Extending NASA’s Exemption from the Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation Act (open access)

Extending NASA’s Exemption from the Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation Act

None
Date: May 8, 2008
Creator: Behrens, Carl E. & Niktin, Mary Beth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korean Crisis: Possible Military Options (open access)

North Korean Crisis: Possible Military Options

This report discusses the geography and military balance on the Korean Peninsula, presents the range of military options that might be applied there to specific U.S. political objectives, and assesses possible consequences. Military options discussed are: status quo, improved defensive posture, enforce sanctions, preemptive strike against nuclear facilities, and preemptive war.
Date: July 29, 2003
Creator: Bruner, Edward F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation (open access)

Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation

The passage of the reauthorization of the North Korean Human Rights Act in October 2008 reasserted congressional interest in influencing the Bush Administration's policy toward North Korea. In addition to reauthorizing funding at original levels, the bill expresses congressional criticism of the implementation of the original 2004 law and adjusts some of the provisions relating to the Special Envoy on Human Rights in North Korea and the U.S. resettlement of North Korean refugees. Some outside analysts have pointed to the challenges of highlighting North Korea's human rights violations in the midst of the ongoing nuclear negotiations, as well as the difficulty in effectively reaching North Korean refugees as outlined in the law. Further, the law may complicate coordination on North Korea with China and South Korea.
Date: October 22, 2008
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As US policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush presidency and into the Obama Administration, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks. Although the negotiations have reached some key agreements, major problems with the implementation have persisted. With talks suspended since 2009, concern about proliferation to other actors has grown.
Date: January 17, 2012
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As U.S. policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush presidency and into the Obama Administration, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks (made up of China, Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, and the United States).
Date: June 17, 2011
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Possible U.S. Policy Approaches to North Korea (open access)

Possible U.S. Policy Approaches to North Korea

This report describes President Trump's current policy toward North Korea and possible options for future U.S. policy. Options include diplomatic engagement, international and U.S. sanction increases, military strikes, destabilization of the North Korean government through intelligence activities and popular resentment, enhanced military cooperation with allies, and additional funding for preventing arms trading and related trade with North Korea.
Date: September 4, 2017
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Manyin, Mark E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As U.S. policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush and Obama presidencies, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks (made up of China, Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, and the United States).
Date: September 13, 2013
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As U.S. policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush presidency and into the Obama Administration, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks (made up of China, Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, and the United States).
Date: June 29, 2012
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

North Korea has presented one of the most vexing and persistent problems in U.S. foreign policy in the post-Cold War period. The United States has never had formal diplomatic relations with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (the official name for North Korea), although contact at a lower level has ebbed and flowed over the years. Negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program have occupied the past three U.S. administrations, even as some analysts anticipated a collapse of the isolated authoritarian regime. North Korea has been the recipient of over $1 billion in U.S. aid (though none since 2009) and the target of dozens of U.S. sanctions. This report covers the overall U.S.-North Korea relationship, with an emphasis on nuclear diplomacy.
Date: December 5, 2014
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As U.S. policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush and Obama presidencies, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks (made up of China, Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, and the United States).
Date: January 15, 2014
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. As U.S. policy toward Pyongyang evolved through the George W. Bush presidency and into the Obama Administration, the negotiations moved from mostly bilateral to the multilateral Six-Party Talks (made up of China, Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, and the United States).
Date: April 5, 2013
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

Although the primary focus of U.S. policy toward North Korea is the nuclear weapons program, there are a host of other issues, which this report explores through an overview of the U.S.-North Korea relationship, including an emphasis on the diplomacy of the Six-Party Talks. Please refer to the list at the end of this report for the full list of CRS reports focusing on other North Korean issues.
Date: November 10, 2010
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Taylor, Mi Ae
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report provides background information on the nuclear negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program that began in the early 1990s under the Clinton Administration. It also provides information on other concerns that the U.S. has with North Korea, and discusses U.S. engagement activities with North Korea.
Date: May 26, 2010
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Taylor, Mi Ae
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: A Chronology of Events in 2005 (open access)

North Korea: A Chronology of Events in 2005

None
Date: April 24, 2006
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Manyin, Mark E. & Fischer, Hannah
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report discusses the relationship between the United States and North Korea. The report focuses on North Korea's nuclear weapons program, their military and illicit activities, and international and U.S. sanctions against them.
Date: July 27, 2018
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Manyin, Mark E.; Nikitin, Mary Beth D.; Campbell, Caitlin Elizabeth & Mackey, Wil
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Legislative Actions to Repeal, Defund, or Delay the Affordable Care Act (open access)

Legislative Actions to Repeal, Defund, or Delay the Affordable Care Act

This report covers the overall relationship between the U.S. and North Korea, with an emphasis on nuclear diplomacy.
Date: January 15, 2016
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Rinehart, Ian E. & Nikitin, Mary Beth D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (open access)

North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation

This report covers the overall U.S.-North Korea relationship, with an emphasis on nuclear diplomacy. Negotiations over North Korea's nuclear weapons program have occupied the past three U.S. administrations, even as some analysts anticipated a collapse of the isolated authoritarian regime. North Korea has been the recipient of over $1 billion in U.S. aid (though none since 2009) and the target of dozens of U.S. sanctions.
Date: July 21, 2015
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Rinehart, Ian E.; Nikitin, Mary Beth & Park, Sungtae
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korean Cyber Capabilities: In Brief (open access)

North Korean Cyber Capabilities: In Brief

This report discusses how as North Korea has accelerated its missile and nuclear programs in spite of international sanctions, Congress and the Trump Administration have elevated North Korea to a top U.S. foreign policy priority. Legislation such as the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-122) and international sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council have focused on North Korea's WMD and ballistic missile programs and human rights abuses. North Korea's cyberattacks have the potential not only to disrupt international commerce, but to direct resources to its clandestine weapons and delivery system programs, potentially enhancing its ability to evade international sanctions. This report will provide a brief summary of what unclassified open-source reporting has revealed about the secretive program, introduce four case studies in which North Korean operators are suspected of having perpetrated malicious operations, and provide an overview of the international finance messaging service that these hackers may be exploiting.
Date: August 3, 2017
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Rosen, Liana W.; Rollins, John W. & Theohary, Catherine A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Peace Treaty with North Korea? (open access)

A Peace Treaty with North Korea?

This report discusses the recent comments and upcoming summits between North Korea, South Korea, and the United States regarding denuclearization and negotiating a formal peace treaty to officially end the Korean War. A brief overview of past attempts to negotiate a peace treaty between the parties in the Korean War is provided and current priorities for a peace treaty are provided.
Date: April 19, 2018
Creator: Chanlett-Avery; Lawrence, Susan V.; Manyin, Mark E. & Nikitin, Mary Beth D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Korean Crisis, 1994: Military Geography, Military Balance, Military Options (open access)

Korean Crisis, 1994: Military Geography, Military Balance, Military Options

The United States and Republic of Korea (ROK) currently seek ways to convince the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) that it should forego the manufacture of nuclear weapons, initially by allowing the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to conduct full inspections of suspected facilities. North Korea thus far has refused, although it did agree to an incomplete examination of declared sites early in March 1994. This report reviews military options open to each side as the United Nations, United States, and South Korea explore ways to resolve the resultant crisis peacefully despite threats of war from Pyongyang.
Date: April 11, 1994
Creator: Collins, John M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Korea: Procedural and Jurisdictional Questions Regarding Possible Normalization of Relations with North Korea (open access)

Korea: Procedural and Jurisdictional Questions Regarding Possible Normalization of Relations with North Korea

The Clinton Administration signed an agreement with North Korea on October 21, 1994, detailing steps to end the crisis caused by North Korea's nuclear program and pledging to "move toward full normalization of political and economic relations." Many details of the accord have not been disclosed, including the precise mechanisms to be used to provide light water nuclear reactors and annual shipments of U.S. heavy oil to North Korea, and a clear process to be followed in normalizing political and economic relations.
Date: November 29, 1994
Creator: Davis, Zachary S.; Niksch, Larry A.; Nowels, Larry; Pregelj, Vladimir N.; Shinn, Rinn-Sup & Sutter, Robert G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Biology and Population Status of Marine Turtles in the North Pacific Ocean (open access)

The Biology and Population Status of Marine Turtles in the North Pacific Ocean

From objectives and scope of work: The objective of this report is to provide a comprehensive review of the biology and population status of sea turtles potentially subject to entanglement in North Pacific high-seas driftnet fisheries. The report will assist National Marine Fisheries Service efforts to assess the impacts of the driftnet fisheries on threatened and endangered sea turtle populations.
Date: September 1993
Creator: Eckert, Karen L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview (open access)

Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview

A 1996 amendment to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) enables American victims of international terrorist acts supported by certain States designated by the State Department as supporters of terrorism - Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, and previously Iraq and Libya - to bring suit in U.S. courts to seek monetary damages. This report, which will be updated, provides an overview of these issues and relevant legislation (H.R. 5167).
Date: August 7, 2008
Creator: Elsea, Jennifer K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview (open access)

Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview

A 1996 amendment to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) enables American victims of international terrorist acts supported by certain States designated by the State Department as supporters of terrorism - Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, and previously Iraq and Libya - to bring suit in U.S. courts to seek monetary damages. This report, which will be updated, provides an overview of these issues and relevant legislation (H.R. 5167).
Date: July 15, 2008
Creator: Elsea, Jennifer K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library