Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Whether chapter 143 of the Local Government Code applies to a municipality that has a paid police department and a volunteer fire department (ID# 17880)

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification;Whether a sheriff may also serve as volunteer fireman(ID# 20119).

This document provides a discussion of the technical progress on DOE-PETC Project Number AC22-92PC91338, ``High Efficiency SO{sub 2} Removal Testing,`` for the time period from January 1 through March 31, 1993. The project involves testing at full-scale utility flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems to evaluate low capital cost upgrades that may allow these systems to achieve up to 98% SO{sub 2} removal efficiency. The options to be evaluated primarily involve the addition of organic acid buffers to the FGD systems. The ``base`` project involves testing at one site, Tampa Electric Company`s Big Bend Station. Up to five optional sites may be added to the program at the discretion of DOE-PETC. By March 31, 1993, four of those five options had been exercised. The options include testing at Hoosier Energy`s Merom Station (Option I), Southwestern Electric Power Company`s (SWEPCo) Pirkey Station (Option II), PSI Energy`s Gibson Station (Option III), and Duquesne Light`s Elrama Station (Option IV). The remainder of this document is divided into three sections. Section 2, Project Summary, provides a brief overview of the technical efforts on this project during the quarter. Section 3, Results, summarizes the outcome of those technical efforts. Results for the Base Program and for …

This report summarizes the results of ABLE`s design study of the FORTE deployable log periodic antenna. The resulting Baseline Design of the antenna is the basis for ABLE`s proposal for Phase II of this program. ABLE`s approach to meeting the requirements is to use a coilable ABLE mast as the deployable structure ``backbone`` of the antenna and to use deployable tubes for. the log periodic dipole elements of the antenna. This general approach was adopted at the outset of the Phase I Design Study. The remainder of the study was devoted to detailed design and analysis to properly size these types of mast and antenna elements and to design their deployment mechanisms. Demonstration models of the mast and antenna element deployer were fabricated as part of Phase I study. The study showed that ABLE`s design approach is feasible and can meet all the specified design requirements except the mass limit of 13.5 kg. Results of the design and analysis studies are summarized in this report. The mast and dipole element deployer are to be demonstrated to LANL personnel at the conclusion of this Phase I study.

This is the text of a talk at the International Symposium on ``Mathematical Physics towards the XXI Century`` held in March 1993 at Beersheva, Israel. In the first part we attempt to summarize XXth Century Physics, in the light of Kelvin`s 1900 speech ``Dark Clouds over XIXth Century Physics.`` Contrary to what is usually said, Kelvin predicted that the ``clouds`` (relativity and quantum mechanics) would revolutionize physics and that one hundred years might be needed to harmonize them with classical physics. Quantum Gravity can be considered as a leftover from Kelvin`s program -- so are the problems with the interpretation of quantum mechanics. At the end of the XXth Century, the Standard Model is the new panoramic synthesis, drawn in gauge-geometric lines -- realizing the Erlangen program beyond F. Klein`s expectations. The hierarchy problem and the smallness of the cosmological constant are our ``clouds``, generations and the Higgs sector are to us what radioactivity was in 1900. In the second part we describe Metric-Affine spacetimes. We construct the Noether machinery and provide expressions for the conserved energy and hypermomentum. Superimposing conformal invariance over the affine structure induces the Virasoro-like infinite constraining algebra of diffeomorphisms, applied with constant parameters and opening …

The goal of this contractual effort is the development and demonstration of a Road Transportable Analytical Laboratory (RTAL) system to meet the unique needs of the Department of Energy (DOE) for rapid, accurate analysis of a wide variety of hazardous and radioactive contaminants in soil, groundwater, and surface waters. This laboratory system will be designed to provide the field and laboratory analytical equipment necessary to detect and quantify radionuclides, organics, heavy metals and other inorganics, and explosive materials. The planned laboratory system will consist of a set of individual laboratory modules deployable independently or as an interconnected group to meet each DOE site`s specific needs.

Correlations of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) data in deaerated water with temperature, stress, metallography, and processing for laboratory test specimens are presented. Initiation time data show that a low temperature anneal and resulting absence of grain boundary carbides result in a material having increased susceptibility to SCC. Data also show that hot worked and annealed Alloy 600 is more resistant than cold worked and annealed material, both having carbide decorated grain boundaries. In absence of grain boundary carbides, both materials are equally susceptible. Low temperature thermal treatment (1100F) reduces SCC susceptibility with or without grain boundary decoration. Weld metal data and data correlations developed from 700 double U-bends are presented. Data demonstrate the effect of increased carbon content to improve SCC resistance. The data shows that the general relation of time, temperature and strain for wrought material is followed for the weld metal. The weld process used did not affect the SCC susceptibility of EN-82 which showed a greater resistance to SCC than EN-62. Stress relief of weld deposits showed an improvement for wrought material. Heat affected zone resistance was improved if the starting material received a high temperature anneal (1850 to 2000F). Range of SCC initiation times for weld …

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has generated and disposed of large volumes of hazardous and radioactive waste as a result of 50 years of nuclear weapons production. DOE is now faced with the problem of remediating its more than 13,000 hazardous waste sites. To be effective for the good of the environment and public health, our nation`s hazardous waste policy must first address several questions: What is the level of risk at federal facilities? (Is remediation really necessary?) Can and should institutional controls be incorporated into the cleanup process? How effective are cleanup technologies? What cleanup standards should be used? What will be done with waste generated during remediation? How do we obtain appropriate stakeholder involvement? Once these questions are answered and a more reliable, predictable policy has been developed, the waste management and environmental restoration program may not be an unwanted drain on America`s pocketbook, and we may have a cleaner country as well.

This document provides a discussion of the technical progress on DOE-PETC Project Number AC22-92PC91338, High Efficiency SO[sub 2] Removal Testing,'' for the time period from January 1 through March 31, 1993. The project involves testing at full-scale utility flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems to evaluate low capital cost upgrades that may allow these systems to achieve up to 98% SO[sub 2] removal efficiency. The options to be evaluated primarily involve the addition of organic acid buffers to the FGD systems. The base'' project involves testing at one site, Tampa Electric Company's Big Bend Station. Up to five optional sites may be added to the program at the discretion of DOE-PETC. By March 31, 1993, four of those five options had been exercised. The options include testing at Hoosier Energy's Merom Station (Option I), Southwestern Electric Power Company's (SWEPCo) Pirkey Station (Option II), PSI Energy's Gibson Station (Option III), and Duquesne Light's Elrama Station (Option IV). The remainder of this document is divided into three sections. Section 2, Project Summary, provides a brief overview of the technical efforts on this project during the quarter. Section 3, Results, summarizes the outcome of those technical efforts. Results for the Base Program and for …

This report discusses the following on the electromagnetic calorimeter for the solenoidal tracker at RHIC: conceptual design; the physics of electromagnetic calorimetry in STAR; trigger capability; integration into STAR; and cost, schedule, manpower, and funding.

Approximately 80 commercially available fluorescent organic compounds were studied as dopants in a polystyrene matrix for possible use in wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers. The goal was to find a new green- emitting WLS fiber which would outperform in light yield and decay time the currently available fiber doped with K-27. Therefore the fluorescent compounds of interest should exhibit the following spectroscopic characteristics in polystyrene: {lambda}{sub abs} = 400--450 nm,{lambda}{sub em} = 450--550 nm, {tau} = 3--7 ns and quantum efficiency of minimum 0.7. Polystyrene samples doped with different fluorescent compounds were prepared and characterized. Of all the compounds tested, only a series of coumarins exhibited the spectroscopic characteristics of interest. Radiation damage studies had to be performed on these samples in order to condusively determine if they were better candidates than K-27 for green WLS fibers. AU samples except those showing opacity or deep coloration were irradiated. They were, however, separated in two sets. Radiation damage set No. 20 was mainly formed by the coumarin derivatives. Radiation damage set No. 22 was based on the remaining samples. The irradiations were performed at the Phoenix Memorial Laboratory using a {sup 60}Co source. Both sets were exposed to a total dose of …

The database of ProChem software has been enhanced to account for the formation of the mineral, Burkite which can form in alkaline tank wastes during evaporation. This mineral was not suspected until recent evaporation/crystallization studies suggested its presence. The enhanced data base will predict its occurrence and realm of existence. If salt cake temperatures drop below 30{degrees}C the Burkite phase is unstable toward hydrated sodium carbonates and sulfates. ProChem will not predict if this phase is more or less rapidly dissolved than its component salts. The enhanced database improves our ability to simulate waste chemistry.

The overall project objective is to demonstrate the high efficiency of the Adams Counter-Current shale oil recovery process. The efficiency will first be demonstrated on a small scale, in the current phase, after which the demonstration will be extended to the operation of a small pilot plant. Thus the immediate project objective is to obtain data on oil shale retorting operations in a small batch rotary kiln that will be representative of operations in the proposed continuous process pilot plant. Although an oil shale batch sample is sealed in the batch kiln from the start until the end of the run, the process conditions for the batch are the same as the conditions that an element of oil shale would encounter in a continuous process kiln. Similar chemical and physical conditions (heating, mixing, pyrolysis, oxidation) exist in both systems.The two most important data objectives in this phase of the project are to demonstrate (1) that the heat recovery projected for this project is reasonable and (2) that an oil shale kiln will run well and not plug up due to sticking and agglomeration. The following was completed this quarter. (1) Twelve pyrolysis runs were made on five different oil shales. …

The Coal Reburning for Cyclone Boiler NO{sub x} Control Demonstration project progress for July, August and September 1993 is identified in this 14th quarterly report and pertains to the activities on draft Final Report Preparation. The project involves retrofitting/testing the reburning technology at Wisconsin Power & Light`s 100 MW, Nelson Dewey Unit {number_sign}2 in Cassville, Wisconsin to determine the commercial applicability of this technology to reduce NO{sub x} emission levels. Phase III - Operation and Disposition activities emphasized preparation of the final report. A draft has been completed and it was provided to DOE/PETC in September for review and comment. The preliminary results of the hazardous air pollutant (HAP) testing indicate no major impact of reburn on volatile organics emissions. HAP results were completed and reported by Acurex in July, 1993.

The relevance of rf-sheath-plasma interactions to ICRF operation in TFTR has been studied. Screen-screen and screen-limiter rf sheaths have been identified and analyzed for the old and new Bay M geometries on TFIR, including sheath voltages driven by both feeders and the central antenna conductor. Calculations have been carried out to determine the effects of ICRF on edge transport (profile flattening by E {times} B convection), impurity influx ({delta}Z{sub eff}) and edge electron heating (FS glow phenomena) as a function of edge plasma parameters, rf power and antenna phasing. It was found that many of the experimentally observed ICRF-edge plasma interactions on TFIR are consistent with the predictions of rf sheath theory.

Project Work Plan was developed with joint participation by all subsystem teams. Comprehensive overall project activity schedules were developed for all individual B&W groups and subcontractors with participation in Phase I.

The Natural Gas Monthly (NGM) highlights activities, events, and analyses of interest to public and private sector organizations associated with the natural gas industry. Volume and price data are presented each month for natural gas production, distribution, consumption, and interstate pipeline activities. Producer related activities and underground storage data are also reported. From time to time, the NGM features articles designed to assist readers in using and interpreting natural gas information.

Chemical processing of irradiated reactor elements at the Savannah River Site separates uranium, plutonium and fission products; fission products and process-added chemicals are mixed with an excess of NaOH and discharged as a basic slurry into large underground tanks for temporary storage. The slurry is composed of base-insoluble solids that settle to the bottom of the tank; the liquid supemate contains a mixture of base-soluble chemicals--nitrates, nitrites aluminate, sulfate, etc. To conserve space in the waste tanks, the supemate is concentrated by evaporation. As the evaporation proceeds, the solubilities of some components are exceeded, and these species crystallize from solution. Normally, these components are soluble in the hot solution discharged from the waste tank evaporator and do not crystallize until the solution cools. However, concern was aroused at West Valley over the possibility that plutonium would precipitate and accumulate in the evaporator, conceivably to the point that a nuclear accident was possible. There is also a concern at SRS from evaporation of sludge washes, which arise from washing the base-insoluble solids ({open_quote}sludge{close_quote}) with ca. 1M NaOH to reduce the Al and S0{sub 4}{sup {minus}2} content. The sludge washes of necessity extract a low level of Pu from the sludge and …

The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO[sub x]) and sulfur (SO[sub x]) on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO[sub x] and 50 percent in SO[sub x] emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO[sub x] is converted to N[sub 2]. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO[sub x] emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO[sub x] as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device. This project is conducted in three phases at each site: (1) Design and Permitting, (2) Construction and Startup, and (3) Operation, Data Collection, Reporting and Disposition: Technology transfer to industry is accomplished …

We have measured the variation in response of the [sup 137]CS source as positioned in 10 samples of the brass source tubes, dimpled at [plus minus]5 cm from the center of a scintillator tile. We find an RMS in the signals of 2.5%.

Work on this coke oven gas cleaning demonstration project (CCT-II) this quarter has been focused on Phase IIB tasks, and include engineering, procurement, construction, and training. Additionally, plans for changes in the operating schedule of the coke plant that affect the demonstration project are described. Engineering efforts are nearly complete. Remaining to be finalized is an assessment of electrical heat tracing/insulation needs for pipe lines, assessment of fire protection requirements, and instrument modifications. Procurement of all major equipment items is complete, except for possible additions to fire fighting capabilities. Major focus is on expediting pipe and structural steel to the project site. Civil construction is complete except for minor pads and bases as required for pipe supports, etc. Erection of the hydrogen sulfide and ammonia scrubber vessels is complete. Installation of scrubber vessel internals is underway. A subcontractor has been retained to develop a computerized program for operations and maintenance training for the coke oven gas treatment plant. Recent developments in the coke plant operating plans will result in reductions in the rate of production of coke oven gas to be processed in the demonstration project.

A Computer Security Program is more than just a concept. It is real action by real people. Under direction of DOE Orders, Martin Marietta Energy systems, Inc., personnel have developed a Microcomputer Security Program that is both effective and sensible. this program works because those involved have a sincere desire to protect DOE information and assets. The Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant is located in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This facility covers 2.25 miles in the Bear Creek area and consists of approximately 500 buildings, which are located in Protected, Exclusion, and Property Protection Areas. There are some 50 different Energy Systems organizations that comprise the Y-12 Plant. There are approximately 700 classified microcomputers and approximately 5,300 unclassified microcomputers at the site. These resources are used for many different functions including: word processing, computer Aided Design operations, database management, servers for local area networks, and terminal emulators. Most microcomputers are used in a stand-alone mode of operation.

The authors present an algorithm for the concurrent solution of the linear system arising from a multigroup, discrete ordinates model of neutron transport. The target architectures consist of distributed memory computers ranging from workstation clusters to massively parallel computers. Based on an analysis of the memory requirement and floating point complexity of matrix-vector multiplication in the iterative solution of the linear system, the authors propose a data layout and communication strategy designed to achieve scalability with respect to all phase space variables. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm on the nCUBE/2.

This document provides information on the supply and disposition of natural gas to a wide audience including industry, consumers, Federal and State agencies, and education institutions. The 1992 data are presented in a sequence that follows natural gas (including supplemental supplies) from its production top its end use. Tables summarizing natural gas supply and disposition from 1988 to 1992 are given for each Census Division and each State. Annual historical data are shown at the national level. Volume 2 of this report presents State-level historical data.