Radiation shielding is a key subsystem in tokamak reactors. Design of this shield must evolve from economic and technological trade-off studies that account for the strong interrelations among the various components of the reactor system. These trade-offs are examined for the bulk shield on the inner side of the torus and for the special shields of major penetrations. Results derived are applicable for a large class of tokamak-type reactors.

Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.

Quarterly report of the Areawide Waste Treatment Management Plan in/near San Antonio, Texas describing the program's activities, contract status, finances, relationships with other agencies, and additional information for the third quarter of 1977.

The low compressive strength of Kevlar reinforced composites causes concern about the ability of these materials to withstand bearing loads in bolted joints. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the pin bearing load-deflection response of (0/90/+-45), (0/90) and (+-45) Kevlar 49 fabric/epoxy laminates. Laminate thicknesses from 0.075 in. to 0.300 in. were examined for pin diameters ranging from 0.125 in. to 0.500 in. Results of this study revealed three significant points: (1) a synergistic effect takes place in the (0/90/+-45) ply stacking sequence which results in higher yield and ultimate strengths than the (0/90) and (+-45) laminates; (2) bearing strength varies inversely with pin diameter, probably due to the statistical strength behavior of these materials; and (3) nominal bearing yield strengths are very low (10 to 20 ksi). It is concluded that joint designs should incorporate local reinforcement in bolted or pinned areas.

The status of the Solar Irrigation Program is summarized. The program initially consisted of a shallow well experiment that is now under construction in New Mexico. It has recently been expanded to include a deep well experiment in Arizona and a follow-on, as yet undefined, demonstration system. Most of this report is limited to technical discussions of the shallow well experiment design, and analyses are given which support the design choices selected.

A value y for a uniform variable on (0,1) is generated and a table of 96-percent points for the (0,1) normal distribution is interpolated for a value of the normal variable x(0,1) on 0.02 less than or equal to y less than or equal to 0.98. For the tails, the inverse normal is computed by a rational Chebyshev approximation in an appropriate variable. Then X = x sigma + ..mu.. gives the X(..mu..,sigma) variable.

The results of an analytical effort to determine the cost effectiveness of hybrid geothermal/fossil-fuel electrical-power generating stations. The analysis is directed at combining hydrothermal and coal energy in a Rankine steam cycle, for electrical power generation for the City of Burbank, California. This effort develops a methodology for hybrid power-plant cost analysis so that preliminary plant designs can be optimized as a function of specific site conditions and characteristics. It also defines cost-optimized site-specific plant designs for four potential sites: Roosevelt Hot Springs, Utah, Coso Thermal Area, California, East Mesa, California, and Long Valley, California. These optimized designs are compared for the costs, geothermal-resource utilization, and fossil fuel saved. The results indicate that development of geothermal resources to support a hybrid power plant are favorable for at least two of the four sites.

Research involved an investigation of specific reflective membrane composites and protective coatings which appeared capable of providing the economical, efficient, durable reflective surfaces required for use with solar concentrating systems. The main part of the work on this task was the exposure of candidate materials to an outside environment. This took place at Desert Sunshine Exposure Tests, Inc. (DSET), which is located near Phoenix, Arizona. All the materials and composites tested were selected from combinations which had previously performed satisfactorily under salt-spray and humidity/temperature cycling tests. Specular reflectance of specimens to be tested was measured using the Sheldahl specular photometer, both before and after exposure at DSET. A description of these tests and a discussion of the results are presented.

From introduction: The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of a new reservoir, Raystown Lake, on downstream low-flow frequency characteristics.

The ARHCO chemical data which includes trace elements, can be used to distinguish, with a high degree of confidence, between flows in the upper (and part of the middle) Yakima basalts. They also can be used to distinguish between groupings of flows in the middle Yakima basalts, and between the lower basalts and the others. The quality of the measurements, however, was not well-controlled. The atomic absorption measurements were generally useful, but contained a significant number of poor values. The quality of the neutron activation data, with the exception of the Cr values, was generally well below that which can presently be done. Almost all data was either poorly calibrated (Sc, Co, Eu,Ba), had variations in calibration over an extended group of samples (La, Sm, Th, Ta), or had poor precision (Tb). The poorly (but consistently) calibrated data were useful for the basalt characterization and in particular the Cr measurements were very useful. The gamma ray spectroscopy measurements, which determined K, U and Th abundances, were generally of poor precision and not very useful for characterization of the basalts. They were helpful, however, in evaluating K and Th data taken by other methods. The emission spectroscopy measurements, with few exceptions, …

Strain localization in ductile crystals deforming by single slip was analyzed. The plastic flow is modeled as rate-in-sensitive; and localization, viewed as a bifurcation from a homogeneous deformation mode to one which is concentrated in a narrow ''shear band'', is found to be possible only when the plastic hardening modulus for the slip system has fallen to a certain critical value, h/sub cr/, where h/sub cr/ is sensitive to the precise form of the constitutive law governing incremental shear. The general form of this constitutive law is developed. Incorporated within it is the possibility of deviations from the Schmid rule of a critical resolved shear stress. It is shown that h/sub cr/ may in fact be positive when there are deviations from the Schmid rule. It is suggested that micromechanical processes such as ''cross-slip'' in crystals provide specific cases for which stresses other than the Schmid stress may influence plastic response and, further, there is an experimental association of localization with the onset of large amounts of cross-slip. The specific form of h/sub cr/ is given for a constitutive model that corresponds to the non-Schmid effects in cross-slip, and a dislocation model of the process is developed from which an …

In February 1976, the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) announced a greatly expanded waste management program for defense and commercial radioactive waste. In that announcement, ERDA indicated that the Oak Ridge Operations Office (ORO) of ERDA would have lead responsibility for overall coordination of the expanded commercial geologic disposal program and that an Office of Waste Isolation (OWI) would be created within Union Carbide Corporation-Nuclear Division (UCC-ND) with the responsibility for program management of that activity. This bibliography lists many of the documents authored since 1958 by UCC-ND's technical personnel, consultants, and subcontractors as part of the geologic waste disposal programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the current National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) Program. Future editions will contain new documents as well as other prior-year documents which, because of our schedule, we were unable to identify, locate, and include in this first edition. Longer-range plans include broadening the scope of coverage to include documents authored by other NWTS Program participants. This edition, as well as future editions, will list only those documents that have been processed through ERDA's Technical Information Center for public availability from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. Full reference and citation information appears …

Linear Langmuir wave damping by collisions is studied in the limit of collision frequency ..nu.. approaching zero. In this limit, collisions are negligible, except in a region in velocity space, the boundary layer, centered about the phase velocity. If the ratio kappa = (collisional equilibration time in the boundary layer) : (Landau damping time) is small, the boundary layer width scales as ..nu../sup /sup 1///sub 3//, and the perturbed distribution function scales as ..nu../sup -/sup 1///sub 3//. The damping rate is thus independent of ..nu.., although essentially all the damping occurs in the collision-dominated boundary layer. Solution of the Fokker-Planck equation shows that the damping rate is precisely the Landau (collisionless) rate. The damping rate is independent of kappa, although the boundary layer thickness is not.

The program consists generally of development of advanced conversion systems, with strong emphasis on a systems approach to find solutions of the problems of scale formation, corrosion/erosion of materials, spent brine disposal and solids handling, and development of reliable, efficient energy conversion systems with strong emphasis on development of the total flow concept. The status of the various parts of this program is reviewed briefly. (MHR)

Titles of the five sections are: program description; program plans and results; energy-conversion engineering; brine chemistry and materials; and earth sciences program. The last three sections were abstracted and indexed individually for ERA/EDB. (JGB)

Krypton gas is recovered from HTGR off-gas streams by countercurrent absorption in liquid carbon dioxide. Goodloe stainless steel wire mesh packing was chosen for the absorption columns since the process operates at -20/sup 0/C and about 20 atm pressure. Flooding points and an overall mass transfer coefficient for Goodloe-packed columns were determined with a carbon dioxide-air-water system for 6.4 and 15.2-cm-ID columns. Flood points were obtained for liquid-to-gas mass velocity ratios of 20 to 800. A mixing model, assuming plug flow for the gas and dispersed flow for the liquid, was used to calculate an overall mass transfer coefficient, K/sub L/a. K/sub L/a, based on mass concentrations, ranged from 0.01 to 0.08 sec/sup -T/ and was found to increase with increasing liquid flow rate.

Information is presented concerning experimental verification of steady-state fuel behavior codes program, fuel subassembly procurement and irradiation test program, and pressure transducer development program.

This report outlines the United States position in foreign relations as it pertains to food exports.

The study presents a general first-order cost feasibility analysis of the artificial island concept and its usefulness for the offshore siting of multiple energy facilities. The results of the study include a recommended method of cost-feasibility assessment; the collection and organization of the most useful information presently available; and a series of conclusions on feasibility for generic comparison purposes. These conclusions can be summarized as follows: (1) artificial islands to the outer bound of the continental shelf are technologically feasible; (2) offshore nuclear power plants appear to be competitive with onshore plants from a cost standpoint; (3) offshore deepwater ports appear to be more economical than proposed onshore deepwater ports, existing facilities or facilities presently under construction; (4) offshore oil refineries, except under special circumstantces, will probably be more costly than onshore counterparts; (5) the cluster-siting of facilities on an artificial island has definite cost-effectiveness potential; (6) a joint public-private financial venture with a strong federal agency lead role appears essential for the multi-facility island concept to be realized; and (7) artificial island siting of energy complexes appears to be a concept worth pursuing in terms of further site and facility-specific research, and possibly in terms of a demonstration project.

A method is described how a quantitative measure for the robustness of a given neutron transport theory code for coarse network calculations can be obtained. A code that performs this task automatically and at only nominal cost is described. This code also generates user-oriented benchmark problems which exhibit the analytic behavior at interfaces. 5 figures, 1 table.

Alpha radiolysis of solutions of tributyl phosphate (TBP) in several different types of diluents was studied. Yields of dibutyl phosphoric acid (as measured by plutonium-IV retention) and chloride were measured up to a dose of approximately 10 watt-hours per liter. Plutonium dissolved in the organic phase was the radiation source. The yields of dibutyl phosphoric acid (HDBP) and the Cl/sup -/ were the highest for carbon tetrachloride. The aromatic diluents give the best protection for TBP against radiolysis and also yield less Cl/sup -/. The low yield of HDBP in aromatic diluents can be explained by assuming HDBP formation by dissociation of the parent ion (TBP/sup +/). Several radiation-resistant diluents are suggested as alternatives to CCL/sub 4/ and their Pu(IV) extraction properties are presented.

From purpose and scope: The primary purpose of the study was to aid in evaluating the waste-load assimilative capacity of the study reach for a minimum mean 7-day low flow and 10-year recurrence interval. The results of this analysis will provide planners and managers in Routt County with information for determining the waste-load capacities of the study reach for possible design and operational alternatives of future wastewater-treatment plants.

This report is a companion one to Endangered Plant Species of the Nevada Test Site, Ash Meadows, and Central-Southern Nevada (COO-2307-11) and deals with the threatened plant species of the same area. The species are those cited in the Federal Register, July 1, 1975, and include certain ones listed as occurring only in California or Arizona, but which occur also in central-southern Nevada. As with the earlier report, the purpose of this one is to record in detail the location of the past plant collections which constitute the sole or principal basis for defining the species' distributions and frequency of occurrence in southern Nye County, Nevada, and to recommend the area of the critical habitat where this is appropriate. Many of the species occur also in southern California, and for these the central-southern Nevada records are presented for consideration of the overall status of the species throughout its range.

Continuing fission cross section ratio studies at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, one has measured the /sup 232/Th//sup 235/U fission cross-section ratio from 0.7 to 30 MeV. Using the threshold method, one obtained a value of 0.1081 +- 0.0022 for the average cross-section ratio in the interval from 1.75 to 4.00 MeV.