirements, documentation and schedule.
Date:
April 29, 1988
Creator:
Adams, C.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Action Description Memorandum for the Facilities Capability Assurance Program (FCAP) FY 1992 FCAP Item: Steam and Condensate System Upgrades
This ADM documents the evaluation of the potential environmental impact hazards from the Facilities Capability Assurance Project (FCAP), FY 1992, Line Item, Steam and Condensate Systems Upgrades.
Date:
April 1, 1989
Creator:
Adams, Frank S.; Bauer, Richard L. & Anderson, Carol R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uranium- and thorium-bearing pegmatites of the United States
This report is part of the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Program designed to identify criteria favorable for the occurrence of the world's significant uranium deposits. This project deals specifically with uranium- and thorium-bearing pegmatites in the United States and, in particular, their distribution and origin. From an extensive literature survey and field examination of 44 pegmatite localities in the United States and Canada, the authors have compiled an index to about 300 uranium- and thorium-bearing pegmatites in the United States, maps giving location of these deposits, and an annotated bibliography to some of the most pertinent literature on the geology of pegmatites. Pegmatites form from late-state magma differentiates rich in volatile constituents with an attendant aqueous vapor phase. It is the presence of an aqueous phase which results in the development of the variable grain size which characterizes pegmatites. All pegmatites occur in areas of tectonic mobility involving crustal material usually along plate margins. Those pegmatites containing radioactive mineral species show, essentially, a similar distribution to those without radioactive minerals. Criteria such as tectonic setting, magma composition, host rock, and elemental indicators among others, all serve to help delineate areas more favorable for uranium- and thorium-bearing pegmatites. The most …
Date:
April 1, 1980
Creator:
Adams, J. W.; Arengi, J. T. & Parrish, I. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recommended technical specifications for first generation test surface and subsurface markers
Federal regulations and Rockwell Hanford Operations (Rockwell) planning documents require that radioactive waste sites disposed in-place be permanently marked. A number of technical studies have addressed the materials to be used for permanent markers as well as the design configurations. Criteria and standards for markers have also been prepared and issued in draft form. The next step in marker development requires laboratory and field testing of prototype markers. This document provides design specifications for the first generation surface and subsurface markers. At the conclusion of testing activities, definitive specifications can be prepared. Included herein are specifications for marker placement, marker materials, marker configuration and dimensions and marker messages. This document presents specifications only and does not provide rationale or justification for the specifications. Such rationale and justification is available in referenced documents.
Date:
April 24, 1984
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Impact of Improved Building Thermal Efficiency on Residential Energy Demand
The impact of improved building shell thermal efficiency on residential energy demand is explored in a theoretical framework. The important economic literature on estimating the price elasticity of residential energy demand is reviewed. The specification of the residential energy demand model is presented. The data used are described. The empirical estimation of the residential energy demand model is described. (MHR)
Date:
April 1, 1983
Creator:
Adams, R. C. & Rockwood, A. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Approach to ecological assessment of power-plant-intake (316b) related issues: the Prairie Island case
Assessment approaches and strategies useful in addressing important issues in section 316(b) of the 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act are illustrated in this report through the analysis and evaluation of the Prairie Island Nuclear Station 316(b) data base. The main issues in 316(b) demonstrations, cooling water intake operation and location, involve determining the impacts of entrainment and impingement. Entrainment impacts were addressed by applying the equivalent adult approach and correcting for inherent biases and by determining the through-plant survival of zooplankton. An assessment of impingement impacts was made by comparing for each of various species the number of fish impinged to estimates of population size. Densities of plankton and fish were compared between the intake area and an alternate area to determine if the location of the present intake minimizes impacts. No definitive conclusion relative to the best location of the intake could be made because of high year to year variability in the data and the differential dominance of trophic groups between areas.
Date:
April 1, 1981
Creator:
Adams, S. M.; Vaughan, D. S.; Hildebrand, S. G. & Kumar, K. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An alignment method for the Mark II silicon strip vertex detector using an x-ray beam
A silicon strip vertex detector consisting of 36 independent detector modules is being constructed for use in the Mark II detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. This paper describes a method for determining the relative alignment of the modules to a precision better than the 5 ..mu..m intrinsic resolution of the detectors. The basic procedure involves moving the vertex detector by known amounts through a fixed, collimated x-ray beam, and using the beam position reconstructed from the detected signals to determine the relative positions and orientations of the modules. Results from tests of the method on a subset of detectors are presented. 5 refs., 11 figs.
Date:
April 1, 1989
Creator:
Adolphsen, C.; Gratta, G.; Labarga, L.; Litke, A.; Schwarz, A.; Turala, M. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Test beam results for silicon microstrip detectors with VLSI read-out
A telescope consisting of three silicon microstrip detectors has been tested in a high energy positron beam at SLAC. Each detector has trips with 25 micron pitch and is read out by two 128-channel NMOS integrated circuits (''Microplex''). Results on the signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and two-track separation are given.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Adolphsen, C.; Litke, A.; Schwarz, A.; Turala, M.; Lueth, V.; Breakstone, A. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ACTVE News, Volume 11, Number 4, April 1980
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
April 1980
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
ACTVE News, Volume 12, Number 4, April 1981
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
April 1981
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
ACTVE News, Volume 13, Number 4, April 1982
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
April 1982
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
ACTVE News, Volume 14, Number 4, April 1983
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
April 1983
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
ACTVE News, Volume 15, Number 2, April 1984
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
April 1984
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Perkins and JTPA: Adequacy, Effectiveness, Coordination
Biennial report about the impact of two federal laws -- the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act & Job Training Partnership Act -- including the effectiveness of Texas programs, coordination between the vocational education and the JTPA, and recommendations of the Council.
Date:
April 1989
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History