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Tobacco Marketing and Advertising Restrictions in S. 1648, 105th Congress: First Amendment Issues
None
Date:
April 8, 1998
Creator:
Cohen, Henry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Executive Budget Process Timetable
The executive budget process is a complex set of activities that includes formulation of the President’s budget, interaction with Congress, and execution of the budget. Table 1 provides a timetable of the major steps in the year and a half process. The initial development of the President’s budget begins in the individual federal agencies approximately 10 months before the President submits it to Congress (17 or 18 months before the start of the fiscal year).
Date:
April 8, 1999
Creator:
Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trade Promotion (Fast-Track) Authority: A Comparison of H.R. 3005 as Approved by the House and by the Senate Finance Committee
None
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Sek, Lenore
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense Acquisition Reform: Status and Current Issues
The end of the Cold War and its impact on defense spending has created a strong need to reform Department of Defense’s (DOD) acquisition system. With procurement spending down, DOD expects to depend on savings from acquisition reform to help finance future force modernization. Policymakers believe that DOD should use more commercial products because, in many instances, they cost less and their quality is comparable to products built according to DOD military specifications. Many such reform proposals are based on recognition that DOD regulatory barriers and a Cold War acquisition “culture” have inhibited the introduction of commercial products.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Possible Impacts of Major Counter Terrorism Security Actions on Research, Development, and Higher Education
None
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Knezo, Genevieve J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Education Vouchers: Constitutional Issues and Cases
This report details the constitutional standards that currently apply to indirect aid programs and summarizes all of the pertinent state and federal court decisions, including the Ohio case that will be heard by the Supreme Court. On September 25, 2001, the Supreme Court agreed to review a case raising the controversial issue of the constitutionality of education vouchers. In Zelman v. Simmons-Harris the Sixth Circuit held Ohio’s Pilot Scholarship Program, which provided up to $2500 to help low-income students in Cleveland’s public schools attend private schools in the city, to violate the establishment of religion clause of the First Amendment.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electricity: The Road Toward Restructuring
The Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA) and the Federal Power Act (FPA) were enacted to eliminate unfair practices and other abuses by electricity and gas holding companies by requiring federal control and regulation of interstate public utility holding companies. Comprehensive energy legislation has passed the House and Senate. The House passed H.R. 6 on April 11, 2003. On July 31, 2003, the Senate suspended debate on S. 14, inserted the text of H.R. 4 (107th Congress) as a substitute, and passed H.R. 6. A conference agreement was reached November 17, 2003, and passed by the House the next day. H.R. 6 includes an electricity title that would, in part, repeal PUHCA, would prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement under PURPA, and would create an electric reliability organization. On June 15, 2004, H.R. 4503, a comprehensive energy policy bill, passed the House.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Abel, Amy & Parker, Larry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Tax Policy
Omnibus energy legislation (H.R. 4) that is now in conference would expand energy tax incentives significantly. The House passed the bill on August 2, 2001, and the Senate approved its version April 25, 2002. Several energy tax issues are addressed in these bills: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas, and the demand for coal; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) selected issues relating to electricity restructuring; and 5) expiring energy tax provisions.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Lazzari, Salvatore
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gasoline Price Surge Revisited: Crude Oil and Refinery Issues
None
Date:
April 8, 2004
Creator:
Kumins, Lawrence C. & Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
India-U.S. Relations
This report discusses India - U.S relations, and its bilateral issues.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Roadless Areas: The Administration's Moratorium
On February 12, 1999, the Forest service announced a moratorium on new road construction in many roadless areas within the national Forest System. This measure is temporary (up to 18 moths) while national Forest transportation policy revision is being debated. areas protected by the moratorium include roadless areas of at least 5,000 acres, of at least 1,000 acres if contiguous to other roadless areas. However, the moratorium exempts 9 national forests with recently revised management plans and the 16 national forests encompassed by President Clinton's Northwest Forests Plan. Proponents of roadless area protection objected to exempting 25 national forests and roadless areas of less than 5,000 acres. Proponents of roadless area development object to the potential economic impact of halting planned and possible developing and to limiting public access. Congress may be asked to reverse the moratorium or to protect these areas permanently. This report will not be updated.
Date:
April 8, 1999
Creator:
Gorte, Ross W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Civics Programs in Washington, D.C.
A number of programs in Washington, D.C., explain the workings of the national government to a diverse range of Americans, from middle school students to senior citizens. This report highlights six of the most popular programs.
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Greenfield, Susan Watkins
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan's Path to Reconstruction: Obstacles, Challenges, and Issues for Congress
Once hostilities end in Afghanistan and the Afghan phase of the war on terrorism starts to wind down, reconstruction efforts will begin in earnest. International attention will likely turn to Afghanistan’s short- and medium-term future, raising questions between the United States and its allies about division of labor, burdensharing, and exit strategies. It is anticipated that Congress will examine reconstruction efforts underway, aid priorities, long-term reconstruction proposals, and the implementation role to be played by the United States.
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Margesson, Rhoda
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cooperative R&D: Federal Efforts to Promote Industrial Competitiveness
In response to the foreign challenge in the global marketplace, the United States Congress has explored ways to stimulate technological advancement in the private sector. The government has supported various efforts to promote cooperative research and development activities among industry, universities, and the federal R&D establishment designed to increase the competitiveness of American industry and to encourage the generation of new products, processes, and services. Among the issues before Congress are whether joint ventures contribute to industrial competitiveness and what role, if any, the government has in facilitating such arrangements.
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technology Transfer: Use of Federally Funded Research and Development
None
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Broadband Internet Access and the Digital Divide: Federal Assistance Programs
Some policymakers, believing that disparities in broadband access across American society could have adverse economic and social consequences on those left behind, assert that the federal government should play a more active role to avoid a “digital divide” in broadband access. One approach is for the federal government to provide financial assistance to support broadband deployment in underserved areas. Others, however, believe that federal assistance for broadband deployment is not appropriate. Some opponents question the reality of the “digital divide,” and argue that federal intervention in the broadband marketplace would be premature and, in some cases, counterproductive.
Date:
April 8, 2003
Creator:
Kruger, Lennard G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trade and the Americas
None
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Ahearn, Raymond J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2003-FY2006
On February 7th, 2005, the Bush Administration requested $3.16 billion for international HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria program in FY2006, a 9% increase over the estimated amount to be provided in FY2005. The request included $2.564 billion to be appropriated through the Foreign Operations appropriations and $596 million through appropriations for the Departments of Labor and Health and Human Services.
Date:
April 8, 2005
Creator:
Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Terrorism and National Security: Issues and Trends
None
Date:
April 8, 2005
Creator:
Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Presidential and Parliamentary Elections
Presidential elections in Afghanistan were held on October 9, 2004, with heavy turnout and minimal violence. Karzai was declared the winner on November 3, 2004 with about 55% of the vote. Parliamentary, provincial, and district elections were to be held in April-May 2005, but parliamentary and provincial elections are now to be held September 18, 2005; district elections are put off until 2006. See CRS Report RL30588, Afghanistan: Post-War Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy.
Date:
April 8, 2005
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State Estate and Gift Tax Revenue
P.L. 107-16, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, repeals the federal estate tax for decedents that die in 2010. In addition, the act repeals the credit for state estate taxes for decedents dying after December 31, 2004, and replaces the credit with a deduction. In most states, the repeal of the tax and the significant increase in the federal exclusion will also repeal or diminish state estate, inheritance, and gift taxes.
Date:
April 8, 2005
Creator:
Maguire, Steven
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: Food Aid Needs and the U.S. Response
This report discusses the implementation of United States global food aid in response to tsunamis in the Indian Ocean region, including the FY2005 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act. Funding and resources are compared based on affected country and previous congressional actions. This report was updated on April 8, 2005.
Date:
April 8, 2005
Creator:
Hanrahan, Charles E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressionally Chartered Nonprofit Organizations ("Title 36 Corporations"): What They Are and How Congress Treats Them
This report discusses a category of congressionally chartered nonprofit organizations that have as their purpose the promotion of patriotic, charitable, educational, and other eleemosynary activities . Title 36 of the United States Code, where such corporate organizations are listed with their charters, was re-codified by law in 1998 (EL 105-225).
Date:
April 8, 2004
Creator:
Moe, Ronald C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cultural Property: International Conventions and United States Legislation
This report describes relevant treaties, U.N. Security Council Resolution 1483, current U.S. law, and proposed legislation, including H.Con.Res. 113, the Iraq Cultural Protection Act (H.R. 2009 and H.R. 3497), and the Emergency Protection for Iraqi Cultural Antiquities Act of 2004 (S. 1291 and S. 671, the latter of which has passed the Senate as an engrossed amendment to H.R. 1047, the Miscellaneous Trade and Technical Corrections Act of 2004).
Date:
April 8, 2004
Creator:
Elsea, Jennifer K. & Garcia, Michael John
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library