The Federal Reporter. Volume 4: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. October-December, 1880. (open access)

The Federal Reporter. Volume 4: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. October-December, 1880.

The Federal Reporter contains the text of decisions and commentary regarding cases tried in circuit and district courts throughout the United States. The opinions printed in the volumes include both written statements and oral comments transcribed for publication. Index of cases starts on page iii.
Date: 1881
Creator: Boyle, Peyton
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Reporter. Volume 5: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. December, 1880-March, 1881. (open access)

The Federal Reporter. Volume 5: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. December, 1880-March, 1881.

The Federal Reporter contains the text of decisions and commentary regarding cases tried in circuit and district courts throughout the United States. The opinions printed in the volumes include both written statements and oral comments transcribed for publication. Index of cases starts on page iii.
Date: 1881
Creator: Boyle, Peyton
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Reporter. Volume 6: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. March-May, 1881. (open access)

The Federal Reporter. Volume 6: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. March-May, 1881.

The Federal Reporter contains the text of decisions and commentary regarding cases tried in circuit and district courts throughout the United States. The opinions printed in the volumes include both written statements and oral comments transcribed for publication. Index of cases starts on page iii.
Date: 1881
Creator: Boyle, Peyton
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Reporter. Volume 7: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. May-August, 1881. (open access)

The Federal Reporter. Volume 7: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. May-August, 1881.

The Federal Reporter contains the text of decisions and commentary regarding cases tried in circuit and district courts throughout the United States. The opinions printed in the volumes include both written statements and oral comments transcribed for publication. Index of cases starts on page iii.
Date: 1881
Creator: Boyle, Peyton
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Reporter. Volume 8: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. August-November, 1881. (open access)

The Federal Reporter. Volume 8: Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States. August-November, 1881.

The Federal Reporter contains the text of decisions and commentary regarding cases tried in circuit and district courts throughout the United States. The opinions printed in the volumes include both written statements and oral comments transcribed for publication. Index of cases starts on page iii.
Date: 1881
Creator: Goodwin, James W.
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The UNT Digital Library
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 3. (open access)

The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 3.

Records of the War of the Rebellion include copies of army correspondence (reports, letters, telegrams, and general orders) from both the Union and Confederate Armies discussing their operations. The first series contains formal reports which, according to the preface in Volume 1, will be arranged "according to the campaigns and several theaters of operations (in the chronological order of the events), and the Union reports of any event will, as a rule, be immediately followed by the Confederate accounts" (p. iii). Index starts on page 751.
Date: 1881
Creator: United States. War Department.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 5. (open access)

The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 5.

Records of the War of the Rebellion include copies of army correspondence (reports, letters, telegrams, and general orders) from both the Union and Confederate Armies discussing their operations. The first series contains formal reports which, according to the preface in Volume 1, will be arranged "according to the campaigns and several theaters of operations (in the chronological order of the events), and the Union reports of any event will, as a rule, be immediately followed by the Confederate accounts" (p. iii). Index starts on page 1107.
Date: 1881
Creator: United States. War Department.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Churn Power. (open access)

Churn Power.

Patent for a new and improved motorized butter churn. This design is of "a simple and efficient device for converting a rotary into a reciprocating motion, which may be either vertical or horizontal, and is especially adapted to the various kinds of churns, washing-machines, and the like now in the market" (lines 13-18).
Date: January 4, 1881
Creator: Clark, William
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cultivator. (open access)

Cultivator.

Patent for a new and improved cultivator. This design "consists in the means by which the plow or cultivator standards may be adjusted to regulate the depth of the cultivators or plows" (lines 6-9).
Date: January 4, 1881
Creator: Niederauer, Charles
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Seed Planter. (open access)

Seed Planter.

Patent for a new and improved seed planter. This design "furnish[es] seed-planters for planting in hills or drills corn, sorghum, beans, rice, cotton, and other seeds, so constructed that the seed may be planted in any desired quantity, and at any desired distance apart, and with the rows at any desired distance apart" (lines 20-26).
Date: January 4, 1881
Creator: Holekamp, Julius
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Three Wheeled Vehicle. (open access)

Three Wheeled Vehicle.

Patent for a new and improved three-wheeled vehicle. This design "has an advantage over a four-wheeled vehicle in dispensing with one wheel and one or more springs. It is more readily turned than a four-wheeled vehicle, and can more easily avoid collision with other vehicles when in motion. It also offers better facilities for entering and leaving the carriage, and a vehicle for this design and of equal strength with a four-wheeled vehicle will weigh twenty to fifty pounds less" (lines 73-82).
Date: January 4, 1881
Creator: Humbert, Prosper
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Car Coupling. (open access)

Car Coupling.

Patent for a new and improved design for freight car coupling. This design calls for a sliding block, with the assistance of metal pins, to lock the link between two freight cars firmly in place. This eliminates the possibility of accidental disconnect.
Date: January 11, 1881
Creator: Upson, Bolivar J.
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Mechanical Motor. (open access)

Mechanical Motor.

Patent for a new and improved motor. This design "provide[s] an apparatus by means of which a series of weights or balls may be successively and continuously elevated to any given height, to be subsequently employed to operate any suitable machinery by gravitation" (lines 15-20).
Date: January 11, 1881
Creator: Conner, Laurance H.
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oscillating Cradle. (open access)

Oscillating Cradle.

Patent for a new and improved oscillating cradle. This design utilizes a hand-crank and gears to gently rock the wooden cradle back and forth. Also connected to the crank is a wooden rod at the bottom which gently strikes a xylophone underneath.
Date: January 11, 1881
Creator: Brown, Fred Harvey
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bale Tie Buckle. (open access)

Bale Tie Buckle.

Patent for a new and improved bale tie buckle. This design is for "bale-tie buckles so constructed that the bale can be easily and quickly tied, that will hold the tie securely, and at the same time can be made lighter and neater than ordinary buckles, while having the necessary strength" (lines 11-16).
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Starr, Henry Daniel
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bench Clamp. (open access)

Bench Clamp.

Patent for a new and improved bench clamp. This design, "[b]eing made of iron or other suitable material . . . is strong, durable, and inexpensive. It requires no bolts or screws to secure it to the work-bench or other object where its use may be required, and can be put in position and removed easily and quickly. It occupies but little room on account of its compactness, and can be applied to any piece of work without marring it" (lines 72-80).
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Murphy, James
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Evaporator. (open access)

Evaporator.

Patent for a new and improved evaporator. This design "consists in certain improvements in the construction of . . . sugar boilers or evaporators" (lines 19-21). This design utilizes "[t]he combination, with an evaporating-pan mounted upon wheels or rollers, of a furnace provided with inclined holes adjoining its sides to accommodate the wheels of the evaporator" to make said improvements (lines 57-61).
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Harman, Franklin S.
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Liquid Cooler. (open access)

Liquid Cooler.

Patent for a new and improved liquid cooler. This design "provide[s] an apparatus by means of which a variety of liquids may be simultaneously cooled as required for use as beverages, and by which the glasses or drinking vessels may be at the same time cooled and protected from dust and insects" (lines 14-20).
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Capps, Matterson F.
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Vehicle Axle Lubricator. (open access)

Vehicle Axle Lubricator.

Patent for a new and improved axle lubricator. This design utilizes threads to allow for removal and reattachment, as well as easy cleaning.
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Rochelle, John Rugeley
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Water Elevator. (open access)

Water Elevator.

Patent for a new and improved water elevator. This design "relates to improvements in water-elevators in which water is made to perform the operations heretofore performed by steam; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts . . . whereby the rarefaction of heated air is employed to raise or set in motion a continuous stream of water" (lines 14-21).
Date: January 25, 1881
Creator: Smith, William A. & Smith, Robert T.
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Buckle. (open access)

Buckle.

Patent for a new and improved buckle. This design utilizes a bifurcated end and crossbars, a flat crossbar, a swinging crossbar, a tongue, and a stud to cover the underside of the strap, which would otherwise be exposed. This eliminates the need for stitching the strap, as well as being stronger than previous buckles.
Date: February 1, 1881
Creator: Owen, Abram
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Buckle. (open access)

Buckle.

Patent for a new and improved buckle. This design utilizes two frames rather than one, and each has a stud. The studs fasten the strap(s) to the frame; thus the studs eliminate the need for a tongue and for the stitching of the strap to itself around the frame. Additionally, the larger frames allow for easier use in the cold or the dark.
Date: February 1, 1881
Creator: Owen, Abram
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Folding Crate. (open access)

Folding Crate.

Patent for a new and improved folding crate. This design "consists, in a folding crate, of a closed-bottom and open work top and sides, each made in two parts, hinged to each other at their adjacent ends . . . the upright bars, having tenons upon their ends; the strengthening-bars, each made in two parts . . . the hooks and eyes; the hasps and staples; and the rod and staple, whereby the crate is made strong and firm, and allowed to be folded compactly for reshipment" (lines 18-29).
Date: February 1, 1881
Creator: Van Hutton, William Bruno
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cement and Lime. (open access)

Manufacture of Hydraulic Cement and Lime.

Patent for improvement in“the manufacture of hydraulic cement or lime form rotten or decomposed limestone” (lines 66-68).
Date: February 8, 1881
Creator: Dimelow, John
Object Type: Patent
System: The Portal to Texas History