A coordinated program for the development of improved cements specifically designed for geothermal well applications was initiated in April 1976. A successful program will lead to a major advance in the technology required to economically utilize geothermal energy. The goals for the overall program are as follows: (1) Preparation of an integrated research and development plan for the investigation of new well-cementing materials specifically designed for geothermal well applications. (2) To provide the technical basis for the development, testing, and practical demonstration of high-temperature cementing materials for geothermal wells. (3) Rapid transfer and implementation of the technology in the private sector. To date, a preliminary management plan has been prepared and the state of the art of well cementing is being determined by a series of meetings with companies that develop and utilize the technology.

A detailed comparison is made between the per capita energy consumption in the US and Sweden. Sweden uses between 55% and 65% of the per capita energy (depending on the way hydro-electricity is counted) at essentially the same per capita income. It is shown that this difference arises both from differences in the mix of economic activities and from the differences in the energy consumption per unit output of these activities. The most important contributions to the differences in energy use arise from higher efficiencies in transportation, materials processing, and space heating in Sweden. Differences in the mode mix in transportation, particularly the reliance on the automobile in the US, also contribute significantly to the lower Swedish energy use. The more severe Swedish climate substantially increases the need for space heat relative to the US, obscuring dramatic differences in space heating efficiencies. Energy costs have played an important role in creating a more energy efficient economy in Sweden, aided by institutional and cultural factors. The comparison suggests that more efficient energy use will not interfere with and can in fact improve the functions of the United States economy over the long run.

The work reviewed includes NUCLEAR PHYSICS RESEARCH; EXPERIMENTAL ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS RESEARCH

A research and development laboratory has thousands of electrical outlets providing power to laboratories, offices, shops, and service areas. These outlets provide power for a wide variety of portable equipment and tools that are equipped with cord and plug. Electric safety requires a periodic check of outlet grounding capability and continuing inspection and repair of corded equipment. Personnel, equipment, reports, procedures, and schedule requirements are reported.

The major radiological environmental impact of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is due to the operation of four particle accelerators in the pursuit of fundamental research in various disciplines including biology, chemistry, medicine and physics. Potential sources of population exposure at the Laboratory are discussed. The major source of population exposure due to accelerator operation arises from the prompt radiation field which consists principally of neutrons and photons. Release of small quantities of radionuclides is also a potential source of population exposure but is usually an order of magnitude less significant. Accelerator produced radiation levels at the Laboratory boundary are comparable with the magnitudes of the fluctuations found in the natural background radiation. Considerable effort has, therefore, been expended in understanding the magnitude of the components of natural background at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, so that the magnitude of Laboratory-produced radiation may be accurately determined. Environmental monitoring of accelerator-produced radiation and of radionuclides is carried on throughout the Laboratory, at the Laboratory perimeter, and in the regions surrounding the Laboratory. The techniques used are described. Finally, the models used to calculate population exposure are described and discussed.

Technical discussions to determine the state of the art and the potential for new geothermal well cementing materials are being held with well owners, cementing service companies, and governmental and private laboratories.

The authors have examined 1200 interactions with visible energies greater than 7.5 GeV produced by an anti-neutrino beam in the Fermilab 15-foot bubble chamber filled with a light neon hydrogen mixture. They have found one event with a {mu}{sup +}e{sup -} and hadrons in the final state, but with no evidence of strange particle production. This event may be an example of dilepton production by an anti-neutrino interaction, but other interpretations are possible. With 90% confidence, they conclude that the rate for the process {bar {nu}} + N {yields} e{sup -} + {mu}{sup +} + hadrons is {le} .8% of charged current anti-neutrino interactions with visible energy > 7.5 GeV.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the ERDA Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps has been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide the basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps has been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

The objective of this program was to continue the developmental effort aimed toward production of a composite conductor capable of carrying 10,000 A at 12 T and suitable for use in large fusion magnets. This program pertains specifically to the development of Nb/sub 3/Sn multifilamentary conductors containing tubular Nb filaments with Cu-Sn alloy cores in a high conductivity copper matrix. The specific tasks include: (1) Fabricate 1000 ft of 1000 A, 12 T conductor for coil evaluation. (2) Fabricate several lengths of 3500 A, 12 T conductors for evaluation. These samples are to contain the required copper and reinforcing material for use in a large coil. (3) Perform further experiments to optimize T/sub c/ with respect to Nb, Nb-1%Zr and the percent Sn composition in the bronze alloy. (4) Fabricate a 150 ft long sample of the optimum 3500 A, 12 T conductor following completion of Tasks 1, 2, and 3. (5) Fabricate several short test samples of 10,000 A, 12 T conductor for short sample and mechanical strain testing. (6) Furnish complete report containing the results of all tests performed, all metallurgical data and detailed descriptions of fabrication techniques used.

The transmission of neutral beams through plasmas expected in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has been investigated. An analytical expression for the transmission coefficient of a 120 keV deuterium beam through a tritium plasma was used and a model for the flux profile of the TFTR Neutral Beam System designed by LBL/LLL was developed and incorporated. The plasma is assumed to have a parabolic profile and is characterized by a major radius of 310 cm, a minor radius of 57 cm, and a central plasma density of greater than or equal to 0.4 x 10/sup 14/ cm-/sup 3/. To protect the stainless steel vacuum vessel walls of the TFTR device, tungsten plates are located inside the vessel. The loading of the tungsten protective plates during normal operation is well below the neutral beam fluxes which would melt the tungsten. The TFTR Neutral Beam System will inject a total of 20 MW of 120 keV deuterium atoms from twelve sources, as well as approximately 12 MW of 60 keV deuterium atoms. The fluxes anticipated on the tungsten plates due to an unattenuated beam which would be incident at an angle of 45/sup 0/ are less than or equal to 6.5 …

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Stanford Research Institute has installed and now operates a monitoring network to characterize the HgS distribution within the area. The location and layout of the Geysers monitoring network are shown and the instrument complement is listed by monitoring station. This analysis consists mainly of data summaries plus some interpretation. (MHR)

Using the self-consistent solutions of the Eliashberg theory, the limitations on the superconducting critical temperature T/sub c/ of isotropic superconductors are discussed.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

A series of maps have been compiled to document the structure and stratigraphy of the sediments underlying the high-level radioactive waste storage tank farms located within the Energy Research and Development Administration Hanford Reservation. The primary purpose of these maps is to provide basic geologic information to be utilized to evaluate the impact of suspected and confirmed tank leaks.

The preliminary analysis is described in a study of practical cycles for geothermal power plants. The analysis is based on three different brines whose temperatures and composition span the range that is of practical interest for power generation. Only two kinds of cycles were considered in the analysis - the steam turbine cycle and the binary cycle, in which energy from the geothermal fluid is transferred to a secondary working fluid in a closed Rankine cycle. The performance of several condidate working fluids has been investigated, and the most attracive binary cycles have been selected for the various resource conditions. The results show that if brine is utilized directly in the primary heat exchange process with the secondary working fluid, the binary cycle is potentially better in terms of resource utilization than a dual flash steam turbine cycle. However, if the brine is flashed to steam and the steam is used for the heat exchange process, the steam turbine cycle will produce more power per pound of brine flow. Preliminary turbine designs have been formulated for steam and also for the most promising working fluids in the secondary or binary cycle. For all cycle configurations at least 50 MW of …

Summaries of ten research projects are presented. They include: equations describing various geothermal systems, geohydrological environmental effects of geothermal power production, simulation of linear bench-scale experiments, simulation of fluid-rock interactions in a geothermal basin, geopressured geothermal reservoir simulator, user-oriented geothermal reservoir simulator, geothermal well test analyses, geothermal seismic exploration, high resolution seismic mapping of a geothermal reservoir, experimental evaluation of geothermal well logging cables, and list of publications. (MHR)

Sodium-cladding chemical interaction has been studied on fuel pins clad with 20% cold worked type 316 stainless steel and irradiated in the EBR-II at temperatures up to 705/sup 0/C and for exposures to 5300 hours. The measured corrosion rate of the cladding surface immediately above the top of the fuel column was 12.5 ..mu..m per year at 690/sup 0/C. The loss of Ni at 700/sup 0/C resulted in the formation of a ferrite layer approximately 5 ..mu..m thick. A zone depleted in Ni and Cr extends into the austenite from the ferrite-austenite interface an additional distance of approximately 15 ..mu..m. No large changes in volumetric average carbon or nitrogen were observed.

Detailed wind energy assessment from the available wind records, and evaluation of the application of wind energy systems to an existing electric utility were performed in an area known as the Texas Panhandle, on the Great Plains. The study area includes parts of Texas, eastern New Mexico, the Oklahoma Panhandle and southern Kansas. The region is shown to have uniformly distributed winds of relatively high velocity, with average wind power density of 0.53 kW/m/sup 2/ at 30 m height at Amarillo, Texas, a representative location. The annual period of calm is extremely low. Three separate compressed air storage systems with good potential were analyzed in detail, and two potential pumped-hydro facilities were identified and given preliminary consideration. Aquifer storage of compressed air is a promising possibility in the region.