States

Air Quality: Multi-Pollutant Legislation in the 110th Congress (open access)

Air Quality: Multi-Pollutant Legislation in the 110th Congress

This report discusses air pollutants (petroleum, natural gas, and coal), which account for about two-thirds of U.S. electricity generation. These gases include several pollutants that directly pose risks to human health and welfare. The report also discusses the utilities that are subject to an array of environmental regulations.
Date: February 11, 2008
Creator: Parker, Larry & Blodgett, John
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality: Multi-Pollutant Legislation in the 110th Congress (open access)

Air Quality: Multi-Pollutant Legislation in the 110th Congress

This report discusses air pollutants (petroleum, natural gas, and coal), which account for about two-thirds of U.S. electricity generation. These gases include several pollutants that directly pose risks to human health and welfare. The report also discusses the utilities that are subject to an array of environmental regulations.
Date: November 2, 2007
Creator: Parker, Larry B. & Blodgett, John E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Alternative Minimum Tax for Individuals: Legislative Initiatives in the 110th Congress (open access)

The Alternative Minimum Tax for Individuals: Legislative Initiatives in the 110th Congress

This report discusses the alternative minimum tax (AMT) for individuals that was originally enacted to ensure that all taxpayers, especially high-income taxpayers, pay at least a minimum amount of federal taxes.
Date: January 10, 2007
Creator: Esenwein, Gregg A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions Through the 110th Congress, First Session (open access)

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions Through the 110th Congress, First Session

This report is intended to provide a summary of legislative attempts to address issues of energy development and preservation in the Refuge from the 95th Congress through the 110th Congress, with emphasis on the 107th through 110th Congresses.
Date: January 10, 2008
Creator: Gillis, Anne; Corn, M. L. & Roberts, Beth A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): New Directions in the 110th Congress (open access)

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): New Directions in the 110th Congress

This report provides background and analysis regarding the legislative history of Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in northeastern Alaska. It also discusses actions in the 109th Congress, the energy resources, oil and natural gas and the impact they have on wildlife.
Date: June 18, 2008
Creator: Corn, M. L.; Gelb, Bernard A. & Alexander, Kristina
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Votes and Legislative Actions, 95th Congress through 110th Congress (open access)

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Votes and Legislative Actions, 95th Congress through 110th Congress

This report provides a summary of legislative attempts to address issues of energy development and preservation in the Refuge from the 95th Congress through the 110th Congress, with emphasis on the 108th through 110th Congresses. The analysis below covers, first, the economic and geological factors that have triggered new interest in development, followed by the philosophical, biological, and environmental quality factors that have triggered opposition to it. That analysis is followed by a history of congressional actions on this issue, with a focus on those in the 107th Congress through the 109th Congress.
Date: November 19, 2008
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne & Roberts, Beth A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Brief History of Comprehensive Immigration Reform Efforts in the 109th and 110th Congresses to Inform Policy Discussions in the 113th Congress (open access)

Brief History of Comprehensive Immigration Reform Efforts in the 109th and 110th Congresses to Inform Policy Discussions in the 113th Congress

This report opens with brief legislative histories of "comprehensive immigration reform" (CIR) in the 109th and 110th Congresses. A comparative overview of key CIR provisions in the three bills that received floor action in the 109th and 110th Congresses follows. In addition to a narrative discussion of how the bills addressed the main provisions of CIR, the report provides a table that presents a comparative summary of the key features of the bills. The report concludes with observations contrasting the 2006-2007 period with the context of today's CIR debate. The report also provides an appendix that summarizes the three major CIR bills.
Date: February 27, 2013
Creator: Wasem, Ruth Ellen
System: The UNT Digital Library
Budget Reconciliation Process: Timing of Committee Responses to Reconciliation Directives (open access)

Budget Reconciliation Process: Timing of Committee Responses to Reconciliation Directives

This report examines the timing of certain stages of the budget reconciliation process and the extent to which the submission due date included in a reconciliation instruction is a predictor for the timing of committee response. Specifically, it provides information on the dates by which committees have been directed to respond to reconciliation directives and the timing of House and Senate committees in responding to such directives in the past 14 Congresses (101st-114th Congresses).
Date: January 19, 2016
Creator: Lynch, Megan S.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance: Developments in the 110th Congress (open access)

Campaign Finance: Developments in the 110th Congress

Recent events suggest continued congressional interest in campaign finance policy. This report provides an overview and analysis of 110th Congress legislation addressed in hearings or that has passed at least one chamber. The report also discusses two policy developments: Federal Election Commission nominations and a recent Supreme Court ruling that could affect future political advertising. As of the writing of this report, approximately 50 bills devoted largely to campaign finance have been introduced in the 110th Congress, but none have become law. This report contains a brief historical overview, campaign finance legislation in the 110th Congress, and recent developments.
Date: September 28, 2007
Creator: Garrett, R. Sam
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance: Legislative Developments and Policy Issues in the 110th Congress (open access)

Campaign Finance: Legislative Developments and Policy Issues in the 110th Congress

This report provides an overview of major legislative and policy developments related to campaign finance during the 110th Congress. The report discusses legislative and oversight hearings and floor action during the period. It also explores major policy issues that are relevant for Congress, but have largely occurred away from Capitol Hill. As of this writing, approximately 50 bills devoted primarily to campaign finance have been introduced in the 110th Congress, but none have become law. A new lobbying and ethics law, the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act (HLOGA) contains campaign finance provisions related to "bundled" campaign contributions and campaign travel. That measure is the only campaign finance related bill to become law during the 110th Congress.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Garrett, R. Sam
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Welfare Issues in the 110th Congress (open access)

Child Welfare Issues in the 110th Congress

As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states have the primary obligation to ensure child welfare. However, Congress provides significant federal funds to help states exercise this responsibility ($7.9 billion appropriated in FY2008). Most of this support is provided for children who are in foster care and who meet specific federal eligibility criteria. This report discusses the federal framework for child welfare policy; reviews the scope of activities, and children and families served, by state child welfare agencies; summarizes several child welfare-related hearings that were held in 2007; describes child welfare and related legislative proposals that have been introduced in the 110th Congress; and reviews child welfare programs for which funding authorization has expired or is set to expire on the last day of FY2008.
Date: February 26, 2008
Creator: Stoltzfus, Emilie
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Welfare Issues in the 110th Congress (open access)

Child Welfare Issues in the 110th Congress

As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states have the primary obligation to ensure child welfare. However, Congress provides significant federal funds to help states exercise this responsibility ($7.9 billion appropriated in FY2008). Most of this support is provided for children who are in foster care and who meet specific federal eligibility criteria. This report discusses the federal framework for child welfare policy; reviews the scope of activities, and children and families served, by state child welfare agencies; summarizes several child welfare-related hearings that were held in 2007; describes child welfare and related legislative proposals that have been introduced in the 110th Congress; and reviews child welfare programs for which funding authorization has expired or is set to expire on the last day of FY2008.
Date: June 17, 2008
Creator: Stoltzfus, Emilie
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues in the 110th Congress: Implementation and Oversight (open access)

Clean Air Act Issues in the 110th Congress: Implementation and Oversight

This report provides a discussion of several interrelated air issues of interest in the 110th Congress, including revision of the particulate standards, the role of independent scientific review in the setting of air quality standards, multi-pollutant legislation for electric power plants, mercury from power plants, and New Source Review. This report provides an overview of these issues; CRS reports that contain additional information and detailed sources are referenced in the appropriate sections.
Date: January 3, 2007
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight (open access)

Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight

This report provides a brief overview of the climate change issue as well as other Clean Air Act issues of interest in the 110th Congress.
Date: July 28, 2008
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight (open access)

Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight

This report provides a brief overview of the climate change issue as well as other Clean Air Act issues of interest in the 110th Congress.
Date: March 7, 2008
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight (open access)

Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight

This report provides a brief overview of the climate change issue as well as other Clean Air Act issues of interest in the 110th Congress.
Date: June 3, 2008
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight (open access)

Clean Air Issues in the 110th Congress: Climate Change, Air Quality Standards, and Oversight

This report provides a brief overview of the climate change issue as well as other Clean Air Act issues the 110th Congress may consider.
Date: October 19, 2007
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change: Greenhouse Gas Reduction Bills in the 110th Congress (open access)

Climate Change: Greenhouse Gas Reduction Bills in the 110th Congress

This report presents a side-by-side comparison of the major provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, and includes a glossary of common terms.
Date: March 29, 2007
Creator: Parker, Larry & Yacobucci, Brent D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change Legislation in the 110th Congress (open access)

Climate Change Legislation in the 110th Congress

This report briefly discusses the basic concepts on which climate change bills are based, and compares major provisions of the bills in each of the following categories: climate change research; emissions reduction technologies; U.S. actions pursuant to international emission reduction agreements; adaptation to the effects of climate change; GHG reporting and registration; and GHG emissions reduction programs.
Date: November 7, 2008
Creator: Ramseur, Jonathan L. & Yacobucci, Brent D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conservation and the 2007 Farm Bill (open access)

Conservation and the 2007 Farm Bill

Conservation is playing a prominent role in the development of a farm bill by the 110th Congress. This report introduces some of the issues that are influencing the development of a conservation title. It then reviews the contents of the House-passed bill, H.R. 2419.
Date: August 27, 2007
Creator: Zinn, Jeffrey A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Criminal Restitution in the 110th Congress: A Sketch (open access)

Criminal Restitution in the 110th Congress: A Sketch

None
Date: August 22, 2007
Creator: Doyle, Charles
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress (open access)

Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress

This report discusses the current political conditions of Cuba as well as its relationship with the United States. In particular, the report focuses on U.S. policy regarding how to best support political and economic change in one of the world's remaining communist nations, in the context of Fidel Castro's departure from heading the government because of poor health.
Date: June 26, 2008
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress (open access)

Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress

This report discusses the current political conditions of Cuba as well as its relationship with the United States. In particular, the report focuses on U.S. policy regarding how to best support political and economic change in one of the world's remaining communist nations, in the context of Fidel Castro's departure from heading the government because of poor health.
Date: September 24, 2008
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Davis-Bacon Act Coverage and the State Revolving Fund Program Under the Clean Water Act (open access)

Davis-Bacon Act Coverage and the State Revolving Fund Program Under the Clean Water Act

This report discusses the Davis-Bacon Act (DBA), which established a prevailing wage requirement for persons working under government contracts, and the Clean Water Act (CWA), which includes a related requirement for the construction of wastewater treatment plants. In particular, it considers the impact on state revolving loan funds (SRF), in which states contribute part of the needed funds for projects and would need to account for the prevailing wage requirement.
Date: March 26, 2008
Creator: Whittaker, William G.
System: The UNT Digital Library