Emission Rate of Fission Products from a Hole in the Cladding of a Reactor Fuel Element (open access)

Emission Rate of Fission Products from a Hole in the Cladding of a Reactor Fuel Element

It is assumed that when a hole appears in the cladding of a reactor fuel tube the fission products in the space between the fuel and the cladding will diffuse towards the hole. There they are swept away by the flow of steam past the hole. The process of diffusion is assumed to be governed by the ordinary diffusion equation with the boundary condition that the density of the fission products is zero at the surface of the hole. The diffusion equation is solved for the case of steady-state emission for a number of geometrical arrangements: long slit in plane surface; long slit in cylindrical surfaces circular hole in plane surface; circular hole in cylindrical surface; hole at end of cylindrical fuel rods and diffusion space of variable thickness. The time dependent solution of the diffusion equation is also found for a planar diffusion space. The effect of a temperature gradient is discussed.
Date: July 26, 1956
Creator: Helstrom, Carl W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Validity of the Statistical Theory of Pressure Broadening (open access)

The Validity of the Statistical Theory of Pressure Broadening

The statistical theory of pressure broadening is developed for any interaction law in which the potential energy is inversely proportional to some power of the distance between the molecules, including cases in which the forces change sign. This note is intended to prove two propositions: A. When a spectral line is broadened by single impacts of perturbing molecules and the half-width of the line is delta infinity, the statistical theory of broadening is applicable provided delta infinity . R >> 1. In this criterion T is a time comparable to the interval in which the perturbed traverses a distance equal to the impact parameter. B. Far in the wings of a line the statistical theory is always applicable.
Date: April 3, 1956
Creator: Margenau, Henry, 1901-1997
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prebunching by Velocity Modulation in Linear Accelerators (open access)

Prebunching by Velocity Modulation in Linear Accelerators

Methods of prebatching the electron beam by velocity-modulation techniques prior to injection into a linear accelerator are discussed. A particular method (i.e., bunching at the injection energy) is analyzed in detail for one- and tw0-cavidy bunching. The physical design f a single cavity prebuncher is given for a modulation voltage 10 percent of the injection voltage and a drift space of 40 cm.
Date: April 1956
Creator: Smårs, E. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Precision Beta-Ray Spectroscopy : Termination Report (open access)

Precision Beta-Ray Spectroscopy : Termination Report

Detailed information on the radiations associated with several even-even isotopes has been obtained. In some instances enough information has been gathered to allow construction of skeleton energy level diagrams for the isotopes. Activities studied were obtained from pile irradiation of pure odd-even natural isotopes and included Dy160, W182, Sm152, Gd152 and Gd154. Details of the work done on and results obtained for these isotopes are reported in section 3. Some analytic and experimental studies were carried out on the application of tilting beta-ray spectrograph sources for improvement of resolution. The uses and limitation of this technique are discussed in section 2.
Date: April 17, 1956
Creator: Fowler, C. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Study of the Mechanisms of Heat Treatment of Zirconium-Base Alloys : Status Report, July 1, 1955 - February 29, 1956 (open access)

A Study of the Mechanisms of Heat Treatment of Zirconium-Base Alloys : Status Report, July 1, 1955 - February 29, 1956

The kinetics of transformation of zirconium binary alloys is being pursued. Mechanical property variation as a function of transformation if also being investigated. Zirconium-tin and zirconium-titanium alloys transform very rapidly when quenched from the beta field. These alloys have, generally speaking, been demonstrated to be not amenable to heat treatment in the normal sense of the word. Eutectoid alloys, principally zirconium-molybdenum alloys, have shown a definite response to heat treatment in terms of mechanical property variation. An embrittling agent, probably "omega" phase, is suspect at this time for the brittleness observed in certain molybdenum alloys and the very high hardness levels reached in other alloys such as zirconium-niobium and zirconium-thorium. Work to establish the existence of omega phase is in progress and, it is hoped, suggestions for avoiding the brittle condition associated with it will be forthcoming.
Date: March 15, 1956
Creator: Domagala, R. F. & Levinson, David W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The X-ray Spectroscopy of Solids (open access)

The X-ray Spectroscopy of Solids

This technical report is based on a a paper presented in October 1955 before the Symposium of the American Society for Metals held at Philadelphia. This is by no means an exhaustive review; selection of the material discussed was made according to the author's interests. Some of the work reported here was assisted by the Office of naval Research and the Atomic Energy Commission through contracts with the Ohio State University Research Foundation.
Date: January 1956
Creator: Shaw, Charles Henry, 1908-
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Flammability of Hydrogen-Air-Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures. Final Report (open access)

Flammability of Hydrogen-Air-Nitrogen Oxide Mixtures. Final Report

Limit-of-flammability test were conducted on various hydrogen-air-nitric oxide-nitrous oxide mixtures at one atmosphere pressure and at 28 degree C. The data used to define the limits of flammability of the above mixtures are presented in tabular and graphic form and are used to construct a flammable volume in a regular tetrahedron in which the apices are pure H2, air, NO and H2O.
Date: 1956
Creator: Scott, Frank E. & Zabetakis, Michael G., 1924-2005
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Uranium Accumulation in Plants as an Indicator of Uranium Deposits in the Soil. Final Report (open access)

Uranium Accumulation in Plants as an Indicator of Uranium Deposits in the Soil. Final Report

An alpha scintillation method for the analysis of uranium accumulation in plants as an indicator of uranium deposits in the soil was developed.
Date: March 1, 1956
Creator: Kurtz, Edwin B., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Penetration of the Gut Wall by Intestinal Bacteria After X-Irradiation. Progress Report June 1, 1955 to January 31, 1956 (open access)

Penetration of the Gut Wall by Intestinal Bacteria After X-Irradiation. Progress Report June 1, 1955 to January 31, 1956

Factors affecting bacterial invasion from the intestinal tract in x-irradiated mice were investigated. P. morganii was administered in the drinking water on the seventh day following exposure to 600 r total-body x-irradiation. Mortality increased from about 40% following irradiation alone to about 62% after radiation and bacterial challenge together. No effect on mortality was produced by immunization with P. morganii prior to irradiation or injection of spleen homogenates from normal mice shortly after irradiation.
Date: 1956
Creator: Hatch, M. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Investigation of Scaling of Zirconium at Elevated Temperatures. Quarterly Status Report No. 11, December 2, 1955 to March 2, 1956 (open access)

An Investigation of Scaling of Zirconium at Elevated Temperatures. Quarterly Status Report No. 11, December 2, 1955 to March 2, 1956

This technical report reports progress in the following areas: (1) Effect of scaling time; (2) Influence of specimen shape; (3) Effect of pretreatment; (4) Possible mechanism of growth; and (5) Future work.
Date: March 13, 1956
Creator: Barrett, C. A. & Evans, E. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Echelle Spectroscopy. Seventeenth Quarterly Progress Report (open access)

Echelle Spectroscopy. Seventeenth Quarterly Progress Report

This is the seventeenth quarterly report on our echelle project, as numbered above. Our work this quarter has to some extent been directed towards the Spectroscopy Symposium held at Argonne National Laboratory on February 15, 16, and 17. This report consists principally of brief abstracts of the two papers given at this meeting. Progress since the last quarterly report included completion of the echelle comparator calibration, and the successful production and photographing of the desired spectra of praseodymium and erbium in strong magnetic fields. Considerable interest was aroused by these papers, not only because rare earth spectra are being analyzed, but because of the general applicability of our experimental techniques in producing the spectra.
Date: February 15, 1956
Creator: Harrison, George Russell, 1898-1979
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Simple mechanical Calculator for Solving Transmission Line Equations (open access)

A Simple mechanical Calculator for Solving Transmission Line Equations

A simple mechanical calculator has been developed for solving the transmission line equations when the characteristic impedance is a variable. The speed of computation is some two orders of magnitude faster than analytical methods. The theoretical basis is described and also the way in which it can be used. Some representative problems, which have benefited by us of the calculator, are discussed.
Date: 1956
Creator: {{{name}}}
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
University of Michigan Project for the Study of the Biological Effects of Irradiation for the Period of January 16, 1955 to January 15, 1956 (open access)

University of Michigan Project for the Study of the Biological Effects of Irradiation for the Period of January 16, 1955 to January 15, 1956

Progress report includes reports on (1) The isolation of pyrimidine deoxynucleotides from the acid-soluble fraction of thymus; (2) Non-specific protective effect of small lead shields against the lethal effects of whole body irradiation in the rat; (3) Strain differences in response to whole body irradiation and shielding procedures in the rat; (4) Renal clearance procedures in an evaluation of the effects of X-irradiation on renal function in a rat. A preliminary report; (5) The plasma erythropoietic stimulating factor. Observations on circulation erythrocytes and bone marrow of rats receiving protein-free extracts of rabbit plasma; (6)Additional observations on the plasma erythropoietic stimulating factor; (7) Studies on Trichinella Spiralia, VI-IX. (8) Effect of gamma radiation on infectivity of ascaris eggs. (9) Preliminary report of studies on taeniasis. (10) Studies on the role of labile humoral factors in irradiation injury. (11) Services of the Radiation Physics Unit. (12) Biological and physical effects of low energy monochromatic X-rays.
Date: 1956
Creator: Potter, Richard L.; Bethell, Frank H. (Frank Hartsuff), 1903-1959; Bohr, David F., 1915-; France, H. O. (Horace Owen), 1915-; Gomberg, H. J. (Henry Jacob), 1918-1995; Gould, Sylvester E. (Sylvester Emanuel), 1900-1970 et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Timing Circuit for the UCLA FM Cyclotron (open access)

A Timing Circuit for the UCLA FM Cyclotron

A circuit had been constructed which supplied timing pulses for the various operating components of the UCLA F.M. cyclotron as well as counter gating pulses of variable widths and adjustable positions on the cyclotron duty cycle. The pulses are timed relative to a master pulse generated when the cyclotron oscillator passes through a specified frequency in the direction of decreasing frequency, thus giving only one master pulse per duty cycle. Overall stability of the timing circuit is about one mu sec.
Date: January 1956
Creator: Jensen, Louis K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Adsorption of He3 and He4 on Activated Charcoal (open access)

The Adsorption of He3 and He4 on Activated Charcoal

The adsorption on activated charcoal of pure He3 at 2.5 and 3°K, and of pure He4 at 4°K has been measured. The volume of gas necessary to form a monolayer is approximately the same for the two isotopes. It is shown that capillary condensation does not occur in this adsorbent at low saturations. The data have been analyzed by a number of methods with consistent results.
Date: 1956
Creator: Hoffman, C. J.; Edeskuty, F. J. & Hammel, Edward F. (Edward Frederick), 1918-
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Enclosure Pressure Calculation Method (open access)

Enclosure Pressure Calculation Method

A method of determining enclosure pressure in the event of a reactor rupture is presented and a sample calculation is shown. This method was used in calculating the design pressure of the Dresden Nuclear Power Station enclosure.
Date: October 6, 1956
Creator: Bailey, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic Field Distributions in a Pinched Discharge (open access)

Magnetic Field Distributions in a Pinched Discharge

By use of small magnetic probes inserted into the discharge, the magnetic field distributions in the interior of a high-power pinched discharge have been measured as a function of time. From these data the current distributions can be deduced. By applying a static pressure calculation, in the cases when the radical pinch accelerations are small, the plasma pressure nkT in the pinch has been determined, with superimposed axial magnetic fields, and for stable and unstable configurations.
Date: November 20, 1956
Creator: Burkhardt, L. C.; Lovberg, Ralph H. (Ralph Harvey) & Phillips, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fabrication of Plutonium Ingots From Plutonium Turnings (open access)

Fabrication of Plutonium Ingots From Plutonium Turnings

Kilogram quantities of delta-stabilized and pure plutonium turnings can be cast directly into ingots of normal quality with high yields. This report describes the equipment and process used.
Date: December 1, 1956
Creator: Johnson, Karl W. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Critical Assembly of Uranium Metal at an Average U236 Concentration of 16-1/4% (open access)

Critical Assembly of Uranium Metal at an Average U236 Concentration of 16-1/4%

A uranium metal critical assembly consisted of a 15 inch diameter core with an average U235 content of 16-1/4%, surrounded by a 3 inch thick natural uranium reflector. The critical mass was 692 kg of core material.
Date: October 1956
Creator: Neuer, J. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nonweapons Activities at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Part III: Power Reactor Experiments (open access)

Nonweapons Activities at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Part III: Power Reactor Experiments

The work of the Laboratory has greatly expanded into applications of nuclear energy which are significant for national defense and security, but are not directly connected with weapons development. It was felt, therefore, that a description of the non weapons activities of the Laboratory would serve a useful purpose at this time. For classification reasons, it has been necessary to issue the report in three parts; the third part concerns power reactor experiments.
Date: June 1956
Creator: Glasstone, Samuel, 1897-1986
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Some Experiments on the Precipitation of Plutonium Compounds From Triputyl Phosphate Solutions (open access)

Some Experiments on the Precipitation of Plutonium Compounds From Triputyl Phosphate Solutions

The experiments described in this report were designed to explore the feasibility of precipitating plutonium from 35 percent TBP in Gulf BT using peroxide, fluoride, sulfide, sulfite, sulfate, cocalate, hydroxide, iodate and phosphate ions from anhydrous, dilute and concentrated aqueous sources.
Date: June 11, 1956
Creator: Maraman, W. J. & Mullins, L. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nonweapons Activities at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Part 1: Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions (open access)

Nonweapons Activities at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Part 1: Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions

The work of the Laboratory has expanded into applications of nuclear energy which are significant for natural defense and security, but are not directly connected with weapons development. It was felt, therefore, that a description of the nonweapons activities of the Laboratory would serve a useful purpose at this time.. For classification reasons, it has been necessary to issue the report in three parts; this is the first and is concerned with controlled thermonuclear reactions.
Date: June 1956
Creator: Glasstone, Samuel, 1897-1986
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Plutonium-Metal Critical Assemblies (open access)

Plutonium-Metal Critical Assemblies

The two plutonium-metal critical assemblies that have been studied at Pajarito Site are Jezebel, bare plutonium; and Popsy, a plutonium core in a thick normal uranium reflector. These assemblies and their properties are described.
Date: May 1956
Creator: Jarvis, G. A.; Linenberger, G. A. & Paxton, Hugh Campbell
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fabrication Procedure For RaLa Source Fuel Rods (open access)

Fabrication Procedure For RaLa Source Fuel Rods

A new method to procure RaLa sources was proposed by Group CMR-10, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. This method depended upon irradiation of small-diameter U235 wire in the Materials Testing Reactor, Arco, Idaho. A procedure for cladding and sealing U235 wire in stainless steel tubing, by drawing, plugging the tube ends, and welding, was developed, tested, and proved to be satisfactory.
Date: February 15, 1956
Creator: Hockett, J. E.; Duncan, J. D.; Doll, D. T. & Taub, J. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library