The aim of this series of experiments was to evaluate the existence of abscopal effects of irradiation. No attempt was made towards the elucidation of mechanisms. Very early in the history of radiological research it was noticed radiation produces both local and general effects involving the entire body. Gauss and Lembcke introduced the term "Roentgenkater" (radiation sickness). They ascribed these "General Effects" to the circulation of toxic substances released from cells that disintegrated following irradiation.

Technical report. From Abstract : "The reaction of Lewis acid and base, Cr2O7= and BrO3_, in fused KNO3 - NaNO3 mixtures has been shown to involve an equilibrium followed by a slow decomposition to gaseous products."

A General Electric XRD-5 diffractometer equipped with a scintillation counter, a pulse height discriminator, and a modified version of the Model X-86G high-temperature diffractometer attachment, was modified for x-ray diffraction analysis at temperatures up to 3000 deg C. These modifications include frame assemblies, viewing port, filament materials, and thermocouples. (D.L.C.)

Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place in the 7,000 square mile area around the GNOME test site near Carlsbad, New Mexico. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.

Alpha-gamma angular correlation measurements were made with solid sources of Am/sup 243/ and with liquid sources containing either Am/sup 243/ or an even-even alpha emitter in dilute perchloric acid solutions. Even-even alpha emitters studied are U/sup 232/, Th/sup 230/, and Ra/sup 226/ . Thicknesses of the soli d sources were controlled so that the neptunium recoils from one source were stopped in Am/sub 2/O/sub 3/, while recoils from the other sources were stopped in the aluminum, gold, or mica backing on which the sources were vaporized. The liquid sources were films consisting of 3 microliters of solution placed between a rubber hydrochloride membrane and a microscope cover glass, 1 cm/sup 2/ in circular cross section. The perchloric acid concentration of the liquid sources ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 molar. All of the angular correlations obtained with solid Am/sup 243/ sources were attenuated, the average attenuation coefficients being 0.29 450 deg C in a 0.01 for sources in which recoils were stopped in Am/sub 2/O/sub 3/, 0.20 450 deg C in a 0.01 for sources in which recoils were stopped in mica, 0.52 450 deg C in a 0.02 for sources in which recoils were stopped in gold, and 0.67 450 …

Development of the reference adapter valve for the alternate on-power refueling machine head used in connection with CANDU-type power reactors is described. Results of valve component testing are included. (J.R.D.)

The report is divided into 4 major parts with several sections in each part. Separate abstracts were prepared for all sections in Parts I and II except 8 and 9 (containing information on mass spectrometry and microscopy). A summary of service analyses is given in Part III, and information concerning the ORNL master analytical manual is presented in Part IV; abstracts were not prepared for these. (J.R.D.)

Basic nuclear and reactor information for the reactor operator is presented in order that the operator will have some knowledge of safe and efficient operation. Some principles of reactor design, construction, and operation are included. Information is given on fission processes, chain reactions, reactor structural components, auxiliary systems, reactor shielding, reactor temperature and pressure measurement, and nuclear instruments. (N.W.R.)

Information concerning the corrosive effects of water in power reactor moderator-coolant systems is presented. The information is based on investigations reported in the unclassified literature believed to be fairly complete to 1959, but less complete since then. The material is presented in sections on water decomposition, water chemistry, materials corrosion, corrosion product deposits, and radioactivity. It is noted that the report is presented as a part of a continuing program in development of less expensive materials for use in reactors. (J.R.D.)

Tests were run to determine burnout conditions for sn electrically heated rod in a circular tube with an annular flow path for the upward water flow. The conditions correspond to those which might exist in a reactor core. The burnout results for the basic test geometry (straight concentric annulus) showed that a plot of burnout heat flux vs quality is a straight line with a negative slope, and that the burnout heat flux is increased by a decrease in flow or an increase in pressure, while the hydraulic diameter has a maximum effect on the flux at 0.25 to 0.5 inch. A correlation of the results is given for a certain range of conditions. The following modifications of the basic test geometry were also tested: eccentric rod, simulated spacer, sandblasted rod, and rough liner. The eccentric rod and sandblasted rod decreased the burnout heat flux, while the simulated space had no effect, and the flux for the rough liner is greater than for the smooth liner. The basic test geometry data are compared with other internally heated annular data and with multirod data. (D.L.C.)

Two methods are proposed for calculating zero-point energies of molecules. The first makes use of the fact that one can easily write down the quantum mechanical Hamiltonian for a vibration system. The zero-point energy can then be obtained by a perturbation scheme without solving the secular equation. The second method requires a knowledge of the normal modes and frequencies of a reference molecule, but then enables one to calculate isotope effects by a perturbation scheme. The methods are applied to some examples and the convergence of the perturbation series is investigated. The approximate validity of the law of the mean for the isotope effect on zero-point energies is explored within the framework of the methods.

Since 1940 it has been known that extra salt (i.e. sodium chloride) facilitated the development of experimental hypertension induced by various sterols; subsequently hypertension was induced by desoxycorticosterone acetate plus sodium chloride; then hypertension was produced by using hypertonic saline as the sole source of liquid; and finally, in 1953, Menesly and his associates reported that chronic ingestion of excess dietary salt alone would produce hypertension in rats. Furthermore, in conformity with general pharmacologic experience relating dose response to successive increments of a drug, as the average daily salt intake increased, the average systolic, blood pressure increased.

This report addresses the comments on proposed LASL LN$sub 2$ system.

Report containing a computerized means to calculate the neutron interaction between fissionable material contained in cylinders up to an array size of 20 x 20 units.

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Critical studies of a simplified mockup of the second loading (Core B) for the Enrico Fermi fast reactor were made. The core consists of a fully enriched, UO/sub 2/-stainless steel cermet clad in stainless steel and cooled by sodium. The high critical mass found for the reactor mockup led to a series of experiments on reducing neutron leakage from the core by surrounding it with different reflectors. With a nickel reflector in place, measurements were made of the reactivity worths of various engineering features of the Fermi reactor, distributed and local reactivity coefficients, various fission and capture rates and fission ratios, and the prompt-neutron lifetime. Finally, with a nickel oxide reflector in place, some of the above measurements were repeated. (auth)

S>Critical studies of two fast reactor cores are described: one contains uranium and steel; the other contains uranium, steel, and sodium. Experimental results are given for fission ratio, central and edge reactivity coefficients, fuel bunching, average prompt neutron lifetime, and distributed worth measurements. (auth)

Monthly newsletter of the High Plains Underground Water Conservation District No. 1, discussing the field of underground water. Topics include profiles of water conservation research, annual pre-plant soil moisture survey data, annual Winter Water Level measurement data, and information about the latest water conservation tips.

A review is presented of work on deformation twinning in fcc metals. Experiments which prove the existence of deformation twins are described, the characteristics of the twins are reviewed, and the stresses required for their production are analyzed. The dislocation models which have been proposed to account for the nucleation of deformation twins are reviewed. A model is proposed for the propagation of twins. (D.L.C.)

Report containing a method for the determination of beryllium in urine samples. Contains the necessary materials, apparatus, and reagents, as well as the procedure and its results.

Radiation and annealing mechanisms for dimensional and c-axis changes in which the di-interstitial can be mobile at any or all temperatures above absolute zero are shown to be concordant with earlier work used to determine the migration energy energy of single interstitials and the absolute rate of displacing atoms in graphite. The mechanisms account for the stability of c-axis and dimensional changes with time in the absence of irradiation and with observed c-axis annealing at room temperature following irradiation at low temperatures.

The heavy gas model using a synthetic kernel leads to coupled equations for the determination of the neutron flux in a bare reactor. The very special problem of solving analytically the defining equation for the energy dependent neutron flux in a region for which there are no source terms is considered. (auth)

Previous investigations that the pancreas is a radioresistant organ. Ivy in 1924 noted the presence of a fibrotic atrophic pancreas in a dog which had received one erythema dose to the epigastrium. Fisher in 1923 reported that four to five erythema doses delivered in a single application caused complete disappearance of the irradiated pancreatic remnant in about two months. These dogs died because of uncontrolled diabetes. One dog that received four erythema doses (possibly 200 r) was sacrificed after five months. At autopsy the irradiated pancreas had disappeared, but 275 mgm of regenerated pancreas were found at the base of the main duct and 100 mgm at the base of the accessory duct. Leven in 1933 implanted radon seeds into the pancreas. Dosages varied from 528 to 1584 millicurie hours. At postmorten the pancreas surrounding the seeds demonstrated fibrous atropy and foci of necrosis. The islets appeared normal but were relatively larger in size. Rauch in 1952 reported that dogs given 200 r in air over the pancreas on alternate days until a total of 1600 r was received failed to show any histological changes after two months. Lushbaugh and Spalding and Lushbaugh reported that over 1500 r of whole-body …

Kalanchoe seedlings were exposed to 330 r/20 hrs/day from a Co60 source. Samples were harvested weekly. No new leaves were produced after initial exposure to irradiation. Mitosis in the apical meristem appears to have been suppressed. However, the axillary meristem and the cambium continue their activity. This results in a much broadened stem tip with enlarged cells, supported by a stout internode in which cell size has remained relatively normal but cell number has increased. After about 26 days of exposure, meristematic activity in the shoot apex region appears to resume. This results in the formation of growth centers which can give rise to leaves or malformed structures. The original phyllotaxy is not recovered. It is suggested that this resumption of growth may be an instance of adaptation to irradiation.