Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection (open access)

Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection

The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) and sulfur (SO{sub x}), on three coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices; tangential, wall, and cyclone fired. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO{sub x} and 50 percent in SO{sub x} emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO{sub x} is converted to N{sub 2}. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO{sub x} emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace, at the superheater exit or into the ducting following the air heater. The sorbents trap SO{sub x} as solid sulfates and sulfites, which are collected in the particulate control device.
Date: December 22, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inclusive large mass muon pair production in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions for colliding beams (open access)

Inclusive large mass muon pair production in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions for colliding beams

For colliding beams of several species of ions we compare thermal to perturbative quantum chromodynamic contributions for inclusive large mass muon pair production by using a hydrodynamic model to estimate the temperatures of the quark-gluon plasma produced by each species. The production of high energy dimuons with M {approx equal}-4 GeV, will be favored energetically by the quark-gluon plasma. 10 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.
Date: July 22, 1988
Creator: Roberts, L.E. (Lincoln Univ., PA (United States). Dept. of Physics Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). High Energy Physics Div. Institute for Scientific Studies, Wheaton, IL (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnet systems for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (open access)

Magnet systems for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

The definition phase for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) has been nearly completed, thus beginning a three-year design effort by teams from the European Community (EC), Japan, US, and USSR. Preliminary parameters for the superconducting magnet system have been established to guide more detailed design work. Radiation tolerance of the superconductors and insulators has been important because it sets requirements for the neutron-shield dimension and sensitively influences reactor size. Major levels of mechanical stress appear in the structural cases of the inboard legs of the toroidal-field (TF) coils. The winding packs of the TF coils include significant fractions of steel that provide support against in-plane separating loads, but they offer little support against out-of-plane loads unless shear-bonding of the conductors can be maintained. Heat removal from nuclear and ac loads has not limited the fundamental design, but it has nonnegligible economic consequences. 3 refs., 3 figs., 5 tabs.
Date: September 22, 1988
Creator: Henning, C. D. & Miller, J. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Time variations of fields in superconducting magnets and their effects on accelerators (open access)

Time variations of fields in superconducting magnets and their effects on accelerators

A report on the time dependence of magnetic fields in the superconducting magnets of the Fermilab Tevatron has been published. A field variation of order 1 gauss at the aperture radius is observed. Studies on both full sized Tevatron, dipoles and prototype magnets have been used to elucidate these effects. Explanations based on eddy currents in the coil matrix or on flux creep in the superconducting filaments are explored with these tests. Measurement results and techniques for controlling the effect based on new laboratory tests and the latest accelerator operation are presented. 9 refs., 4 figs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Herrup, D. A.; Syphers, M. J.; Johnson, D. E.; Johnson, R. P.; Tollestrup, A. V.; Hanft, R. W. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design and modelling of a 5 MeV radio frequency electron gun (open access)

Design and modelling of a 5 MeV radio frequency electron gun

The Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a linac-laser complex for research into laser acceleration and for the generation of coherent radiation from electron beams. In order to achieve the design 50 MeV output emittance (..gamma..sigma/sub x/sigma/sub x/') of less than 3 /times/ 10/sup /minus/5/ m rad a high brightness electron gun is required. This paper describes computations and measurements made on a full scale brass model of a 1-1/2 cell, ..pi..-mode, resonant, disc loaded, radiofrequency gun structure which has been designed for this purpose. 7 refs., 9 figs., 6 tabs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Batchelor, K.; Sheehan, J. & Woodle, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Induction-linac based free-electron laser amplifiers for plasma heating (open access)

Induction-linac based free-electron laser amplifiers for plasma heating

We describe an induction-linac based free-electron laser amplifier that is presently under construction at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. It is designed to produce up to 2 MW of average power at a frequency of 250 GHz for plasma heating experiments in the Microwave Tokamak Experiment. In addition, we shall describe a FEL amplifier design for plasma heating of advanced tokamak fusion devices. This system is designed to produce average power levels of about 10 MW at frequencies ranging form 280 to 560 GHz. 7 refs., 1 tab.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Jong, R.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Training in test samples of superconducting cables for accelerator magnets (open access)

Training in test samples of superconducting cables for accelerator magnets

In the critical current measurement of some high current NbTi cables, the samples have to be ''trained'' by repeated quenching in order to obtain a usable voltage-current curve for I/sub c/ determination. This training behavior is most pronounced when the applied field is perpendicular to the wide face of the conductor and is strongly dependent on the copper-to-superconductor ratio and the clamping pressure. Data are given for SSC prototype cables as well as for HERA production conductors. Although a quantitative understanding of the experimental data is still lacking, some speculations regarding stability are presented. 8 refs., 7 figs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Ghosh, A. K.; Garber, M.; Robins, K. E. & Sampson, W. B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO88-128 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO88-128

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification.
Date: November 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO88-45 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO88-45

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification.
Date: April 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-984 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-984

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification;Whether a filing with the secretary of State is necessary to perfect a security interest in manufactured housing held as inventory (RQ-1469).
Date: November 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-862 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-862

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a school district employee may be compensated for serving as an election clerk, and related questions (RQ-1310)
Date: February 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-920 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-920

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Construction of Texas Commercial Fertilizer Control Act, chapter 63 of the Agricultural Code (RQ-1240)
Date: June 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-930 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-930

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a city and a utility district may impose taxes for overlapping services (RQ-1307)
Date: July 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-943 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: JM-943

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Construction of V.T.C.S. art.320f(RQ-14-34).
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Studies of time dependence of fields in TEVATRON superconducting dipole magnets (open access)

Studies of time dependence of fields in TEVATRON superconducting dipole magnets

The time variation in the magnetic field of a model Tevatron dipole magnet at constant excitation current has been studied. Variations in symmetry allowed harmonic components over long time ranges show a log t behavior indicative of ''flux creep.'' Both short time range and long time range behavior depend in a detailed way on the excitation history. Similar effects are seen in the remnant fields present in full-scale Tevatron dipoles following current ramping. Both magnitudes and time dependences are observed to depend on details for the ramps, such as ramp rate, flattop duration, and number of ramps. In a few magnets, variations are also seen in symmetry unallowed harmonics. 9 refs., 10 figs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Hanft, R. W.; Brown, B. C.; Herrup, D. A.; Lamm, M. J.; McInturff, A. D. & Syphers, M. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The effects of furnace environment on the mechanical properties of vanadium (open access)

The effects of furnace environment on the mechanical properties of vanadium

We have conducted tests to ascertain whether or not exposure to erbia would adversely affect the mechanical properties of vanadium more than the regular annealing furnace environment. Mechanical properties of the vanadium exposed to erbia are not different from those of the vanadium to a regular annealing furnace environment. However, there is a change in the impurity levels, the carbon content increasing and the oxygen content decreasing. There is also anomalous behavior in the strain-hardening and elongation to failure of both the annealed and the erbia specimens. It is possible that hydrogen could have been released as a result of water reacting with the vanadium to form oxides. Very small amounts of hydrogen can impair the mechanical properties of vanadium. It is possible, on the basis of diffusion data, that, should hydrogen be generated in this fashion, it could diffuse completely through the vanadium and contaminate whatever is in contact with the vanadium. Further experiments should be conducted to verify whether or not hydrogen is in fact responsible for the anomalous strain-hardening and elongation-to-failure behavior. 20 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: March 22, 1988
Creator: dePruneda, J. H.; Gallegos, G. F. & Stratman, M. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
D0 Vent Stacks (open access)

D0 Vent Stacks

There are two nitrogen/argon exhaust headers in the D0 cryogenic piping system, one for the liquid argon dewar and another for the three argon calorimeters. These headers serve two functions, venting both nitrogen exhaust from the cooling loops and cold argon gas should any argon vessel blow a relief. These headers are vacuum jacketed until they exit the building. At that point, uninsulated exhaust stacks direct the flow into the atmosphere. This note deals with the these stacks.
Date: January 22, 1988
Creator: Fuerst, J.D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
D-Zero End Cap Calorimeter Annular Piping Analysis (open access)

D-Zero End Cap Calorimeter Annular Piping Analysis

In accoradnce with the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 version of Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping, ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, the maximum allowable stress for 304 stainless steel piping is 25,500 psi. This 'Allowable Displacement Stress Range' value was calculated using equation (1a) found on page 16 of the above mentioned reference. Each of the lines that comprise the End Cap Calorimeter (BC) piping were modeled on ANSYS and the appropriate constraints were applied. This was done using the Piping Stress Analysis Module of ANSYS. The bending stresses and displacements due to the thermal contraction that occurs in cooling the piping from 300 K to 77 K were calculated by ANSYS. The seven lines involved and their maximum bending stresses are as follows: (1) Rupture Disc - Maximum bending stress is 8335 psi; (2) Argon Relief - Maximum bending stress is 12,619 psi; (3) Gaseous Argon Supply - Maximum bending stress is 5399 psi; (4) Liquid Nitrogen Cooldown Supply - Maximum bending stress is 7049 psi; (5) Liquid Nitrogen Operating Supply - Maximum bending stress is 5774 psi; (6) Nitrogen Exhaust - Maximum bending stress is 1826 psi; and (7) Argon/Nitrogen Vent - Maximum bending stress is 48,364 psi. …
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Kurita, C. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection. Quarterly report no. 6, September 1, 1988--November 30, 1988 (open access)

Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection. Quarterly report no. 6, September 1, 1988--November 30, 1988

The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) and sulfur (SO{sub x}), on three coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices; tangential, wall, and cyclone fired. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO{sub x} and 50 percent in SO{sub x} emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO{sub x} is converted to N{sub 2}. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO{sub x} emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace, at the superheater exit or into the ducting following the air heater. The sorbents trap SO{sub x} as solid sulfates and sulfites, which are collected in the particulate control device.
Date: December 22, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Emittance and 4 Dimensional Beam Surfaces in RHIC (open access)

Emittance and 4 Dimensional Beam Surfaces in RHIC

None
Date: February 22, 1988
Creator: Parzen, G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nonlinear materials for frequency conversion (open access)

Nonlinear materials for frequency conversion

Two figures of merit, the threshold power (P/sub th/) and the limiting volume (V/sub min/) can be used to compare the relative efficiency and economy of new harmonic generating crystals. The properties of barium metaborate and L-Arginine phosphate are used to illustrate the effect of nonlinearity, birefringence, and damage threshold on these figures of merit.
Date: March 22, 1988
Creator: Velsko, S. P. & Eimerl, D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Flux creep in a TEVATRON cable (open access)

Flux creep in a TEVATRON cable

We have measured the slow magnetization decay of a short sample (2.3 cm) of Tevatron cable in fields up to 0.3 T. The special susceptometer in development for these measurements is based on a commercial SQUID and is described in detail. The observed decay is logarithmic in time as expected from flux creep in the NbTi filaments. A strong correlation was found between the decay and the magnetization status of the sample. It is too early yet to present a quantitative correlation between what we observed and the decay observed in the sextupole component of Tevatron dipoles. The detailed understanding of this phenomenon may be instrumental in guiding the search for efficient superconducting synchrotron operational procedures. 3 refs., 5 figs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Kuchnir, M. & Tollestrup, A.V.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tests of full scale SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) R and D dipole magnets (open access)

Tests of full scale SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) R and D dipole magnets

Four full-scale SSC R and D dipole magnets, incorporating successive mechanical design improvements, have been quench tested. Three of these magnets are heavily instrumented with sensors to measure the mechanical behavior of the magnets and verify the performance of the mechanical improvements and with multiple voltage taps to locate the origin of quenches. The last two magnets of this series reach the SSC design operating field of 6.6 T in two or fewer quenches. Load cells and motion sensors show that in these two magnets the azimuthal clamping stress is higher at zero current and drops more slowly with excitation than in previous long magnets and that the axial motion of the coil upon excitation has been greatly reduced. Quenches are found to originate preferentially in several locations, suggesting other design improvements. 13 refs., 5 figs.
Date: August 22, 1988
Creator: Strait, J.; Brown, B.C.; Hanft, R.; Kuchnir, M.; Lamm, M.; Lundy, R. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Register, Volume 13, Number 7, Pages 363-428, January 22, 1988 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 13, Number 7, Pages 363-428, January 22, 1988

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: January 22, 1988
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History