7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report (open access)

7-GeV Advanced Photon Source : Conceptual Design Report

During the past decade, synchrotron radiation emitted by circulating electron beams has come into wide use as a powerful, versatile source of x-rays for probing the structure of matter and for studying various physical processes. Several synchrotron radiation facilities with different designs and characteristics are now in regular operation throughout the world, with recent additions in this country being the 0.8-GeV and 2.5-GeV rings of NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory. However, none of the operating facilities has been designed to use a low-emittance, high-energy stored beam, together with modern undulator devices, to produce a large number of hard x-ray beams of extremely high brilliance. This document is a proposal to the Department of Energy to construct and operate high-energy synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory. We have now chosen to set the design energy of this facility at 7.0 GeV, with the capability to operate at up to 7.5 GeV.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Argonne National Laboratory
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Conceptual Design Report (open access)

7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Conceptual Design Report

During the past decade, synchrotron radiation emitted by circulating electron beams has come into wide use as a powerful, versatile source of x-rays for probing the structure of matter and for studying various physical processes. Several synchrotron radiation facilities with different designs and characteristics are now in regular operation throughout the world, with recent additions in this country being the 0.8-GeV and 2.5-GeV rings of NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory. However, none of the operating facilities has been designed to use a low-emittance, high-energy stored beam, together with modern undulator devices, to produce a large number of hard x-ray beams of extremely high brilliance. This document is a proposal to the Department of Energy to construct and operate high-energy synchrotron radiation facility at Argonne National Laboratory. We have now chosen to set the design energy of this facility at 7.0 GeV, with the capability to operate at up to 7.5 GeV.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
1986 Environmental Monitoring Report (open access)

1986 Environmental Monitoring Report

SNLL conducts various research activities which have the potential for release of hazardous materials or radionuclides to the environment. Potential emissions include tritium, depleted uranium, metals, solvents, and common laboratory chemicals. SNLL handles gram quantities of tritium, kilogram quantities of depleted uranium, but only microcurie quantities of other isotopes. Airborne tritium released in 1986 during research at the TRL was 760 curies (predominantly the oxide form) and 24 millicuries of tritiated water (HTO) was discharged in the liquid effluent. The quantity of depleted uranium released during 1986 was less than 10 microcuries (or 22 grams - analysis near background level) from both liquid and airborne effluents.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Devlin, T. K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The 1986 residential occupant survey (open access)

The 1986 residential occupant survey

In 1986, Pacific Northwest Laboratory developed the Residential Occupant Survey-Spring '86, which was implemented. The overall purpose of the study was to collect demographic, attitudinal, and behavioral data related to the use and conservation of electricity in dwellings participating in the Bonneville Power Administration's End-Use Load and Conservation Assessment Program (ELCAP). Information was collected on the respondents' perceptions of the energy efficiency of their dwelling, temperature the dwelling was kept when people were at home and awake during the last heating season, which rooms, if any, were not heated during the last heating season, number of times the dwelling was unoccupied for at least one week, number of times pets were let out of the dwelling per day, attitudes toward energy use and conservation and several socio-demographic variables such as age, sex, and total household income. The results of the data analyses showed age to be an important factor for reported indoor temperature and perceived energy efficiency of the dwelling. The results also showed that almost 60% of the ELCAP occupants do not heat one or more rooms during the heating season, and almost 45% of the ELCAP dwellings were unoccupied for at least one week during the reporting period. …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Ivey, D.L. & Alley, P.K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
AACOG Region, Volume 14, Number 4, April 1987 (open access)

AACOG Region, Volume 14, Number 4, April 1987

Monthly newsletter of the Alamo Area Council of Governments describing news and events of relevance to the agencies.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Alamo Area Council of Governments
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Ab initio calculation of ground- and excited-state properties of surfaces. [Ge(111):As and Si(111):As] (open access)

Ab initio calculation of ground- and excited-state properties of surfaces. [Ge(111):As and Si(111):As]

A new approach for surface studies using the density functional formalism for structural determination and a first principles many-body theory for the quasiparticle surface state energies is discussed. The many-body calculation involves the evaluation of the electron self-energy operator including both local fields and dynamical screening effects. Results for the Ge(111):As and Si(111):As surface are in excellent agreement with recent angle-resolved photoemission data and show a substantially larger gap between the empty and occupied surface states in comparison to local density functional calculations.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Louie, S.G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska (open access)

Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska

The hydrology of the active layer of a watershed is described. In the annual hydrologic cycle, snowmelt is the most significant event at Imnavait Creek located near Toolik Lake, Alaska. Precipitation that has accumulated for more than 6 months on the surface melts in a relatively short period of 7 to 10 days once sustained melting occurs. Significant runoff events are few. Convective storms covering relatively small areas on the North Slope of Alaska can produce significant small-scale events in a small watershed scale,but these events are rapidly attenuated outside the basin. Data collection began in August 1984. We have continuously monitored the hydrologic, the meteorologic, and the soil's physical conditions. Information was collected through implementation of four snowmelt runoff plots and measurements of essential microclimate parameters. Soil moisture and temperature profiles were measured adjacent to each snowmelt runoff plot, and heat flux is collected adjacent to one of these plots. Meteorological parameters were measured locally. The water content of the snowpack prior to snowmelt was measured throughout the watershed and measured daily adjacent to each plot during snowmelt. The stream draining the basin was measured regularly during the spring melt event to provide information on watershed runoff rates and …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Hinzman, L.D. & Kane, D.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska (open access)

Active layer hydrology for Imnavait Creek, Toolik, Alaska

The hydrology of the active layer of a watershed is described. In the annual hydrologic cycle, snowmelt is the most significant event at Imnavait Creek located near Toolik Lake, Alaska. Precipitation that has accumulated for more than 6 months on the surface melts in a relatively short period of 7 to 10 days once sustained melting occurs. Significant runoff events are few. Convective storms covering relatively small areas on the North Slope of Alaska can produce significant small-scale events in a small watershed scale,but these events are rapidly attenuated outside the basin. Data collection began in August 1984. We have continuously monitored the hydrologic, the meteorologic, and the soil`s physical conditions. Information was collected through implementation of four snowmelt runoff plots and measurements of essential microclimate parameters. Soil moisture and temperature profiles were measured adjacent to each snowmelt runoff plot, and heat flux is collected adjacent to one of these plots. Meteorological parameters were measured locally. The water content of the snowpack prior to snowmelt was measured throughout the watershed and measured daily adjacent to each plot during snowmelt. The stream draining the basin was measured regularly during the spring melt event to provide information on watershed runoff rates and …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Hinzman, L. D. & Kane, D. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced accelerator methods: The cyclotrino (open access)

Advanced accelerator methods: The cyclotrino

Several new and unusual, advanced techniques in the small cyclotron are described. The cyclotron is run at low energy, using negative ions and at high harmonics. Electrostatic focusing is used exclusively. The ion source and injection system is in the center, which unfortunately does not provide enough current, but the new system design should solve this problem. An electrostatic extractor that runs at low voltage, under 5 kV, and a microchannel plate detector which is able to discriminate low energy ions from the /sup 14/C are used. The resolution is sufficient for /sup 14/C dating and a higher intensity source should allow dating of a milligram size sample of 30,000 year old material with less than 10% uncertainty.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Welch, J. J.; Bertsche, K. J.; Friedman, P. G.; Morris, D. E. & Muller, R. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced materials and biochemical processes for geothermal applications (open access)

Advanced materials and biochemical processes for geothermal applications

Two Geothermal Technology Division (GTD)-sponsored programs: (1) Geothermal Materials Development, and (2) Advanced Biochemical Processes for Geothermal Brines, are described. In the former, work in the following tasks is in progress: (1) high temperature elastomeric materials for dynamic sealing applications, (2) advanced high temperature (300/sup 0/C) lightweight (1.1 g/cc) well cementing materials, (3) thermally conductive composites for heat exchanger tubing, (4) corrosion rates for metals in brine-contaminated binary plant working fluids, and (5) elastomeric liners for well casing. Methods for the utilization and/or the low cost environmentally acceptable disposal of toxic geothermal residues are being developed in the second program. This work is performed in two tasks. In one, microorganisms that can interact with toxic metals found in geothermal residues to convert them into soluble species for subsequent reinjection back into the reservoir or to concentrate them for removal by conventional processes are being identified. In the second task, process conditions are being defined for the encapsulation of untreated or partially biochemically treated residues in Portland cement-based formulations and the subsequent utilization of the waste fractions in building materials. Both processing methods yield materials which appear to meet disposal criteria for non-toxic solid waste, and their technical and economic feasibilities …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Kukacka, L. E.; van Rooyen, D. & Premuzic, E. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aerial Gamma Ray and Magnetic Survey, Final Report. Volume 1: Rice Lake Quadrangle (Wisconsin), Iron Mountain Quadrangle (Wisconsin/Michigan), Eau Claire Quadrangle (Wisconsin/Minnesota), and Green Bay Quadrangle (Wisconsin) (open access)

Aerial Gamma Ray and Magnetic Survey, Final Report. Volume 1: Rice Lake Quadrangle (Wisconsin), Iron Mountain Quadrangle (Wisconsin/Michigan), Eau Claire Quadrangle (Wisconsin/Minnesota), and Green Bay Quadrangle (Wisconsin)

A high sensitivity airborne radiometric and magnetic survey of the Rice Like, Iron Mountain, Eau Claire and Green Bay 1:250,000 NMTS Quadrangles within the states of Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota. A total of 10,340 line miles of high sensitivity radiometric and magnetic data were collected within these quadrangles. Traverse lines were flown at a spacing of 3.125 miles in an east/west direction at a 18.375 miles seperation. All data were collected utilizing a fixed wing aircraft and over 3,500 cubic inches of Nal crystal detector. Magnetometer data were collected utilizing a high sensitivity proton magnetometer. Data were recorded digitally at 1.0 second intervals aboard the aircraft. Navigation was performed using both visual and doppler techniques. All data presented in this report as corrected profiles of all radiometric variables, magnetic data, radar and barometric altimeter data, air temperature and airborne bismuth contributions. Radiometric data presented are corrected for Comptron Scatter, altitude dependence and atmospheric Bismuth. These data are also presented on microfiche, and digital magnetic tapes. In addition, anomaly maps and inerpretation maps are presented in relating known geology or soil distribution to the corrected radiometric magnetic data.
Date: April 1987
Creator: GeoMetrics, Inc.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An algorithm for the calculation of 3-D ICRF (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies) fields in tokamak geometry (open access)

An algorithm for the calculation of 3-D ICRF (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies) fields in tokamak geometry

A computational scheme is developed which permits tractable calculation of three-dimensional full-wave solutions to the Maxwell-Vlasov equations under typical Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) experimental conditions. The method is unique in that power deposition to the plasma is determined via the anti-Hermitian part of a truncated warm-plasma dielectric operator, rather than as the result of an assumed phenomenological collision frequency. The resulting computer code allows arbitrary variation of density, temperature, magnetic field, and minority concentration in the poloidal plane by performing a convolution of poloidal modes to produce a coupled system of differential equations in the radial variable. By assuming no inhomogeneity along the toroidal axis, an inverse transform over k/sub parallel/ is performed to yield the full three-dimensional field solutions. The application of the code to TFTR-like plasmas shows a mild resonance structure in antenna loading related to the changing number of wavelengths between antenna and the resonance layer. 48 figs.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Smithe, D.N.; Colestock, P.L.; Kashuba, R.J. & Kammash, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Fish Kills and Associated Water Quality Conditions in the Trinity River, Texas: [Part] 1. Review of Historical Data, 1970-1985 (open access)

Analysis of Fish Kills and Associated Water Quality Conditions in the Trinity River, Texas: [Part] 1. Review of Historical Data, 1970-1985

Report documenting an investigation regarding dead fish in the water and possible factors such as water quality in the Trinity River in Texas.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Texas Water Commission
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
An analytic model for flow reversal in divertor plasmas (open access)

An analytic model for flow reversal in divertor plasmas

An analytic model is developed and used to study the phenomenon of flow reversal which is observed in two-dimensional simulations of divertor plasmas. The effect is shown to be caused by the radial spread of neutral particles emitted from the divertor target which can lead to a strong peaking of the ionization source at certain radial locations. The results indicate that flow reversal over a portion of the width of the scrape-off layer is inevitable in high recycling conditions. Implications for impurity transport and particle removal in reactors are discussed.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Cooke, P.I.H. & Prinja, A.K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analytic theory of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a uniform density plasma-filled ion diode (open access)

Analytic theory of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a uniform density plasma-filled ion diode

The J-vector x B-vector forces associated with the surface current of a plasma-filled ion diode will accelerate this plasma fill toward the anode surface. It is well known that such a configuration with a high I is susceptible to the hydromagnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability in certain geometries. A number of ion diode plasma sources have been proposed, most of which have a falling density going away from the wall. A somewhat more unstable case, however, is that of uniform density. In this report we attempt to establish an upper limit on this effect with a simple analytic model in which a uniform-density plasma is accelerated by the magnetic field anticipated in a PBFA-II diode. We estimate the number of linear e-foldings experienced by an unstable surface as well as the most damaging wavelength initial perturbation. This model, which accounts approximately for stabilization due to field diffusion, suggests that even with a uniform fill, densities in excess of a few 10/sup 15/ are probably not damaged by the instability. In addition, even lower densities might be tolerated if perturbations near the most damaging wavelength can be kept very small.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Hussey, T.W. & Payne, S.S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual and Seasonal Global Temperature Anomalies in the Troposphere and Low Stratosphere, 1958 - Summer 1986 (open access)

Annual and Seasonal Global Temperature Anomalies in the Troposphere and Low Stratosphere, 1958 - Summer 1986

Surface temperatures and thickness-derived temperatures from a network of 63 well-distributed radiosonde stations have been used to estimate global and zonal annual and seasonal temperatures anomalies for the period 1958 through the summer of 1986. These anomaly estimates were made using a 1958-1977 reference period mean. Anomaly estimates are provided for surface, troposphere (850-300 mb), tropopause layer (300-100 mb), and low stratosphere (100-50 mb); (100-30mb) layers and for polar (60{degrees}-90{degrees}), temperate (30{degrees}-60{degrees}), subtropical (10{degrees}-30{degrees}), and equatorial (10{degrees}N - 10{degrees}S) zones, as well as the tropics, both hemispheres, and the world.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Angell, J. K.; Korshover, J. & Boden, T. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual environmental monitoring report of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1986 (open access)

Annual environmental monitoring report of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1986

The Environmental Monitoring Program of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is described. Data for 1986 are presented and general trends are discussed. Topics include radiation monitoring, wastewater discharge monitoring, dose distribution estimates, and ground water monitoring. 9 refs., 8 figs., 20 tabs.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Schleimer, G.E. (ed.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Anomalous electron heating and energy balance in an ion beam generated plasma (open access)

Anomalous electron heating and energy balance in an ion beam generated plasma

The plasma described in this report is generated by a 15 to 34 kV ion beam, consisting primarily of protons, passing through an H/sub 2/ gas cell neutralizer. Plasma ions (or ion-electron pairs) are produced by electron capture from (or ionization of) gas molecules by beam ions and atoms. An explanation is provided for the observed anomalous behavior of the electron temperature (T/sub e/): a step-lite, nearly two-fold jump in T/sub e/ as the beam current approaches that which minimizes beam angular divergence; insensitivity of T/sub e/ to gas pressure; and the linear relation of T/sub e/ to beam energy.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Guethlein, G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The application of high frequency seismic monitoring methods for the mapping of fluid injections (open access)

The application of high frequency seismic monitoring methods for the mapping of fluid injections

This paper describes experimental work using seismic methods for monitoring the path of fluid injections. The most obvious application is the high pressure fluid injections for the purpose of hydrofracturing. Other applications are the injection of grout into shallow subsurface structures and the disposal of fluids in the geothermal and toxic waste industries. In this paper hydrofracture monitoring and grout injections will be discussed.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Majer, E. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appraisal Practices of Texas School Districts and Counties: 1987 (open access)

Appraisal Practices of Texas School Districts and Counties: 1987

Annual statistical report documenting assessment rations for school districts to provide taxpayers with information to determine the equity of their properties and to assist local officials who are evaluating their taxing system.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Texas Research League
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
Atom-at-a-time radiochemical separations of the heaviest elements: Lawrencium chemistry (open access)

Atom-at-a-time radiochemical separations of the heaviest elements: Lawrencium chemistry

The isotope /sup 260/Lr produced in reactions of /sup 18/O with /sup 249/Bk was used to perform chemical experiments on lawrencium to learn more about its chemical properties. These experiments involved extractions with thenoyl trifluoroacetate (TTA), ammonium alpha-hydroxyisobutyrate (HIB) elution from a cation exchange resin column, and reverse-phase chromatography using hydrogen di(2-ethylhexyl)orthophosphoric acid (HDEHP) to investigate the chemical properties of Lr. The results from the HIB elutions also give information about the ionic radius of Lr(III) which was found to elute very close to Er. An attempt to reduce Lr(III) was also made.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Hoffman, D. C.; Henderson, R. A.; Gregorich, K. E.; Bennett, D. A.; Chasteler, R. M.; Gannett, C. M. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Basic data report for drilling and hydrologic testing of drillhole DOE-2 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIIP) site (open access)

Basic data report for drilling and hydrologic testing of drillhole DOE-2 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIIP) site

Drillhole DOE-2 was drilled to investigate a structural depression marked by the downward displacement of stratigraphic markers in the Salado Formation. Contrary to several hypotheses, halite layers were thicker in the lower part of the Salado, not thinner as a result of any removal of halite. The upper Castile anhydrite in Drillhole DOE-2 is anomalously thick and is strongly deformed relative to the anhydrite in adjacent drillholes. In contrast, the halite was <8 ft thick and significantly thinner than usually encountered. The lower Castile anhydrite appears to be normal. The depression within the correlated marker beds in the Salado Formation in Drillhole DOE-2 is interpreted as a result of gravity-driven deformation of the underlying Castile Formation. Several stratigraphic units were hydrologically tested in Drillhole DOE-2. Testing of the unsaturated lower portion of the Dewey Lake Red Beds was unsuccessful because of exceptionally small rates of fluid intake. Drill-stem tests were conducted in five intervals in the Rustler Formation, over the Marker Bed 138-139 interval in the Salado formation, and over three sandstone members of the Bell Canyon Formation. A pumping test was conducted in the Culebra Dolomite Member of the Rustler Formation. Pressure-pulse tests were conducted over the entire Salado …
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Mercer, J. W.; Beauheim, R. L.; Snyder, R. P. & Fairer, G. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Basic Data Report for Drilling and Hydrologic Testing of Drillhole DOE-2 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Site (open access)

Basic Data Report for Drilling and Hydrologic Testing of Drillhole DOE-2 at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Site

From abstract: Drillhole DOE-2 was drilled to investigate a structural depression marked by the downward displacement of stratigraphic markers in the Salado Formation ~ 2 mi north of the center of the WIPP site. This depression was named informally after the shallow borehole FC-92 in which the structure was described. The presence of the depression was confirmed by drilling.
Date: April 1987
Creator: Mercer, Jerry W.; Beauheim, Richard L.; Snyder, Richard P. & Fairer, George M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bevalac external beamline optics (open access)

Bevalac external beamline optics

This handbook is intended as an aid for tuning the external particle beam (EPB) lines at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's Bevalac. The information contained within will be useful to the Bevalac's Main Control Room and experimenters alike. First, some general information is given concerning the EPB lines and beam optics. Next, each beam line is described in detail: schematics of the beam line components are shown, all the variables required to run a beam transport program are presented, beam envelopes are given with wire chamber pictures and magnet currents, focal points and magnifications. Some preliminary scaling factors are then presented which should aid in choosing a given EPB magnet's current for a given central Bevalac field. Finally, some tuning hints are suggested.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Kalnins, J. G.; Krebs, G. F.; Tekawa, M. M. & Alonso, J. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library