A discussion is given of possible septum magnet parameters for small production angle experiments in the ISABELLE storage rings. Superconducting septa and torroidal septa are also considered. (PMA)

A simple analytic method is developed, based on physical approximations, for treating transient implosive longitudinal compression of bunches of heavy ions in an accelerator system for ignition of inertial-confinement fusion pellet targets. Parametric dependences of attainable compressions and of beam path lengths and times during compression are indicated for ramped pulsed-gap lines, rf systems in storage and accumulator rings, and composite systems, including sections of free drift. It appears that for high-confidence pellets in a plant producing 1000 MW of electric power the needed pulse lengths cannot be obtained with rings alone unless an unreasonably large number of them are used, independent of choice of rf harmonic number. In contrast, pulsed-gap lines alone can meet this need. The effects of an initial inward compressive drift and of longitudinal emittance are included.

An important scaling parameter or figure of merit in inertially-confined fusion is the maximum fuel rho R achieved by the target--rho is the density, and R the radius of the fuel. Every technique used, thus far, in laser-initiated-fusion-microexplosion experiments to obtain this data had major deficiencies. We examine critically the merits of the various possible methods of measuring fuel rho R and their ranges of applicability.

The development of geothermal resources in California is becoming of increasing interest because of the large amounts of these resources in the state. In response to this interest in development, the legislature and regulatory bodies have taken actions to increase geothermal power production. The important federal and California laws on the subject are presented and discussed. Pertinent federal and state provisions are compared, and inconsistencies are discussed. An important concept that needs clarification is the manner of designating an area as a ''known geothermal resource area.'' The question of designating geothermal resource as a mineral is not completely resolved, although there is authority tending toward the finding that it is a mineral.

Three high-pressure flow microreactors and two batch autoclave reactors have been used to study the reaction networks and kinetics of (1) catalytic hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes and (2) catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline, methyl-substituted quinolines, and carbazole. At the typical conditions of 300/sup 0/C and 104 atm, dibenzothiophene reacts to give H/sub 2/S and biphenyl in high yield, but there is some hydrogenation preceding desulfurization. Methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes react similarly, and each reaction is first-order in the sulfur-containing compound. Two methyl groups near the sulfur atom (in the 4 and 6 positions) reduce the reactivity tenfold, whereas methyl groups in positions further removed from the sulfur atom increase reactivity about twofold. The results are consistent with steric and inductive effects influencing adsorption. The data indicate competitive adsorption among the sulfur-containing compounds. In quinoline hydrodenitrogenation, both rings are saturated before the C-N bond is broken. Similarly, in acridine conversion, a large amount of hydrogenation precedes nitrogen removal. Breaking of the carbon-nitrogen bond is evidently one of the slower reactions in the network. The Ni-Mo catalyst is about twice as active as the Co-Mo catalyst for ring hydrogenation, and the two catalysts are about equally active for breaking the carbon-nitrogen bond. Reactivity …

This document contains copies of viewgraphs discussed in a presentation made at the Fifth Annual Power Conference, August 29 to September 2, 1977. No text. 19 figures, 11 references.

Reports and articles on decommissioning have been reviewed to determine the current technology status and also attempt to identify potential decommissioning problem areas. It is concluded that technological road blocks, which limited decommissioning facilities in the past have been removed. In general, techniques developed by maintenance in maintaining the facility have been used to decommission facilities. Some of the more promising development underway which will further simplify decommissioning activities are: electrolytic decontamination which simplifies some decontaminating operations; arc saw and vacuum furnace which reduce the volume of metallic contaminated material by a factor of 10; remotely operated plasma torch which reduces personnel exposure; and shaped charges, water cannon and rock splitters which simplify concrete removal. Areas in which published data are limited are detailed costs identifying various components included in the total cost and also the quantity of waste generated during the decommissioning activities. With the increased awareness of decommissioning requirements as specified by licensing requirements, design criteria for new facilities are taking into consideration final decommissioning of buildings. Specific building design features will evolve as designs are evaluated and implemented.

A new class of numerical algorithms for computer simulation of low frequency electromagnetic and electrostatic phenomena in magnetized plasma is presented. Maxwell's equations are solved in the limits of quasineutrality and negligible transverse displacement current (Darwin's model). Electrons are modeled as a fluid with polarization effects ignored. Ions are described as particles. A novel feature of these algorithms is the use of the electron fluid equation of motion to determine the electric field, which renders these numerical schemes remarkably simple and direct. The simulation plasma is either periodic or bounded by particle reflecting conducting walls. Both fully nonlinear codes with spatial grids and linearized gridless codes have been implemented.

Fluidized bed incineration and waste fixation processes are being used to process the types of wastes expected from nuclear fuel reprocessing and production plants. Test incineration runs have been made on two types of wastes: high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and tributyl phosphate-solvent solutions. Laboratory-scale vitrification equipment was used to produce glass pellets from incinerator ash and blends of other expected waste streams. Computer modeling gave an expected product integrity life of over 2,000 years.

Time-dependent deformation and time-dependent strength are being characterized for several candidate polymeric composites for flywheels. This presentation highlights the motivation and the philosophy of the characterization adopted by the authors in establishing the ongoing programs at LLL. This overview is intended to provide a basis for inferring the type of enginering data being generated for different aspects of flywheel design. The details of these data can be obtained from the published reports and articles. Two aspects of flywheel design data are addressed: those dealing with time-dependent statistical strength, and those dealing with deformation and strength under time-varying history.

The status of the following studies is reported: low cost current collector development, high temperature operation, catalytic electrode development, low cost polymer development, evaluation of the effect of hydrogen enrichment on older gas pipelines, cell and SPE optimization, cell assembly design, stack assembly design, manufacturing process development, and system analysis and definition.

The past, present, and future thrusts of the magnetic mirror fusion program at LLL are reviewed. Neutral beam injection, stabilization, and density-lifetime product results from the 2XIIB experiment are briefly highlighted. The rationale of the Tandem Mirror Experiment and Field Reversed Mirror Experiment now under way are discussed. Plans for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) are described. Approaches to improvement of particle containment in mirror fusion systems are briefly indicated. (RME)

Participants from thirteen member nations of the International Energy Agency and the Commission of European Communities have been conducting cooperative energy systems analyses, the goal of which is to evaluate the possible impacts of new and conservation technologies. Such studies are intended to provide analytical bases to aid future decisions on cooperative research and development projects. In the initial studies, a quantitative description of the 1974 energy system has been prepared for each participating nation. The nations accounted for approximately half of the world energy consumption in 1974. They imported more than 30 percent of their primary energy requirements from other nations of the world. Oil and natural gas supplied almost /sup 3///sub 4/ of the energy. Reference projections were made for the years 1985 and 2000 to provide base cases for studies of the impacts of new and conservation technologies. Although these projections are not intended to be forecasts, taken together they indicate an increasing gap between the demand for energy and foreseeable domestic supplies, thus underscoring the urgency for the vigorous introduction of new energy technologies as well as the need for strong efforts in energy conservation. Some preliminary evaluations of selected technologies were made as a function …

The basic purpose of the Geothermal Environmental Overview Project is to summarize and assess the state of environmental issues of the top priority KGRAs from among the 37 KGRAs currently identified by the Division of Geothermal Energy as having possibility for commercial development. The objectives of the Overview Project are inventory of available data, assessment of available data, identification of data gaps, and identification of key issues. (JGB)

The purpose of this programming project is to assign automatically reasonable molecular formulas to experimental masses obtained from high-resolution mass spectra. The program developed reads experimental carbon-12 masses, converts them to corresponding Kendrick masses, and assigns a set of reasonable molecular formulas to each Kendrick mass within a given tolerance. The computational methods to do this are based on the tables previously developed by Guffey and Weber. The methods used to search these tables and generate the corresponding molecular formulas are discussed. This program is organized now so that it is resident on a disk pack on the IBM 370/158. Data entry may be from cards or from ket-to-disk data entry (TSO) terminal. This program is being used to process data acquired from the CEC 21-110B mass spectrometer. The development of this program will be continued to increase its analytical capabilities and to increase its ease of use. Acquisition of high-resolution mass spectral data for 12 fractions obtained from separation of a Canadian Tar Oil Sand sample has been continued.

Information related to sodium fires and fission products in LMFBR type reactors is presented concerning SOMIX code development; sodium jet dispersal tests; aerosol leakage; high temperature-concentration aerosol tests; aerosol source term size; and properties of high temperature fuel mixtures.

Measurements have been made of the electrical resistivity, the acoustic wave speed, density, and water content of six groups of rock samples taken from Cenozoic volcanic units. It has been found from these measurements that the correlations between physical properties are significantly different in the case of volcanic rocks than in the case of sandstones and limestones. For a given porosity and water content, the resistivity of a volcanic rock is several fold greater than that of a sandstone or limestone. Also, there is a weaker correlation between acoustic wave speed and porosity in volcanic rocks than in sandstones and limestones. The effect of temperature on the properties of these rocks appears to be predictable from fundamental considerations to temperatures as high as 100/sup 0/C.

The effectiveness of course-grained igneous rocks as shelters for burying radioactive waste can be assessed by determining the rock permeabilities at their in situ pressures and stresses. Analytical and numerical methods were used to solve differential equations of one-dimensional fluid flow through rocks with permeabilities from 10/sup 4/ to 1 nD. In these calculations, upstream and downstream reservoir volumes of 5, 50, and 500 cm/sup 3/ were used. The optimal size combinations of the two reservoirs were determined for measurements of permeability, stress, strain, acoustic velocity, and electrical conductivity on low-porosity, coarse-grained igneous rocks.

This is the Final Report under ERDA Contract. It presents the results of Phase I of a proposed three-phase effort.

None

This report describes the use of noise analysis to investigate in-core instrument tube vibrations in BWR-4 reactors. Neutron noise signals from in-core fission chambers and acoustic noise signals from externally mounted accelerometers were used in these studies. The results show that neutron noise can be used to detect vibration and, more importantly, impacting of instrument tubes against adjacent fuel channel boxes. Externally mounted accelerometers detect impacting but not rubbing of instrument tubes against fuel channel boxes. Accelerometers can monitor impacting only on the particular instrument tube where the accelerometer is mounted. Surveillance for instrument tube impacts can be accomplished using standard BWR-4 in-core power range neutron flux detectors at all instrument tube locations containing these detectors. Ex-vessel accelerometers can then be used to monitor instrument tubes that lack power range neutron flux detectors. However, noise on axial flux profiles obtained with movable in-core detectors is not a reliable indicator of impacting, because the recorder used to plot the flux profiles does not respond adequately to the noise frequency generated by impacting.

This paper reviews the current state of the art for measuring liquid metal densities. Conventional high precision techniques for use below 2000K as well as new techniques for more extreme temperatures are addressed. Pertinent data, which have appeared since the last critical reviews, for elemental metals are discussed.

The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory seismic net was upgraded by installing two horizontal seismometers at each of the four LLL stations. These seismometers record radial and transverse ground motion from underground nuclear explosions at the Nevada Test Site and complement the vertical components which were installed several years ago. Each station now monitors three orthogonal components of ground velocity over a broad frequency band.

This volume is a direct continuation of Volume 1. Included are chapters 5 and 6 which deal with the trapping and confinement of electron rings in preionized media, neutral gases, and plasma.