Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska (open access)

Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska

The hydrology of the active layer of a watershed is described. In the annual hydrologic cycle, snowmelt is the most significant event at Imnavait Creek located near Toolik Lake, Alaska. Precipitation that has accumulated for more than 6 months on the surface melts in a relatively short period of 7 to 10 days once sustained melting occurs. Significant runoff events are few. Convective storms covering relatively small areas on the North Slope of Alaska can produce significant small-scale events in a small watershed scale,but these events are rapidly attenuated outside the basin. Data collection began in August 1984. We have continuously monitored the hydrologic, the meteorologic, and the soil's physical conditions. Information was collected through implementation of four snowmelt runoff plots and measurements of essential microclimate parameters. Soil moisture and temperature profiles were measured adjacent to each snowmelt runoff plot, and heat flux is collected adjacent to one of these plots. Meteorological parameters were measured locally. The water content of the snowpack prior to snowmelt was measured throughout the watershed and measured daily adjacent to each plot during snowmelt. The stream draining the basin was measured regularly during the spring melt event to provide information on watershed runoff rates and …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Hinzman, L.D. & Kane, D.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Demonstration projects for coalbed methane and Devonian shale gas: Final report. [None] (open access)

Demonstration projects for coalbed methane and Devonian shale gas: Final report. [None]

In 1979, the US Department of Energy provided the American Public Gas Association (APGA) with a grant to demonstrate the feasibility of bringing unconventional gas such as methane produced from coalbeds or Devonian Shale directly into publicly owned utility system distribution lines. In conjunction with this grant, a seven-year program was initiated where a total of sixteen wells were drilled for the purpose of providing this untapped resource to communities who distribute natural gas. While coalbed degasification ahead of coal mining was already a reality in several parts of the country, the APGA demonstration program was aimed at actual consumer use of the gas. Emphasis was therefore placed on degasification of coals with high methane gas content and on utilization of conventional oil field techniques. 13 figs.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Verrips, A.M. & Gustavson, J.B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Investigation of Primary Li-Si/FeS2 Cells (open access)

Investigation of Primary Li-Si/FeS2 Cells

The factors that limit the performance of thermally activated Li-Si/FeS2 batteries were defined through the use of electrochemical characterization tests and post-test examinations. For the characterization tests, 82 individual cells were instrumented with multiple voltage sensors and discharged under isothermal and isobaric conditions. The voltage data for the sensors were recorded to determine the ohmic and electrochemical impedances of each cell component at different levels of discharge. The data analysis completed to date has demonstrated that this approach can successfully differentiate the influence of various operating parameters (e.g., temperature, current density), electrode structures (e.g., FeS2 particle size), and additives on cell capacity, specific energy, and power capability. Thirty cells selected from these tests and additional tests at SNL were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. These analyses documented microstructural and compositional changes in the active materials and electrolyte. In general, the electrochemical impedance of the FeS2 electrode limited cell performance. Several methods (including use of fine FeS2 particle size, graphite additions, and higher operating temperatures) produced measurable reductions in this impedance and yielded significant improvements in specific energy and power. Additions of KCl to the negative electrode extended the low-temperature capacity of this …
Date: April 1987
Creator: Redey, L.; Smaga, J. A.; Battles, J. E. & Guidotti, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Site Surveillance and Maintenance Program for Palos Park : Report for 1986 (open access)

Site Surveillance and Maintenance Program for Palos Park : Report for 1986

The results of the environmental monitoring program conducted at Site A/Plot M in the Palos Park Forest Preserve area for CY 1986 are presented. The monitoring program is the ongoing remedial action that resulted from the original radiological characterization of the site. The program consists of sample collection and analysis of air, surface and subsurface water, and bottom sediment to determine the migration pathway of water from the burial ground (Plot M) to hand-operated picnic wells, establish if buried radionuclides other than hydrogen-3 have migrated, and generally characterize the radiological environment of the area.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Golchert, N. W. & Sedlet, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ring Energy Selection and Extra Long Straight Sections for the Advanced Photon Source (open access)

Ring Energy Selection and Extra Long Straight Sections for the Advanced Photon Source

Recommended criteria are given for the performance of Advanced Photon Source (APS), taking into consideration undulator tunability criteria and their relationship to the storage ring energy and undulator gap, length of straight sections.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Brown, G.; Cho, Y.; Hastings, J.; Krinsky, S.; Moncton, D. E.; Shenoy, G. K. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report (open access)

7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report

During the past decade, synchrotron radiation emitted by circulating electron beams has come into wide use as a powerful, versatile source of x-rays for probing the structure of matter and for studying various physical processes. Several synchrotron radiation facilities with different designs and characteristics are now in regular operation throughout the world, with recent additions in this country being the 0.8-GeV and 2.5-GeV rings of NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory. However, none of the operating facilities has been designed to use a low-emittance, high-energy stored beam, together with modern undulator devices, to produce a large number of hard x-ray beams of extremely high brilliance. This document is a proposal to the Department of Energy to construct and operate high-energy synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory. We have now chosen to set the design energy of this facility at 7.0 GeV, with the capability to operate at up to 7.5 GeV.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A parallel block cyclic reduction algorithm for the fast solution of elliptic equations (open access)

A parallel block cyclic reduction algorithm for the fast solution of elliptic equations

This paper presents an adaptation of the Block Cyclic Reduction (BCR) algorithm for a multi-vector processor. The main bottleneck of BCR lies in the solution of linear systems whose coefficient matrix is the product of tridiagonal matrices. This bottleneck is handled by expressing the rational function corresponding to the inverse of this product as a sum of elementary fractions. As a result the solution of this system leads to parallel solutions of tridiagonal systems. Numerical experiments performed on an Alliant FX/8 are reported. 11 refs., 1 tab.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Gallopoulos, E. & Saad, Y.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Level of evidence for reasonable assurance guides to prediction (open access)

Level of evidence for reasonable assurance guides to prediction

Over the past years, the DOE Contractors have produced a great deal of work that has been extensively reviewed and criticized by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the Materials Review Board (MRB) of the DOE, the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS), and the technical support group at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Common aspects of the reviews and criticisms have provided information on the level of evidence required by the scientific community to defend performance claims. Important indicators of the type of evidence that the NRC will require for favorable decisions of reasonable assurance also can be obtained from 10 CFR 60 and its rationale, from NRC guides and Technical Position papers, from past reviews of the DOE programs by NRC Contractors, and from the use of reasonable assurance by the NRC in its 1984 Waste Confidence Decision. This report describes general concepts related to the acceptability and unacceptability of the level of evidence needed to defend claims with reasonable assurance. The concepts were formulated on the basis of analyses of the NRC position papers, and of common aspects of the reviews and criticisms dealing with compliance demonstration.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Schweitzer, D.G. & Sastre, C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Conceptual Design Report (open access)

7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Conceptual Design Report

During the past decade, synchrotron radiation emitted by circulating electron beams has come into wide use as a powerful, versatile source of x-rays for probing the structure of matter and for studying various physical processes. Several synchrotron radiation facilities with different designs and characteristics are now in regular operation throughout the world, with recent additions in this country being the 0.8-GeV and 2.5-GeV rings of NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory. However, none of the operating facilities has been designed to use a low-emittance, high-energy stored beam, together with modern undulator devices, to produce a large number of hard x-ray beams of extremely high brilliance. This document is a proposal to the Department of Energy to construct and operate high-energy synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory. We have now chosen to set the design energy of this facility at 7.0 GeV, with the capability to operate at up to 7.5 GeV.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biology and Medicine Division: Annual report 1986 (open access)

Biology and Medicine Division: Annual report 1986

The Biology and Medicine Division continues to make important contributions in scientific areas in which it has a long-established leadership role. For 50 years the Division has pioneered in the application of radioisotopes and charged particles to biology and medicine. There is a growing emphasis on cellular and molecular applications in the work of all the Division's research groups. The powerful tools of genetic engineering, the use of recombinant products, the analytical application of DNA probes, and the use of restriction fragment length polymorphic DNA are described and proposed for increasing use in the future.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Losing a million minds: confronting the tragedy of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (open access)

Losing a million minds: confronting the tragedy of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

This report involves collection of more than 10)000 pages of existing documents and preparation of more than 40 papers by outside experts under contract to OTA. Many of the OTA contract reports have been released to the National Technical Information Service or published elsewhere.
Date: April 1987
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The U.S. textile and apparel industry: a revolution in progress: special report (open access)

The U.S. textile and apparel industry: a revolution in progress: special report

This special report supports a larger OTA project that analyzes the effects of technological change and international trade on the structure of the domestic economy and options for public policy. The textile and apparel industries were selected for special attention because they provide key insights into the problems of changing manufacturing enterprises.
Date: April 1987
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wastes in marine environments (open access)

Wastes in marine environments

This final report addresses two fundamental questions: what is the general condition of different marine environments and their resources, and what role can and should marine environments play in overall waste management?
Date: April 1987
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High precision power supplies for the National Synchrotron Light Source (open access)

High precision power supplies for the National Synchrotron Light Source

Since beam stability depends to a considerable degree on the stability of the magnet power supplies, and it is desired to push for 3 GeV operation, it was required that new power supplies be obtained for the quadrupoles and sextupoles. These power supplies were to have the lowest ripple that could be reasonably achieved, and were to have a current regulation of better than 10 PPM. In addition, since they operate over a 5 : 1 voltage range, it was considered desirable to ensure that they operated with a good power factor over the operating range. The dipole power supply was modified to use the techniques employed in the smaller supplies.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Olsen, R. & Langenbach, H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Integral charged particle nuclear data bibliography: Literature scanned from April 1, 1986 through April 10, 1987 (open access)

Integral charged particle nuclear data bibliography: Literature scanned from April 1, 1986 through April 10, 1987

This bibliography is divided into three sections, ''References,'' ''Target Index,'' and ''Residual Index.'' The ''References'' section contains all references satisfying the following criteria: excitation functions, thick targets, or product yield leading to the formation of a ground or metastable state; the atomic mass and charge of the incident particle must be greater than or equal to1; the atomic mass of the target must be greater than or equal to1; and the atomic masses of the outgoing and residual nuclei must be greater than or equal to1 with the exception of processes which do not lead to a definite residual nucleus and of gamma-ray production cross sections. The ''Target Index'' section contains the incident particle energy and the abbreviated reference lines for all the entries, which contain information on a definite target nucleus and reaction. These reference lines contain the Journal name, followed by the volume and page number. The ''Residual Index'' section also contains the incident particle energy and the abbreviated reference lines for all the entries, which contain information on a definite residual nucleus and a definite target-reaction.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Holden, N. E.; Ramavataram, S. & Dunford, C. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The data acquisition system for SLD (open access)

The data acquisition system for SLD

This paper describes the data acquisition system planned for the SLD detector, which is being constructed for use with the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). Analog electronics, heavily incorporating hybrid and custom VLSI circuitry, is mounted on the detector itself. Extensive use is made of multiplexing through optical fibers to a FASTBUS readout system. The low repetition rate of the SLC allows a relatively simple software-based trigger. Hardware and software processors within the acquisition modules are used to reduce the large volume of data per event and to calibrate the electronics. A farm of microprocessors is used for full reconstruction of a sample of events prior to transmission to the host.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Sherden, D.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclide migration from areal sources into a fracture (open access)

Nuclide migration from areal sources into a fracture

This document shows analytic solutions to the problem of hydrogeologic transport of radionuclides released from finite areal sources into a planar fracture. It illustrates the solutions through numerical and graphical displays of the spatial and temporal distribution of the radionuclides as a result of advection in the fracture, transverse dispersion and surface sorption, as well as diffusion into and sorption in the rock matrix. The numerical illustrations indicate that sufficient distances away from the sources equivalent single sources give acceptable approximations. 2 refs., 3 figs.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Ahn, J.; Chambre, P. L.; Pigford, T. H. & Lee, W. W. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Can Bulk Viscosity Drive Inflation (open access)

Can Bulk Viscosity Drive Inflation

Contrary to other claims, we argue that, bulk viscosity associated with the interactions of nonrelativistic particles with relativistic particles around the time of the grand unified theory (GUT) phase transition cannot lead to inflation. Simply put, the key ingredient for inflation, negative pressure, cannot arise due to the bulk viscosity effects of a weakly-interacting mixture of relativistic and nonrelativistic particles. 13 refs., 1 fig.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Pacher, T.; Stein-Schabes, J. A. & Turner, M. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The decay tau. -->. rho nu (and rho. -->. pi. eta nu. ) (open access)

The decay tau. -->. rho nu (and rho. -->. pi. eta nu. )

Motivated by the question of missing exclusive branching fractions in tau decays, mostly suspected to be in one prong decays with neutrals, we have studied the decay tau ..-->.. rho nu in tau pair production by e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at ..sqrt..s = 3.77 GeV. The branching fraction is measured to be B(tau ..-->.. rho nu) = (23.0 +- 1.3 +- 1.7)% consistent with known measurements and not offering a solution to the branching ratio question. No eta signal in the ..gamma gamma.. mass spectrum pointing to a decay tau ..-->.. eta ..pi.. nu is obvious. An upper limit on this branching fraction is given.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Stockhausen, W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Site surveillance and maintenance program for Palos Park: Report for 1986 (open access)

Site surveillance and maintenance program for Palos Park: Report for 1986

The results of the environmental monitoring program conducted at Site A/Plot M in the Palos Park Forest Preserve area for CY 1986 are presented. The monitoring program reflects remedial action subsequent to the original radiological characterization of the site. The program consists of sample collection and analysis of air, surface and subsurface water, and bottom sediment to determine the migration pathway of water from the burial ground (Plot M) to hand-operated picnic wells, establish if buried radionuclides other than hydrogen-3 have migrated, and generally characterize the radiological environment of the area. New studies include the migration of non-radiological hazardous waste constituents that may have been buried with the radioactive waste, based on an analysis of borehole water samples for selected heavy metals and organic compounds. Hydrogen-3 in the Red Gate Woods picnic well continued to show the same pattern of elevated levels in the winter and low concentrations in the summer, but the magnitude of the winter peak was significantly less than in earlier years. Recent measurements indicate the presence of strontium-90 in borehole water next to Plot M. The program established that the radioactivity remaining at Site A/Plot M does not endanger the health or safety of the public …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Golchert, N.W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Restrictions on two Higgs doublet models and CP violation at the unification scale (open access)

Restrictions on two Higgs doublet models and CP violation at the unification scale

Bounds on charged Higgs masses and couplings in models with two Higgs doublets are examined that came from CP violation in the neutral K system. Bounds on charged Higgs masses and couplings in two Higgs doublet models are also obtained from their effects on neutral-B-meson mixing. The bounds are found to be comparable to those obtained with additional assumptions from the neutral K system. The three generation phase invariant measure of CP violation is shown to satisfy a simple and solvable renormalization group equation. Its value is seen to fall by four to eight orders of magnitude between the weak and grand unification scales in the standard model, as well as in its two Higgs and supersymmetric extensions. (LEW)
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Athanasiu, G.G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Status of the SLC (SLAC Linear Collider) (open access)

Status of the SLC (SLAC Linear Collider)

A short review of the physics goals and the status of the SLC is followed by a discussion of the energy spectrometer with center-of-mass energy resolution on a pulse-to-pulse basis of +-50 MeV/c/sup 2/. The status of the SLC polarization experiment is discussed. The expected physics program of the Mark II is given.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Moffeit, K.C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coherent and turbulent fluctuations in TFTR (open access)

Coherent and turbulent fluctuations in TFTR

Classification of the sawteeth observed in the TFTR tokamak has been carried out to highlight the differences between the many types observed. Three types of sawteeth are discussed: ''simple,'' ''small,'' and ''compound.'' During the enhanced confinement discharges on TFTR, sawteeth related to q = 1 are usually not present, but a sawtooth-like event is sometimes observed. ..beta.. approaches the Troyon limit only at low q/sub cyl/ with a clear reduction of achievable ..beta../sub n/ at high q/sub cyl/. This suggests that a ..beta../sub p/ limit, rather than the Troyon-Gruber limit, applies at high q/sub cyl/ in the enhanced confinement discharges. These discharges also reach the stability boundary for n ..-->.. infinity ideal MHD ballooning modes. Turbulence measurements in the scrape-off region with Langmuir and magnetic probes show strong edge density turbulence n-tilde/n = 0.3 - 0.5, with weak magnetic turbulence B-tilde/sub theta/B/sub theta/ > 5 x 10/sup -6/ measured at the wall, but these measurements are very sensitive to local edge conditions.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: McGuire, K.; Arunasalam, V.; Bell, M. G.; Bitter, M.; Blanchard, W. R.; Bretz, N. L. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A one-campus SSC (open access)

A one-campus SSC

Advantages of the one-campus superconducting super collider with bypass-clustered Interaction Region arrangement are enumerated. Designs for double-bypass arrangements with 4 and 6 interaction points are examined and presented. Compared to the conceptual design given in the Conceptual Design Report, the only drawback identified is the additional dipoles required which amounts to approx.20% for the 6 Interaction Point arrangements and approx.10% for the 4 Interaction Point arrangements. (LSP)
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Lederman, L.M. & Teng, L.C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library