Space charge as it affects ion beam transport is reviewed. The approach here will be to derive beam-current criteria for divergence from space charge, review recent theoretical models for fractional space-charge neutralization, discuss space-charge-related observations on ion-beam transport in a specific experimental system, and briefly note several applications using space charge. Experimental measurements of effective space charge are discussed for a dc ion-source test stand using a 90/sup 0/ double-focusing magnet for species separation and for a solenoidal lens magnet for trim focus of the ion beam preparatory to entrance into a 400-kV accelerator column.

The general requirements of a breeding blanket for a mirror reactor are described. The following areas are discussed: (1) facility layout and blanket maintenance, (2) heat transfer and thermal conversion system, (3) materials, (4) tritium containment and removal, and (5) nuclear performance.

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Tests were performed to determine the effect cleanliness of a surface exposed to tritium gas had on methane formation. These tests performed on 304 stainless steel vessels, cleaned in various ways, showed that the methane formation was reduced by the use of various cleaning procedures.

Solar One has been instrumented with sensors for weather data system temperatures and pressures, house electrical loads, and photovoltaic system data. An automatic data acquisition and handling system has been designed and installed to gather and then transmit data to a central computer. Programs to summarize these data and tabulate them in convenient forms have been prepared. Initial data have been obtained and analyzed to check the sensor system and to give preliminary performance characteristics of the solar system. (WDM)

Interfacing of a Perkin Elmer model 3920 gas chromatograph to the CEC 21-110B mass spectrometer has been completed and the GC/MS system is operational. Detailed descriptions of the heated probe assembly and the rapid mass-scanning module are given. Initial emphasis has been placed on the utilization of GC/MS in conjunction with field ionization (FI). Satisfactory results have been obtained. The FI source for the CEC 21-110B mass spectrometer is routinely operational. Familiarity with its operation has improved ion-abundance reproducibility. For a mixture containing aromatic hydrocarbons, thiophenes, and furans, the average percent standard deviation in the average percent ionizations is 3.55 percent from three spectra. Application of the technique of FI mass spectrometry to quantitative analysis of coal type mixtures has been explored. The consequences of sensitivity data on the analytical results have been considered. Relative weight and mole sensitivities have been determined for 30 aromatic hydrocarbons, 20 thiophenes, and 7 heteroatom (oxygen and nitrogen) containing compounds with respect to ethylbenzene. Excellent analytical data has been obtained from three known mixtures using these sensitivities. Fifty three coal-liquid samples have been processed. Empirical formulas for 5000 ions have been determined from the high-resolution (70 eV) spectra recorded on photographic plates. FI spectra …

This report describes the use of noise analysis to investigate in-core instrument tube vibrations in BWR-4 reactors. Neutron noise signals from in-core fission chambers and acoustic noise signals from externally mounted accelerometers were used in these studies. The results show that neutron noise can be used to detect vibration and, more importantly, impacting of instrument tubes against adjacent fuel channel boxes. Externally mounted accelerometers detect impacting but not rubbing of instrument tubes against fuel channel boxes. Accelerometers can monitor impacting only on the particular instrument tube where the accelerometer is mounted. Surveillance for instrument tube impacts can be accomplished using standard BWR-4 in-core power range neutron flux detectors at all instrument tube locations containing these detectors. Ex-vessel accelerometers can then be used to monitor instrument tubes that lack power range neutron flux detectors. However, noise on axial flux profiles obtained with movable in-core detectors is not a reliable indicator of impacting, because the recorder used to plot the flux profiles does not respond adequately to the noise frequency generated by impacting.

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This report addresses the findings and recommendations regarding global problems.

Documentation of the extreme aridity (approx. 3% relative humidity) of the lower stratosphere and the rapid decrease of mixing ratio with height just above the polar tropopause (20-fold in the 1st km) was begun by Dobson et al., (1946) in 1943. They recognized that this extreme and persistent aridity must be dynamically maintained else it would have been wiped out by turbulent diffusion. This led Brewer (1949) to hypothesize a stratospheric circulation in which all air enters through the tropical tropopause where it is freeze dried to a mass mixing ratio of 2 to 3 ppM. This dry air then spreads poleward and descends through the polar tropopauses overpowering upward transport of water vapor by diffusion which would otherwise be permitted by the much warmer temperatures of the polar tropopauses. Questions can indeed be raised as to the absolute magnitudes of stratospheric mixing ratios, the effective temperature of the tropical tropopause cold trap, the reality of winter pole freeze-dry sinks and the representativeness of the available observations suggesting an H/sub 2/O mixing ratio maximum just above the tropical tropopause and a constant mixing ratio from the tropopause to 30 to 35 km. However, no model that better fits all of …

Participants from thirteen member nations of the International Energy Agency and the Commission of European Communities have been conducting cooperative energy systems analyses, the goal of which is to evaluate the possible impacts of new and conservation technologies. Such studies are intended to provide analytical bases to aid future decisions on cooperative research and development projects. In the initial studies, a quantitative description of the 1974 energy system has been prepared for each participating nation. The nations accounted for approximately half of the world energy consumption in 1974. They imported more than 30 percent of their primary energy requirements from other nations of the world. Oil and natural gas supplied almost /sup 3///sub 4/ of the energy. Reference projections were made for the years 1985 and 2000 to provide base cases for studies of the impacts of new and conservation technologies. Although these projections are not intended to be forecasts, taken together they indicate an increasing gap between the demand for energy and foreseeable domestic supplies, thus underscoring the urgency for the vigorous introduction of new energy technologies as well as the need for strong efforts in energy conservation. Some preliminary evaluations of selected technologies were made as a function …

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The thermal fracture resistance of plutonia Multihundred Watt (MHW) fuel spheres was analyzed assuming boundary conditions of (1) constant heating or cooling rate for the sphere surface, (2) heating or cooling with a constant surface heat transfer coefficient at the sphere surface, and (3) heating or cooling the sphere surface solely by radiation. Thermal damage resistance (mechanical weakening) of MHW spheres was analyzed in terms of the fracture energy and crack system present in the fuel. Using available property data for porous PuO/sub 2/ between 400 and 1200 deg C, and estimating other properties from available data for UO/sub 2/ and ThO/sub 2/ the thermal shock conditions that cause fracture of the fuel sphere were estimated. Experimental values for the tensile fracture strength and the elastic modulus of the fuel as functions of temperature are presently not available and estimates were made of these properties. (auth)

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This report outlines the history and use of Executive Orders in the United States.

This report is a descriptive journey of the freedom of information cct (5 U.S.C. Sec. 552) background, judicial construction, select bibliography, and pending proposals to amend the act

This report

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Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Constitutionality of Senate Bill 140, which would provide textbooks to students in nonpublic schools.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Crawford Martin, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; What statutes control the Secretary of State in his administrative forfeiture of charters and certificates of authority of corporations for failure to timely pay franchise taxes; and what statutes apply to his reinstatement of such charters and certificates?

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Crawford Martin, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Class rings and the school district's authority to select at intervals a firm merchant with the exclusive privilege to service student purchases under school supervision and at school facilities.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; The authority of a county to redistrict justice of the peace precincts

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Department of Health may include adopted and illegitimate children on lists of children to be included in the immunization program so long as the list contains no indication of parentage or adoption.