Follow-up investigations of GPHS motion during heat pulse intervals of reentries from gravity-assist trajectories (open access)

Follow-up investigations of GPHS motion during heat pulse intervals of reentries from gravity-assist trajectories

Motion studies of the General Purpose Heat Source Module, GPHS, which were conducted in the heat pulse intervals associated with entries from earth gravity assist trajectories. The APL six-degree-of-freedom reentry program designated TMAGRA6C was used. The objectives of the studies were to (1) determine whether the GPHS module entering the earth's atmosphere from an earth-gravity-assist trajectory has a preferred orientation during the heat pulse of reentry, (2) determine the effect of magnus force on the roll rate and angle of attack of the GPHS during an EGA entry, (3) determine the effect of the magnitude of pitch and roll damping on the GPHS motion.
Date: March 23, 1992
Creator: Sharbaugh, R. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Regional aerosol deposition in human upper airways (open access)

Regional aerosol deposition in human upper airways

During the current report experimental studies of upper respiratory deposition of radon progeny aerosols and stimulant aerosols were carried out in replicate casts of nasal and oral passages of adults and children. Additionally, preliminary studies of nasal passage deposition of unattached Po{sup 218} particles was carried out in four human subjects. Data on nasal inspiratory deposition in replicate models of adults and infants from three collaborating laboratories were compared and a best-fit curve of deposition efficiency for both attached and unattached particles was obtained, showing excellent inter-laboratory agreement. This curve demonstrates that nasal inspiratory deposition of radon progeny is weakly dependent upon flow rate over physiologically realistic ranges of flow, does not show a significant age effect, and is relatively independent of nasal passage dimensions for a given age range. Improved replicate models of the human adult oral passage extending to the mid-trachea were constructed for medium and higher flow mouth breathing states; these models were used to assess the deposition of unattached Po{sup 218} particles during oronasal breathing in the oral passage and demonstrated lower deposition efficiency than the nasal passage. Measurements of both Po{sup 218} particle and attached fraction particle size deposition were performed in replicate nasal passage …
Date: November 1, 1991
Creator: Swift, David L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy programs. Quarterly report, January-March 1980 (open access)

Energy programs. Quarterly report, January-March 1980

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, is engaged in developing energy resource, utilization concepts, and monitoring and storage methods. This Quarterly Report summarizes the work on the various tasks as of 31 March 1980. The Energy Quarterly Report is divided into four sections. The first, Geothermal Energy Development Planning and Technical Assistance, contains reports on the progress of geothermal-related tasks on which effort was concentrated during the quarter. The second section, Operational Research, Hydroelectric Power Development, contains reports on small-scale hydroelectric investigations in the southeastern states. The third section, Seismotectonic Investigation, reports on a neotectonic investigation in Connecticut. The fourth section, Energy Conversion and Storage Techniques, contains two articles, the first on OTEC core unit testing supported by the Department of Energy/Division of Central Solar Technology (DOE/CST), and the second on an analysis of the Community Annual Storage Energy System at the US Naval Air Station, Norfolk, Va.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal energy market study on the Atlantic Coastal Plain: geothermal community heating for Cape Charles, Virginia (open access)

Geothermal energy market study on the Atlantic Coastal Plain: geothermal community heating for Cape Charles, Virginia

An economic feasibility study for a geothermal community heating system has been made for the residential heat load of Cape Charles, Virginia using the JHU/APL GRITS Computer Program. The effects of inflation, interest rates, wellhead temperatures, and the addition of reinjection wells are investigated.
Date: October 1, 1981
Creator: Leffel, C.S. Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ocean thermal energy. Quarterly report, October-December 1981 (open access)

Ocean thermal energy. Quarterly report, October-December 1981

This quarterly report summarizes work on the following tasks: OTEC methanol; approaches for financing OTEC proof-of-concept experimental vessels; investigation of OTEC-ammonia as an alternative fuel; review of electrolyzer development programs and requirements; hybrid geothermal-OTEC power plants: single-cycle performance; estimates; and hybrid geothermal-OTEC power plants: dual-cycle performance estimates.
Date: December 30, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of thermally-stable electron transport factors from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrodictium brockii (open access)

Analysis of thermally-stable electron transport factors from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrodictium brockii

The mechanisms by which hyperthermophilic archaebacteria grow and carry out metabolic functions at elevated temperatures have yet to be determined. The objective of this work is to develop an understanding of the metabolic characteristics of, and the electron transport enzymes involved in, hydrogen/sulfur transformation by hyperthermophilic archaebacteria. Efforts focus on the autotrophic H{sub 2}-oxidizing bacterium, Pyrodictium brockii which has an optimum growth temperature of 105{degrees}C. Biochemical and genetic characterization of enzymes involved in hydrogen oxidizing electron transport pathway. These including investigating the role of the membrane lipids in protecting the hydrogenase enzyme from thermal inactivation, characterization of a quinone and a c-type cytochrome, and analysis of the topology in the membrane in the net energy generating components are reported. The long-term goal is to understand some of the factors contributing to the biochemical basis of extreme thermophily.
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Genes and gene expression: Localization, damage and control -- A multi-level and interdisciplinary study (open access)

Genes and gene expression: Localization, damage and control -- A multi-level and interdisciplinary study

This progress report describes gains made in three projects entitled (1) 3-Dimensional nuclear topography of genes and chromosomes in interphase nuclei, (2) Sequence specific identification and perturbation of the genomic DNA in living cells by nonionic oligonucleotide analogs (Matagen), and Resolution and isolation of specific DNA restriction fragments.(DT)
Date: August 1, 1992
Creator: Ts'o, P.O.P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy programs at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Quarterly report, January--March 1979 (open access)

Energy programs at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Quarterly report, January--March 1979

Work on developing energy resources, utilization concepts, and storage methods is summarized and divided into three sections. The first, Geothermal Energy Development Planning, contains reports on the progress of those geothermal-related tasks where effort was concentrated during the quarter. The tasks include an ongoing Atlantic Coastal Plain Geothermal Energy Market Survey, the Delmarva Geothermal Development Prospectus, Evaluation of Federal Strategies for Hydrothermal Developments, and comments on limited tasks performed in support of the major tasks. The second section, Operational Research, Hydroelectric Power Development, includes reports on a method for quantifying institutional constraints and on institutional and regulatory restraints in New Jersey. The third section, Energy Conservation and Storage Techniques, contains a report on flywheel development.
Date: April 1, 1979
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
GPHS motion studies for heat pulse intervals of reentries from gravity-assist trajectories. [General Purpose Heat Source Module (GPHS)] (open access)

GPHS motion studies for heat pulse intervals of reentries from gravity-assist trajectories. [General Purpose Heat Source Module (GPHS)]

Motion studies of the General Purpose Heat Source Module, GPHS, were conducted in the heat pulse interval associated with entries from earth gravity assist trajectories. The APL six-degree-of-freedom reentry program designated TMAGRA6C was used. The objectives of the studies were to (1) determine the effect of ablation on GPHS motion, and (2) determine whether the GPHS module entering the earth's atmosphere from an earth-gravity-assist trajectory has a preferred orientation during the heat pulse phase of reentry. The results are given in summary form for easy visualization of the initial conditions investigated and to provide a quick-look of the resulting motion. Detail of the motion is also given for the parameters of interest for each case studied. Selected values of initial pitch rate, roll rate, and combinations of these within the range 0[degree] to 1000[degrees]/sec were investigated for initial reentry angles of -7[degrees] (shallow) and -90[degrees] (steep) and initial angles of attack of 0[degree] (broadface to the wind) and 90[degrees]. Although the studies are not exhaustive, a sufficient number of reentry conditions (initial altitude, reentry angle, angle of attack, rotational motion) have been investigated to deduce certain trends. The results also provide information on additional reentry conditions that need to be …
Date: March 1, 1990
Creator: Lucero, E. F. & Sharbaugh, R. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Potential geothermal energy use at the Naval Air Rework Facilities, Norfolk, Virginia and Jacksonville, Florida, and at the naval shipyard, Charleston, South Carolina (open access)

Potential geothermal energy use at the Naval Air Rework Facilities, Norfolk, Virginia and Jacksonville, Florida, and at the naval shipyard, Charleston, South Carolina

The feasibility of geothermal energy use at naval installations in Norfolk, VA, Jacksonville, FL, and Charleston, SC was assessed. Geophysical and geological studies of the above areas were performed. Engineering and economic factors, affecting potential energy use, were evaluated. The Norfolk and Jacksonville facilities are identified as candidates for geothermal systems. System costs are predicted. Economic benefits of the proposed geothermal systems are forecast, using the net present value method of predicting future income.
Date: May 1, 1984
Creator: Costain, J. K.; Glover, L., III & Newman, R. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy programs at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Quarterly report, October--December 1978 (open access)

Energy programs at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Quarterly report, October--December 1978

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, under contracts with the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, U.S. Maritime Administration, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Commerce, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, is engaged in developing energy resources, utilization concepts, and storage methods. This report is divided into four sections. The first, Geothermal Energy Programs, contains reports on various geothermal investigations in the Atlantic Coastal Plain; a Geothermal Energy Market Survey and a development scenario for the Delmarva area of Maryland. The second, Small-Scale Hydroelectric Energy, contains the results of several major studies on dams and on the economic and institutional issues related to their redevelopment. The third section contains progress reports on two major tasks performed for the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Program, Ocean Engineering and Heat Exchangers for OTEC systems. The fourth section, Conservation and Mechanical Storage of Energy, contains reports on flywheels and a JHU-funded heat pump application to the physical plant at APL.
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Users manual for Aerospace Nuclear Safety Program six-degree-of-freedom reentry simulation (TMAGRA6C) (open access)

Users manual for Aerospace Nuclear Safety Program six-degree-of-freedom reentry simulation (TMAGRA6C)

This report documents the updated six-degree-of-freedom reentry simulation TMAGRA6C used in the Aerospace Nuclear Safety Program, ANSP. The simulation provides for the inclusion of the effects of ablation on the aerodynamic stability and drag of reentry bodies, specifically the General Purpose Heat Source, GPHS. The existing six-degree-of-freedom reentry body simulations (TMAGRA6A and TMAGRA6B) used in the JHU/APL Nuclear Safety Program do not include aerodynamic effects resulting from geometric changes to the configuration due to ablation from reentry flights. A wind tunnel test was conducted in 1989 to obtain the effects of ablation on the hypersonic aerodynamics of the GPHS module. The analyzed data were used to form data sets which are included herein in tabular form. These are used as incremental aerodynamic inputs in the new TMAGRA6C six-degree-of-freedom reentry simulation. 20 refs., 13 figs., 2 tabs.
Date: February 1, 1990
Creator: Sharbaugh, R. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Experimental Evaluation of the Radiation Protection Afforded by a Large Modern Concrete Office Building (open access)

An Experimental Evaluation of the Radiation Protection Afforded by a Large Modern Concrete Office Building

Abstract: "An experimental study was made to determine the effective shielding provided by a modern reinforced-concrete office building (AEC Headquarters building) from nuclear fallout. Pocket ionization chambers were used for measurement of the radiation-field strength. Fallout was simulated with distributed and point-source configurations of Co-60 and Ir-192 sources. Four typical sections were selected for study, and experiments were performed on each. These included an external wing with exposed basement walls and an external wing with a buried basement. Roof studies were made on an internal wing with a full basement and on the east end of wing A, which has a thin-roof construction. The thick-roof construction of 8 in. of concrete and 2 in. of rigid insulation covers all the building except the east end of wing A, which has 4 in. of concrete and 2 in. of insulation."
Date: May 1, 1959
Creator: Batter, J. F., Jr.; Kaplan, A. L. & Clarke, Eric Thacher
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Atlantic Coastal Plain. Geothermal energy and the eastern US: a scenario for geothermal energy development (open access)

Atlantic Coastal Plain. Geothermal energy and the eastern US: a scenario for geothermal energy development

A brief narrative outline is presented of a scenario for the development of the Atlantic Coastal Plain hydrothermal resources for geothermal space heating and cooling. Listed below are the basic assumptions made in the construction of this scenario. Since this scenario is to serve as a planning document, the steps involved in geothermal development are listed and time-phased. The most critical steps in this process are indicated. This scenario summarizes geothermal development in the entire Atlantic Coastal Plain. Separate, more detailed scenarios for each specific resource area are planned as precursors to possible implementation planning.
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Problems of hydroelectric development at existing dams: an analysis of institutional, economic, and environmental restraints in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Maryland (open access)

Problems of hydroelectric development at existing dams: an analysis of institutional, economic, and environmental restraints in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Maryland

The methodology that has been developed to analyze the impact of possible government actions on the development of small-scale hydroelectric power in the United States is described. The application of the methodology to a specific region of the United States is also described. Within the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) region, the methodology has been used to evaluate the significance of some of the existing institutional and economic constraints on hydroelectric development at existing dams. The basic process for the analysis and evaluation is estimation of the hydroelectric energy that can be developed for a given price of electricity. Considering the present constraints and a geographical region of interest, one should be able to quantify the potential hydroelectric energy supply versus price. Estimates of how the supply varies with possible changes in governmental policies, regulations, and actions should assist the government in making decisions concerning these governmental functions relative to hydroelectric development. The methodology for estimating the hydroelectric supply at existing dams is included.
Date: April 1, 1979
Creator: Taylor, R. J. & Green, L. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Eastern Gulf Coastal Plain: a scenario for geothermal energy development (open access)

Eastern Gulf Coastal Plain: a scenario for geothermal energy development

A scenario for the development of potential geothermal resources in the Eastern Gulf Coastal Plain states of Mississippi, Alabama and Florida is explained and discussed. A description of the resources and the nature of the potential applications and energy market in this region are given. A ranking of the resources as to their energy content, potential market, etc., is described, and the assumptions and strategy used to generate the scenario are discussed. A more complete report on the detailed aspects involved in the preparation of the development scenario will be issued in the near future.
Date: February 1, 1978
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental assessment of Chalk Point cooling tower drift and vapor emissions (open access)

Environmental assessment of Chalk Point cooling tower drift and vapor emissions

An assessment is provided of selected environmental effects of operating the cooling towers and stacks of Units No. 3 and No. 4 of the Potomac Electric Power Company's generating station at Chalk Point, Maryland. The emphasis is on the magnitude of salt deposition to the area surrounding the cooling tower due to saline water drift. A secondary but important consideration is the magnitude of salt loading due to saline drift from the stack which uses saline river water in scrubbing flue gases. This salt loading together with that of the ambient salt background is assessed for its effects on soils, crops, native vegetation and man-made structures. Other atmospheric effects examined are: enhancement of ground level fogging and icing, enhancement of precipitation, and the flight hazards to aircraft. A numerical model of drift deposition has been developed and validated against the data collected in the Dyed Drift Experiment at Chalk Point. Use of the available data model predictions indicate that with fulltime, full load operation of both 600 MW(e) units significant levels of salt deposition occur only on the plant site within 0.4 km of the source. The predicted maximum salt deposition rates are given. The effects on soils, crops and …
Date: March 1, 1979
Creator: Davis, E. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Low-cost flywheel demonstration program. Final report, 1 October 1977-31 December 1979 (open access)

Low-cost flywheel demonstration program. Final report, 1 October 1977-31 December 1979

The Applied Physics Laboratory/Department of Energy Low Cost Flywheel Demonstration Program was initiated on 1 October 1977 and was successfully concluded on 31 December 1979. The total cost of this program was $355,190. All primary objectives were successfully achieved as follows: demonstration of a full-size, 1-kWh flywheel having an estimated cost in large-volume production of approximately $50/kWh; development of a ball-bearing system having losses comparable to the losses in a totally magnetic suspension system; successful and repeated demonstration of the low-cost flywheel in a complete flywheel energy-storage system based on the use of ordinary house voltage and frequency; and application of the experience gained in the hardware program to project the system design into a complete, full-scale, 30-kWh home-type flywheel energy-storage system.
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Rabenhorst, D. W.; Small, T. R. & Wilkinson, W. O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coastal plain in Southern Arkansas (open access)

Coastal plain in Southern Arkansas

A brief narrative outline is given of a scenario for the development of geothermal heating and cooling, (1) in the Hot Springs, Little Rock, and Pine Bluff area of central Arkansas, and (2) in the southern Arkansas area. Basic assumptions about details of the scenario and the data included therein are listed. The scenario in chart form is included. (MHR)
Date: October 1, 1977
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Overview of the Chalk Point Cooling Tower Project, 1972-1979 (open access)

Overview of the Chalk Point Cooling Tower Project, 1972-1979

The objectives, methodologies, data, and analytical results of the Chalk Point Cooling Tower Program are reviewed. The overview intergrates the concepts and activities of the various program elements to provide a coherent view of the program in its entirety. Samples of the various data acquired are included together with very brief summaries of the conclusions. The report is extensively referenced to provide specific directions to the more extensive treatments of the program, data tabulations, and tape libraries available in the complete library of Chalk Point reports. The Chalk Point data is a resource for the study of cooling tower salt deposition processes and impacts in general. The methods used, while developed to facilitate the assessment of salt drift impact at Chalk Point, also have applicability to cooling tower impact analysis at other sites.
Date: March 1, 1979
Creator: Moon, M.L. (ed.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal energy and the eastern US (ERDA/DGE Region 5). Second progress report (open access)

Geothermal energy and the eastern US (ERDA/DGE Region 5). Second progress report

This report contains state-by-state fact sheets; selected scenarios for Arkansas, South Dakota, and the Coastal Plain; ERDA/DOD interfacing at selected bases in Region 5, other activities of interest; and a summary of action items/future plans. (MHR)
Date: July 11, 1977
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal energy market study on the Atlantic Coastal Plain: Ocean City, Maryland geothermal energy evaluation (open access)

Geothermal energy market study on the Atlantic Coastal Plain: Ocean City, Maryland geothermal energy evaluation

This report is one of a series of studies that have been made by the Applied Physics Laboratory, or its subcontractors, to examine the technical and economic feasibility of the utilization of geothermal energy at the request of potential users.
Date: August 1, 1981
Creator: Schubert, C.E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy programs. Quarterly report, January-March 1978 (open access)

Energy programs. Quarterly report, January-March 1978

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory is engaged in the development of energy resources, energy utilization concepts, and energy storage methods. This Quarterly Report, summarizing work completed on the various tasks as of 31 March 1978, contains comments on limited tasks, short descriptions of meetings, trips, presentations, and other limited tasks of note performed in connection with major program tasks and articles that describe these program tasks briefly, summarize the progress made to date, and indicate future efforts to be made. The major tasks fall into the following categories: Geothermal Energy Development Planning, which concentrates on the survey of potential geothermal resources and the development of scenarios for possible exploitation and utilization in DOE/DGE Region 5, which includes all the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding Texas and Louisiana; Applications Study of DOE/DGE Region 5, which concerns a study of geothermal energy applications in DOE-selected areas of the Atlantic Coastal Plain; the Low-Head Hydroelectric Program; the Community Annual Storage Energy System (CASES) and the status of a development and demonstration plan for a low-cost flywheel; and multiple-objective modeling of power plant locations.
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of potential geothermal resource areas (open access)

Evaluation of potential geothermal resource areas

A method for the comparative evaluation of geothermal prospects in the Eastern United States is proposed and illustrated. Comparisons are based on quantified data from geologic, engineering, and socio-economic sources including temperature gradient, depth to basement, drilling costs, population, and distribution by town size, as well as energy use in residential, commercial, and industrial applications.
Date: July 1, 1979
Creator: Mitchell, Franklin O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library