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Office of Scientific & Technical Information Technical Reports
11,526
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146
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78
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71
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48
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47
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35
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12,020 Matching Results
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Tunable diode laser heterodyne spectrometer for balloon-borne solar radiometry in the stratosphere. [Absorption spectroscopy analysis of nitric oxide]
A wavelength tunable infrared laser heterodyne spectrometer was taken into the stratosphere as part of the instrumentation package on board the stratospheric scientific research balloon, STRATCOM VI, in order to obtain high-resolution atmospheric absorption spectra of nitric oxide and water vapor by measurement of the attenuation of the solar radiance at approximately 5.24 microns. This report describes the development of this instrument system and the experimentation that characterized its performance.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Hackett, C. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Observations of low charge state impurities in EBT
Spatially resolved profiles of low charge state carbon and aluminum ion impurity radiation from EBT were obtained in the vacuum ultraviolet. The data shows EBT to be remarkably free from impurities. Loss times in the surface plasma are found to be approximately 300 ..mu..sec. Thus about one fourth of the input power supports the surface plasma. The measurement places an upper limit on the C V density in the core plasma which indicates that the core plasma is shielded from the impurities in the surface plasma.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Warden, E. S.; Moos, H. W. & Lazar, N. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SCINFUL: A Monte Carlo based computer program to determine a scintillator full energy response to neutron detection for E/sub n/ between 0. 1 and 80 MeV: Program development and comparisons of program predictions with experimental data
This document provides a discussion of the development of the FORTRAN Monte Carlo program SCINFUL (for scintillator full response), a program designed to provide a calculated full response anticipated for either an NE-213 (liquid) scintillator or an NE-110 (solid) scintillator. The program may also be used to compute angle-integrated spectra of charged particles (p, d, t, /sup 3/He, and ..cap alpha..) following neutron interactions with /sup 12/C. Extensive comparisons with a variety of experimental data are given. There is generally overall good agreement (<10% differences) of results from SCINFUL calculations with measured detector responses, i.e., N(E/sub r/) vs E/sub r/ where E/sub r/ is the response pulse height, reproduce measured detector responses with an accuracy which, at least partly, depends upon how well the experimental configuration is known. For E/sub n/ < 16 MeV and for E/sub r/ > 15% of the maximum pulse height response, calculated spectra are within +-5% of experiment on the average. For E/sub n/ up to 50 MeV similar good agreement is obtained with experiment for E/sub r/ > 30% of maximum response. For E/sub n/ up to 75 MeV the calculated shape of the response agrees with measurements, but the calculations underpredicts the measured …
Date:
April 1, 1988
Creator:
Dickens, J. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High flux isotope reactor. Quarterly report, October--December 1976
Routine reactor operation with only three end-of-cycle shutdowns this quarter resulted in an on-stream time of 96.5 percent. Total on-stream time for the year was 93.8 percent. Basic operating data for the quarter are listed.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Corbett, B. L. & McCord, R. V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tests of a commercial version of the LLL model LC-13 laser beam calorimeter
Two specimens of a commercial version of the LLL model LC-13 laser calorimeter have been tested. A comparison of peak-reading and corrected-temperature-rise methods of treating the calorimeter response has also been performed.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Gunn, S. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biomedical and Environmental Research Program of the LASL Health Division. Progress report, January--December 1975
Separate abstracts were prepared for the six sections of the report. (HLW)
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Petersen, D. F. & Sullivan, E. M. (comps.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comprehensive information retrieval and model input sequence (CIRMIS): user's manual. [PDP computers]
This manual describes the user interaction with the CIRMIS System. The portions of the system are divided into three sections: Well-based Data Retrieval System describes the procedures involved in the retrieval of well-based data. Capabilities are available to display graphically various types of information relating to wells and/or obtain hard copy plots and line printer listings of these data. Special Applications and Manipulations describes the procedures involved in the generation and manipulation of surface files, the generation and use of map boundary files, special computer models that utilize these data, and special utility programs. Model Input Sequencing describes the procedures involved in setting up of input parameters and control of Major Predictive Models controlled by the CIRMIS system. Due to the size of these models and the large amounts of data required, they are run on a PDP-11/45 computer with large mass storage capabilities Control of these programs is provided through the use of a smaller computer with visual interactive capabilities. 59 figures. (RWR)
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Friedrichs, D. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Introduction to the theory of machines and languages
This text is intended to be an elementary ''guided tour'' through some basic concepts of modern computer science. Various models of computing machines and formal languages are studied in detail. Discussions center around questions such as, ''What is the scope of problems that can or cannot be solved by computers.''
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Weidhaas, P. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Properties of radioactive wastes and waste containers. Quarterly progress report, October--December 1976. [Urea-formaldehyde; polymer; portland cement]
The cumulative quantities of free standing water resulting from the solidification of simulated wastes with urea-formaldehyde (UF) and portland type II cement were determined. The effect of the waste/solidification agent ratio on the cumulative free standing water for selected wastes solidified with UF was found to be related to sample shrinkage. Urea-formaldehyde decontamination factors for free standing water were determined with /sup 137/Cs, /sup 85/Sr, /sup 60/Co, and /sup 59/Fe. With the exception of /sup 85/Sr for which UF was shown to have a decontamination factor of 1.6-1.9, the specific activity of the free standing water was essentially equal to that of the waste prior to solidification. The release of cesium from UF in distilled water was measured by a static leaching technique. The effect of the leachant renewal interval and the ratio of the leachant volume (V/sub L/) to the sample external geometric surface area (S) was examined. The proposed leachant renewal interval of once/day and V/sub L/S = 10cm was found to be satisfactory for leaching of these samples. Samples of a proprietary polymer agent developed by the Dow Chemical Company were tested to determine water loss with exposure to ambient air, weight loss with temperature (TGA), thermal …
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Colombo, P. & Neilson, R. M. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Observation of inverted population levels in the FM-1 Spherator
Inversions in the populations of excited levels in hydrogen and HeII were observed in the FM-1 Spherator. The inversion increases strongly as the ratio of the decay time of the electron temperature to the decay time of the electron density was decreased. Time dependent numerical calculations of the populations were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. More general calculations for high Z hydrogen-like ions are discussed.
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Suckewer, S.; Hawryluk, R. J.; Okabayashi, M. & Schmidt, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coal Liquefaction Process Streams Characterization and Evaluation: Ft-Ir Methods for Characterization of Coal Liquefaction Products
This study was designed to demonstrate the use of two FTIR techniques for the analysis of direct coal liquefaction process-derived materials. The two methods were quantitative FTIR analysis and themogravimetric (TG) analysis with FTIR analysis of evolved products (TG-FTIR). The quantitative FTIR analyses of both whole resids and THF-soluble resids provided quantitation of total hydrogen, aliphatic and aromatic hydrogen, total carbon, total oxygen, hydroxyl and etheric oxygen, and ash contents. The FTIR results were usually in agreement with values derived by other, more conventional methods. However, the accuracies of specific measurements, in comparisons with results from conventional methods, ranged from good to poor. The TG-FTIR method provided approximate analyses of coals and resids. The data provided included the time dependent evolution profiles of the volatile species and the elemental composition of the char. Reproducible data of gaseous species and pyrolysis tar yields for whole resid samples larger than 10 mg were obtainable. The yields and evolution profiles of certain volatiles (tar, CO, and methane) provided structural information on the samples. There were some experimental and interpretational difficulties associated with both techniques. Optimization of the curve-resolving routine for coal-liquefaction samples would improve the quantitative FTIR accuracy. Aerosol formation limited the full …
Date:
April 1, 1992
Creator:
Serio, M. A.; Teng, H.; Bassilakis, R. & Solomon, P. R. (Advanced Fuel Research, Inc., East Hartford, CT (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiation damage to DNA
Our goal is to calculate the probability to eject electrons from DNA by charged particles that pass near the macromolecule as they slow down in an aqueous medium that contains DNA in low concentration. This process is illustrated for a particle of charge Ze and velocity v, where impact parameters b{sub 1}, b{sub 2}, and b{sub 3} indicate the distances between the trajectory and a phosphate group, a base, and a sugar moiety, respectively. In the present state of our theoretical development, we must treat each of these components of DNA as an independent impurity site occupied by electrons in a Slater-type orbital with a characteristic orbital radius and band gap. Determination of these parameters will be discussed below; however, before we turn to that part of the discussion, it is interesting to address the question of multiple ionizations of DNA by the passage of a single charged particle.
Date:
April 1, 1992
Creator:
Miller, J. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ignition parameter Tn tau and the energy multiplication factor k for fusioning plasmas
This paper presents some novel interpretations of fusion plasmas which may be of interest to both fission and fusion scientists and engineers. A new fusion ignition parameter (Tn/sub e/tau/sub E/)/sub I/ is proposed which is proportional to ..beta../sup 2/B/sup 4/ and inversely proportional to the fusion power density (P/sub Fusion/) of a reacting plasma. Curves are given for many potential nuclear fusion fuels. The energy utilization factor in existing devices is defined as f = P/ sub Fusion//P/sub Loss/ = (Tn/sub e/tau/sub L/)/(Tn/sub e/tau/sub E/)/sub I/; in experimental plasmas, f has increased by about two orders of magnitude in the past decade and now exceeds 10/sup -4/ (a ''nearest'' f* exceeds 10/sup -3/). The f factor is also analogous to its fission counterpart in the four-factor neutron multiplication factor k = f eta epsilon p, where f is the neutron thermal utilization factor. Past, present, and future fusion experiments are discussed briefly in this context.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
McNally, J. R., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Correlation of radioactive waste treatment costs and the environmental impact of waste effluents in the nuclear fuel cycle: conversion of recycle uranium to UF/sub 6/
A cost/benefit study was made to determine the cost and effectiveness of various radioactive waste (radwaste) treatment systems for decreasing the amount of radioactive materials released from a model recycle uranium conversion and uranium hexafluoride (UF/sub 6/) production plant and to determine the radiological impact (dose commitment) of the released radioactive materials on the environment. This study is designed to assist the US NRC in defining the term ''as low as reasonably achievable'' as it applies to these nuclear facilities. The base case model plant is representative of a licensable UF/sub 6/ production plant and has an annual capacity of 1500 metric tons of uranium. Additional radwaste treatment systems are added to the base case plant in a series of case studies to decrease the amounts of radioactive materials released and to reduce the radiological dose commitment to the population in the surrounding area. The cost for the added waste treatment operations and the corresponding dose commitments is calculated for each case. In the final analysis, radiological dose is plotted vs the annual cost for treatment of the radwastes. The status of the radwaste treatment methods used in the case studies is discussed. The methodology used in estimating the costs …
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Roddy, J. W.; Blanco, R. E.; Finney, B. C.; Hill, G. S.; Moore, R. E. & Witherspoon, J. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design of a water jet drill for development of geothermal resources. Progress report, March 1, 1977--April 1, 977
Research on water jet drilling of rock is summarized. The major accomplishment within this time frame has been the modification of the nozzle in order to achieve a drilling rate of 40'' per minute in Missouri Red Granite. The major problems encountered have been a failure in the cavitation test rig, necessitating its return to the manufacturer and delays in obtaining the necessary equipment for the field drilling unit.
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Summers, A. & Lehnhoff, T. F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrodynamics of post CHF region
Among various two-phase flow regimes, the inverted flow in the post-dryout region is relatively less well understood due to its special heat transfer conditions. The review of existing data indicates further research is needed in the areas of basic hydrodynamics related to liquid core disintegration mechanisms, slug and droplet formations, entrainment, and droplet size distributions. In view of this, the inverted flow is studied in detail both analytically and experimentally. Criteria for initial flow regimes in the post-dryout region are given. Preliminary models for subsequent flow regime transition criteria are derived together with correlations for a mean droplet diameter based on the adiabatic simulation data.
Date:
April 1, 1984
Creator:
Ishii, M. & De Jarlais, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
BNL Laboratory hoods: rationalization for exemption from monitoring and reporting requirements
During an ERDA safety and health inspection, Brookhaven National Laboratory was cited for failure to monitor and report the amount of airborne contaminants released to the environment via laboratory hoods. However, an analysis of potential environment releases of radiological and nonradiological contaminants from these hoods illustrate that even under worst case situations, emissions of these contaminants would not endanger the community air quality. Brookhaven is therefore requesting an exemption from the ERDA requirement. Rationalization supporting this request is presented in this report. (auth)
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
White, O., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sensitivity theory for general non-linear algebraic equations with constraints
Sensitivity theory has been developed to a high state of sophistication for applications involving solutions of the linear Boltzmann equation or approximations to it. The success of this theory in the field of radiation transport has prompted study of possible extensions of the method to more general systems of non-linear equations. Initial work in the U.S. and in Europe on the reactor fuel cycle shows that the sensitivity methodology works equally well for those non-linear problems studied to date. The general non-linear theory for algebraic equations is summarized and applied to a class of problems whose solutions are characterized by constrained extrema. Such equations form the basis of much work on energy systems modelling and the econometrics of power production and distribution. It is valuable to have a sensitivity theory available for these problem areas since it is difficult to repeatedly solve complex non-linear equations to find out the effects of alternative input assumptions or the uncertainties associated with predictions of system behavior. The sensitivity theory for a linear system of algebraic equations with constraints which can be solved using linear programming techniques is discussed. The role of the constraints in simplifying the problem so that sensitivity methodology can be …
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Oblow, E. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technical, environmental, and socioeconomic factors associated with dry-cooled nuclear energy centers
The report includes a review of the current state-of-the-art of dry-cooling technology for industrial and power-generating facilities and an evaluation of its technical potential and cost for large nuclear power plants. Criteria are formulated for coarse screening of the arid regions of the Western United States to select a surrogate site for more detailed site-specific analyses. The screening criteria included seismic considerations, existing transportation facilities, institutional and jurisdictional constraints, waste heat dissipation effects, water requirements, and ecologic and socioeconomic considerations. The Galt site near Las Vegas, Nevada was selected for the surrogate site analysis to assess important issues related to the construction and operation of twelve dry-cooled nuclear power plants at an arid location remote from major load centers. The assessment covers geotechnical, atmospheric and hydrologic considerations, special aspects of transporting large equipment overland to the site from seaports, analyses of potential transmission routes to major load centers, local institutional and taxing provisions, and ecologic and socioeconomic impacts.
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of energy related activities on the plankton of the Chesapeake Bay. Section I. Work in progress. Progress report, 1 August 1975--31 July 1976
Progress is reported on the following research projects: release of dissolved organic carbon by phytoplankton; plankton respiration and nutrient regeneration; bacterial utilization of labeled compounds; effects of heat and chlorine on natural assemblages of Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton; and nutrient flux between sediment and water. (HLW)
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Taft, J. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Revegetation Following Artificial Disturbance. Progress Report, 1 June 1975--29 February 1976. [Agropyron Smithii, Bromus Tectorum, B. Inermis, Bantelona Gracilis]
Areas at Rocky Flats that had previously been reseeded by Rocky Flats personnel were evaluated for seeding success. Only one species in the seed mixture, Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) made a significant contribution to the stand. Two other species which made important contributions but were not in the seed mixture were Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) and B. inermis (smooth brome). The vegetation receiving chronic exposure to ionizing radiation at the Grasslands Irradiation Study Area appears to be near equilibrium although electromagnet failure prevented irradiation for approximately 3 months during late summer 1975. Secondary succession is continuing in the sectors given a seasonal, short-term exposure in 1969 but at exposures where the dominant species, Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama) was killed there is no indication that any recovery of the B. gracilis is taking place. In plots that were artificially disturbed by burning, scraping and tilling, recovery patterns in the burned plots most nearly parallel recovery patterns of the areas receiving intermediate damage from exposure to ionizing radiation. For the scraped and tilled plots, recovery patterns most nearly paralleled those receiving heavy damage from exposure to ionizing radiation where all B. gracilis was killed.
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Fraley, L. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Test of the performance of personnel dosimeters. [Comparison and evaluation of 4 performance standards]
In view of the evolution of personnel dosimeters and the variety of performance standards existing today, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) recently became interested in amending its regulations to require that personnel dosimeters used by its licensees meet specified levels of accuracy that would be verified by independent testing. The amendment being considered by NRC might also be adopted by the Energy Researh and Development Administration (ERDA), and BRH would encourage individual states to follow suit. In 1976, therefore, NRC asked Battelle-Northwest to conduct a study to compare and evaluate the four existing performance standards, using the data that had been collected according to the ANSI Standard's guidelines in 1974. Based on the evaluation of the four standards, it was hoped that additional conclusions could be drawn about the current level of accuracy in personnel dosimeters and processing services. The test standards used include two designed for application to film dosimeters (the ANSI and NSF-16 Standards), one designed for thermoluminescense dosimeters (the TLD Standard), and one that can be applied to personnel dosimetry performance (the HPSSC Standard). Results of the study are presented. (WHK)
Date:
April 1, 1977
Creator:
Nichols, L. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of boron and gadolinium on the criticality of plutonium--uranium systems
The effectiveness of soluble nuclear poisons used for control of criticality in processing reactor fuels was investigated. Results of survey calculations for Gd and B and mixtures of these elements indicate that the soluble poison mixtures are more efficient in increasing critical volume than one element alone. It is noted that each system in which soluble poisons are used must be evaluated separately based on poison costs, separation costs, and factors involving criticality. (JRD)
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Lloyd, R. C.; Clayton, E. D. & Durst, B. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Response of estuarine fish embryos to environmental temperature shock. Annual progress report, January 14, 1975--January 13, 1976
The results have demonstrated that the most sensitive stages to acute thermal shock were the 1-2 and 2-4 cell stages of periods of cell division. Late embryos and larvae were more tolerant of temperature and chemical stress than were juveniles or adults. The level and duration of exposure was not critical at less than 40/sup 0/C for 24/sup 0/C acclimated fish. Increased incubation temperatures shortened the time to hatching and fish reared at high but non-lethal temperatures had higher feeding rates than those reared below an apparently sensitive environmental level of 24/sup 0/C. The results of the exposure of different developmental stages to chlorine and temperature at different levels and for different durations are still undergoing analysis. Preliminary interpretation is possible of the 0 and 7 day larvae stage where the effects were obvious but more subtle interaction effects could occur at earlier developmental stages and not be apparent without the further statistical analysis that is underway.
Date:
April 1, 1976
Creator:
Dean, J. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library