The calculation of shielding the thickness for plutonium is complicated by the many different energies represented in the gamma radiation emitted during decay of the plutonium isotopes. Dose rate predictions are also frequently confused by gamma from varying content of fission product impurities in the plutonium, as well as other gamma radiation induced through alpha and neutron particle absorption within the source material or its environment. After assumptions are made for these many factors the radiation data for shielding determination is still frequently inadequate because of wide variations in dose rates resulting from self-absorption. The degree if self-shielding is in turn dependent on nature of the plutonium compound, degree of compactness, weight, and over-all geometrical distribution of the source material. By preparing a variety of plutonium samples representing combinations of these varying factors, actual dose rates and gamma spectra, as obtained from them, can then be extrapolated for application to specific situations.

A core parameter study of the operating costs was performed for a 300- Mwe sodium graphite reactor, a scale-up of the Hallam Power Reactor. The results of the study indicate that the core design is nsar optimum and that core modifications would reduce the power costs by less than 5%. The lattice spacing, fuel rod diameter, and sodium flow can be varied within a rather broad range without significant changes in power generation costs. The effect of the fuel cladning thickness is more significant; fuel cycle costs can be reduced if stainless steel canning is replaced with zirconium canning. Use of UC in place of uraniummolybdenum fuel would also permit cost reductions. (D.L.C.)

This document details activities of the irradiation processing department during the month of September, 1959. A general summary is included at the start of the report, after which the report is divided into the following sections: Research and Engineering Operations; Production and Reactor Operations; Facilities Engineering Operation; Employee Relations Operation; and Financial Operation.

The physical limitations of existing storage tanks for radioactive wastes from separations plants are defined as a guide for preparing process and operating criteria for the existing tank forms to assure continued integrity of the tanks. A "safe-load" curve for each of the four groups of tanks based on current technology is presented. Loading conditions, operation procedures, and thermal stresses are discussed. (M.C.G.)

Continued process improvements in the separation plants provide an incentive for economics in waste storage costs by utilizing existing facilities to their maximum capability consistent with the radiological hazards involved. The major improvements have reduced waste volumes resulting in increased fission product concentration and energy potential. Analyses have been made to determine the effect of this change on the integrity of the existing structures.

The NPR design calls for carbon steel to be the major constituent in the reactor coolant piping system. The piping and its associated fittings will, in all likelihood, be exposed to atmospheric weather conditions during the period of reactor construction. This type of exposure causes rusting. From experience gained during the startup of KER Loop 1 it is expected that there will be initially high NPR coolant activity levels. The high activity during the startup of KER Loop 1 was partially caused by the activation of rust that was eroded from pipe walls. Prevention of rusting on the carbon steel prior to its introduction into the coolant system would reduce the initial activity levels.

The September, 1958 monthly report for the Chemical Processing Department of the Hanford Atomic Products Operation includes information regarding research and engineering efforts with respect to the Purex and Redox process technology. Also discussed is the production operation, finished product operation, power and general maintenance, financial operation, engineering and research operations, and employee operation. (MB)

A discussion is presented of the macrostructure of the chloroplast insofar as it is known and knowable by means of microscopy (visible, ultraviolet and electron). This leads to a number of principles of structure to be found in the granum universally distributed throughout the plant kingdom. A chemical analysis of the constitution of these lamellar structures leads to a deduction of structural principles for such molecules as are found therein. The application of these structural principles to the visible structure of the lamella leads to a microstructure on a molecular level of these lamellae which, in turn, leads to a theory of their function.

The design features and the performance of UO/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ blanket processing Loop P-1 are evaluated from an engineering viewpoint. This unique experiment development loop was operated with pump heating to study the behavior of plutonium in 1.4 M UO/sub 2/SO/sub 4/at 250 deg C and was designed for mixed O/ sub 2/-H/sub 2/ gas pressurization The canned loop and the feed and sampling systems in glove boxes completely contained the plutonium throughout the experimental program. (auth)

The September, 1957 monthly report for the Chemical Processing Department of the Hanford Atomic Products Operation includes information regarding research and engineering efforts with respect to the Purex and Redox process technology. Also discussed is the production operation, finished product operation, power and general maintenance, financial operation, engineering and research operations, and employee operation.

Abstract: "The oxidation resistance of thin sheets of iron-28 w/o chromium-2.67 to 10.0 w/o alloys, nominally 0.004, 0.006, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016 in. thick, was determined by exposure in static air for 100 hr at 2100 and 2300 F. A minimum of 3.67 and 9.37 w/o aluminum was necessary to prevent excessive oxidation of 0.004-in.-thick sheet material at 2100 and 2300 F, respectively. Correspondingly, specimens of lower aluminum content and greater thickness withstood the oxidation attack. Oxidation of iron-chromium-aluminum alloys appeared to be related to the diffusion of aluminum to surfaces of the sheet to form an adherent protective layer of Al2O3."

S>The oxidation resistance of thin sheets of Fe - 28 wt. % Cr - 2.67 to 10.0 wt. % Al alloys, nominally 0.004, 0.006, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016 in. thick, was determined by exposure in static air for 100 hr at 2100 and 2300 deg F. A minimum of 3.67 and 9.37 wt.% Al was necessary to prevent excessive oxidation of 0.004-in. thick sheet material at 2100 and 2300 deg F, respectively. Specimens of lower Al content and greater thickness withstood oxidation attack. Oxidation of Fe - Cr - Al alloys apperars to be related to the diffusion of Al to surfaces of the sheet to form an adherent protective layer of Al/sub 2/ O/sub 3/.(auth)

Data taken on radiation traverse of the Mark 1 control rod were analyzed. Future radiation levels for all SRE control and safety rods were predicted from this. The shielding necessary to ship a complete rod and that necessary to protect a person doing maintenance work on these rods were calculated. The unshielded gamma dose rate 1 cm from the surface of the most highly activated portion of the control rod was calculated to be 5.0 x 10/sup 4/ r/hr 14 days after shutdown following an extended power run of 90 days duration. (M.C.G.)

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A general program has been written to plot curves on the Oracle curve plotter. The supplement includes changes to slow down some of the loops and minimize the possibility of read-around errors and changes to handle special cases.

Report presenting a two-stage air-cooled turbine configuration and its velocity diagrams for use in the design of blade shapes for a set of engine conditions suitable for flight at Mach number 2.5. The method used to determine the velocity diagrams was one in which the turbine frontal areas and rotor hub inlet and outlet velocities were minimized by varying the hub-tip ratio, turbine- to compressor-tip-diameter ratio, and the work split between the first and second stages.

At the design speed of a two-stage counterrotating compressor, an overall average pressure ratio of 4.3 was obtained at a specific weight flow of 27.2 pounds per second per square foot frontal area with an adiabatic efficiency of 0.75. Preliminary tests indicate that a weight-flow mismatching exists between the two rotors that causes the first rotor to operate at less than peak efficiency at design speed. At lower speeds, the first stage was forced to operate in the stalled region in single-stage tests. With the second rotor installed, no periodic rotating stall was observed, although random fluctations of similiar magnitude were noted.

The object of this study was to determine the effects of several annealing treatments and aging treatments on the tensile test behavior of Zircaloy-3b.

Double-ramp side inlet with combinations of fuselage, ramp, and throat boundary layer removal.

From Introduction: "This report presents the initial study, the tracking performance of typical fighter airplanes with fixed gunsights. The types of airplanes tested afford two comparisons of particular interest: that between typical World War II and currently operational fighters of greatly increased speed and altitude, and that between conventional and irreversabile power-boosted controls with artificial feel, both installed on the same airframe."

It is the purpose of this report to review our experience with recombiners under actual reactor operating conditions, and to discuss new developments in the field.

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"In the present paper attention is directed to the aerodynamic parameters, the so-called stability derivatives, that affect the lateral behavior of airplanes and missiles. The discussion is centered on three important quantities, the effective-dihedral derivative, the directional-stability derivative, and the damping-in-roll derivative. These quantities are considered for a large angle-of-attack range at subsonic speeds" (p. 1).

Report discussing free-flight tests of normal-shock nose-inlet models with 1-series, parabolic, and conic cowling profiles in order to investigate the external drag characteristics at an angle of attack of 0 degrees. The testing occurred at a variety of Mach numbers, mass-flow ratios, and Reynolds numbers. Information about the effect of afterbody length, basic data, and effect of cowl shape is provided.