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Auger study of surface carbon and oxygen on thorium following ion bombardment (open access)

Auger study of surface carbon and oxygen on thorium following ion bombardment

The composition of a thorium metal surface has been monitored using Auger electron spectroscopy following Ar/sup +/ bombardment at different temperatures. After extended Ar/sup +/ bombardment, enough contaminated overlayers were removed to expose a surface region containing only thorium, bulk impurities, and imbedded argon. The main impurities, carbon and oxygen, differed in their behavior when the sample was annealed following bombardment. The amount of surface carbon either increased or remained constant during annealing depending upon the temperature of the sample during bombardment. The amount of surface oxygen decreased rapidly when the sample was heated above 500/sup 0/C regardless of the sample temperature during bombardment. These experiments indicate that preparation of clean, annealed thorium surfaces requires ion bombardment at temperatures > or = 400/sup 0/C.
Date: November 17, 1977
Creator: Bastasz, R. & Colmenares, C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Potential effects of geothermal energy conversion on Imperial Valley ecosystems. [Seven workshop presentations] (open access)

Potential effects of geothermal energy conversion on Imperial Valley ecosystems. [Seven workshop presentations]

This workshop on potential effcts of geothermal energy conversion on the ecology of Imperial Valley brought together personnel of Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and many collaborators under the sponsorship of the ERDA Imperial Valley Environmental Project (IVEP). The LLL Integrated Assessment Team identified the electric power potential and its associated effluents, discharges, subsidence, water requirements, land use, and noise. The Working Groups addressed the ecological problems. Water resource management problems include forces on water use, irrigation methods and water use for crops, water production, and water allocation. Agricultural problems are the contamination of edible crops and the reclamation of soil. A strategy is discussed for predevelopment baseline data and for identification of source term tracers. Wildlife resources might be threatened by habitat destruction, powerline impacts, noise and disturbance effects, gas emissions, and secondary impacts such as population pressure. Aquatic ecosystems in both the Salton Sea and fresh waters have potential hazards of salinity and trace metal effects, as well as existing stresses; baseline and bioassay studies are discussed. Problems from air pollution resulting from geothermal resource development might occur, particularly to vegetation and pollinator insects. Conversion of injury data to predicted economic damage isneeded. Finally, Imperial Valley desert ecosystems might be …
Date: December 17, 1976
Creator: Shinn, J.H. (ed.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of beryllium specifications (open access)

Summary of beryllium specifications

This report summarizes and compares the main beryllium properties included in producer, Department of Energy (formerly ERDA) facility, and government specifications. These data are tabulated in a sequence established primarily by increasing purity and secondarily by increasing tensile properties. Comments on formability and weldability are also included.
Date: February 17, 1978
Creator: Corle, R. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Plasma channel optical-pumping device and method (open access)

Plasma channel optical-pumping device and method

A device and method are described for optically pumping a gaseous laser using blackbody radiation produced by a plasma channel which is formed from an electrical discharge between two electrodes spaced at opposite longitudinal ends of the laser. A preionization device which can comprise a laser or electron beam accelerator produces a preionization beam which is sufficient to cause an elctrical discharge between the electrodes to initiate the plasma channel along the preionization path. The optical pumping energy is supplied by a high voltage power supply rather than by the preionization beam. High output optical intensities are produced by the laser due to the high temperature black-body radiation produced by the plasma channel, in the same manner as an exploding wire type laser. However, unlike the exploding wire type laser, the disclosed invention can be operated in a repetitive manner by utilizing a repetitive pulsed preionization device.
Date: July 17, 1981
Creator: Judd, O.P.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Models for Type I supernovae (open access)

Models for Type I supernovae

Two rather disjoint scenarios for Type I supernovae are presented. One is based upon mass accretion by a white dwarf in a binary system. The second involves a star having some 8 to 10 times the mass of the sun which may or may not be a solitary star. Despite the apparent dissimilarities in the models it may be that each occurs to some extent in nature for they both share the possibility of producing substantial quantities of /sup 56/Ni and explosions in stars devoid of hydrogen envelopes. These are believed to be two properties that must be shared by any viable Type I model.
Date: June 17, 1980
Creator: Woosley, S. E.; Weaver, T. A. & Taam, R. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Program manual for the Data Director editor (open access)

Program manual for the Data Director editor

The Data Director editor is a powerful, multiuser editor that will aid in the development and modification of APT part programs, assembly-language programs, and other text. Some benefits of the editor are as follows: most of the editor is reentrant, allowing several users to share it; the user can use the editor as though the entire file being edited is in memory; editing takes place on a working file so that changes are not made to the original file until desired; the editor offers a powerful command set where most commands have the same syntax. 1 table.
Date: February 17, 1977
Creator: McGoldrick, P.R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Solar Total Energy System, Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume III. Appendix. [1. 72 MW thermal and 383. 6 kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant] (open access)

Solar Total Energy System, Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume III. Appendix. [1. 72 MW thermal and 383. 6 kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant]

This is the appendix to the Stearns-Roger Engineering Company conceptual design report on ERDA's Large Scale Experiment No. 2 (LSE No. 2). The object of this LSE is to design, construct, test, evaluate and operate a STES for the purpose of obtaining experience with large scale hardware systems and to establish engineering capability for subsequent demonstration projects. This particular LSE is to be located at Shenandoah, Georgia, and will provide power to the Bleyle knitwear factory. Under this contract Stearns-Roger developed a conceptual design, which was site specific, containing the following major elements: System Requirements Analysis, Site Description, System Conceptual Design, Conceptual Test and Operating Plans, Development Plans, Procurement and Management Plans for Subsequent Phases, and Cost Estimates. The Solar Total Energy system is sized to supply 1.720 MW thermal power and 383.6 KW electrical power. The STES is sized for the extended knitwear plant of 3902 M/sup 2/ (42,000 sq-ft) which will eventually employ 300 people. Drawings, tables, and data sheets are included on hourly temperatures, displacement, utility rates, power conversion system, seasonal design load summary, average collector temperature optimization study, system operating temperature optimization study, power conversion system seasonal performance, thermal storage/fluid loop, system integration, and cost estimates. …
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: None,
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A high-fluence fusion neutron source (open access)

A high-fluence fusion neutron source

A conceptual design of a D-T fusion facility for continuous production of 14-MeV neutron wall loading from 5 to 10 MW/m/sup 2/ at the plasma surface is presented. In this design, D-T neutrons are produced in a linear, two-component plasma formed by neutral beam irradiation of a fully ionized warm plasma target. The beam energy, which is deposited in the center, is transferred to the warm plasma mainly by electron drag and is conducted along the target plasma column to end regions where it is absorbed in neutral gas at high pressure. The target plasma is operated in a regime where electron thermal conduction along the column is the controlling energy-loss process. The loss rate is minimized by adjusting the diameter and length of the plasma column. A substantial gradient in T/sub e/ along the column results in recombination of the plasma to gas in the end-regions before impact on the end walls. The resultant hot gas is cooled by contact with large-area heat exchangers. In this way, the large steady-state heat load from the injected neutral beams is diffused and removed at tolerable heat flux levels. The reacting plasma is essentially an extrapolation of the 2XIIB high-..beta.. plasma to …
Date: February 17, 1988
Creator: Coensgen, F. H.; Casper, T. A.; Correll, D. L.; Damm, C. C.; Futch, A. H.; Logan, B. G. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Separation and Characterization of Coal Derived Components. Quarterly Report, July 1-September 30, 1983 (open access)

Separation and Characterization of Coal Derived Components. Quarterly Report, July 1-September 30, 1983

The field-ionization mass spectral hydrocarbon data from F-45 (Wyodak coal-derived SRC) and F-51 (Kentucky 9/14 coal-derived SRC) were recalculated so the various hydrocarbon fractions could be compared directly on a weight percent basis. A computer program was developed which allows the field-ionization mass spectral hydrocarbon data to be compared in a three dimensional fashion. This approach provides for a rapid general comparson of all the field-ionization hydrocarbon data. The solubility of preasphaltenes was tested in several solvents. The preasphaltenes-2 were found to be largely soluble in pyridine:chloroform 9:1(v/v) or 7:3(v/v) and pyridine:chloroform:tetrahydrofuran 7:1:2(v/v/v). Experiments were carried out in which Chromasorb T was tested as a replacement for Fluoropak in the Fluoropak-basic alumina procedure. The results indicated Chromasorb T would be an adequate substitute for Fluoropak, but additional experiments will be run to confirm this. The chromatographic characteristics of numerous hydroxyl aromatics, nitrogen heterocycles, and aromatic amines were obtained on several normal-phase and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic systems. 30 references, 30 figures, 10 tables.
Date: October 17, 1983
Creator: Hurtubise, R. J. & Silver, H. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Solar Total Energy System, Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume II, Section 3. Facility concept design. [1. 72 MW thermal and 383. 6 kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant] (open access)

Solar Total Energy System, Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume II, Section 3. Facility concept design. [1. 72 MW thermal and 383. 6 kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant]

The Stearns-Roger Engineering Company conceptual design of ERDA's Large Scale Experiment No. 2 (LSE No. 2) is presented. The various LSEs are part of ERDA's Solar Total Energy Program (STES) and a separate activity of the National Solar Thermal Power Systems Program. The object of this LSE is to design, construct, test, evaluate and operate a STES for the purpose of obtaining experience with large scale hardware systems and to establish engineering capability for subsequent demonstration projects. This particular LSE is to be located at Shenandoah, Georgia, and will provide power to the Bleyle knitwear factory. The Solar Total Energy system is sized to supply 1.720 MW thermal power and 383.6 KW electrical power. The STES is sized for the extended knitwear plant of 3902 M/sup 2/ (42,000 sq-ft) which will eventually employ 300 people. The details of studies conducted for Phase II of the Solar Total Energy System (STES) for the conceptual design requirements of the facility are presented. Included in this section are the detailed descriptions and analyses of the following subtasks: facility concept design, system concept design, performance analysis, operation plan, component and subsystem development, procurement plan, cost estimating and scheduling, and technical and management plans. (WHK)
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: None,
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Stimulated Raman scatter in laser fusion target chambers (open access)

Stimulated Raman scatter in laser fusion target chambers

The target chamber of a laser fusion reactor will contain small amounts of background gases. As the beam is focused, it ionizes the gas and Raman scattering is induced. Density limits on the background gas are found in order that the laser beam will not become appreciably decollimated. It is found that laser bandwidth efficiently decreases the scattering effect.
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: Thomson, J.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Control of radioactive material transport in sodium-cooled reactors (open access)

Control of radioactive material transport in sodium-cooled reactors

The Radioactivity Control Technology (RCT) program was established by the Department of Energy to develop and demonstrate methods to control radionuclide transport to ex-core regions of sodium-cooled reactors. This radioactive material is contained within the reactor heat transport system with any release to the environment well below limits established by regulations. However, maintenance, repair, decontamination, and disposal operations potentially expose plant workers to radiation fields arising from radionuclides transported to primary system components. This paper deals with radioactive material generated and transported during steady-state operation, which remains after /sup 24/Na decay. Potential release of radioactivity during postulated accident conditions is not discussed. The control methods for radionuclide transport, with emphasis on new information obtained since the last Environmental Control Symposium, are described. Development of control methods is an achievable goal.
Date: March 17, 1980
Creator: Brehm, W. F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Michigan regulatory incentives study for electric utilities (open access)

The Michigan regulatory incentives study for electric utilities

This is the final report of Phase I of the Michigan Regulatory Incentives Study for Electric Utilities, a three-phase review of Michigan's regulatory system and its effects on resource selection by electric utilities. The goal of Phase I is to identify and analyze financial incentive mechanisms that encourage selection of resources in accord with the principles of integrated resource planning (IRP) or least-cost planning (LCP). Subsequent study phases will involve further analysis of options and possibly a collaborative formal effort to propose regulatory changes. The Phase I analysis proceeded in three steps: (1) identification and review of existing regulatory practices that affect utilities; selection of resources, particularly DSM; (2) preliminary analysis of ten financial mechanisms, and selection of three for further study; (3) detailed analysis of the three mechanisms, including consideration of how they could be implemented in Michigan and financial modeling of their likely impacts on utilities and ratepayers.
Date: June 17, 1991
Creator: Reid, M.W. & Weaver, E.M. (Barakat and Chamberlin, Inc., Oakland, CA (United States))
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radioactive gas and hydrogen removal after a LOCE at the LOFT Facility (open access)

Radioactive gas and hydrogen removal after a LOCE at the LOFT Facility

The use of a silver-zeolite halogen adsorber placed in series with a hydrogen catalytic recombiner and a cryogenic noble gas adsorber assembly constitutes a waste gas processing system (WGPS) capable of handling hydrogen and fission product gases following a Loss-of-Coolant Experiment (LOCE). This paper describes: the types and quantities of gases expected to be found at the facility after a failed-fuel LOCE; the purpose of the WGPS; and the general configuration and expected decontamination factors associated with the LOFT WGPS.
Date: December 17, 1979
Creator: McCormick-Barger, J.W. & Sumpter, K.C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Methodology for assessing the potential impact on air quality resulting from geothermal resource development in the Imperial Valley (open access)

Methodology for assessing the potential impact on air quality resulting from geothermal resource development in the Imperial Valley

Methodology in use in the Imperial Valley for assessing the potential impact on air quality that may result from the development of geothermal resources is discussed. The installation of a network of air quality stations for characterizing the air quality and atmospheric transport properties in the valley prior to development is discussed. Analyses of geothermal fluids for various gases are performed to evaluate the potential emission rates from future geothermal power plants. The principal pollutant of concern is H/sub 2/S because of its noxious odor and potential release rate. These estimated source emission rates and the appropriate meteorological measurements are used as input to a three-dimensional, atmospheric transport code to estimate the potential changes in air quality that result from various scenarios for development of geothermal power.
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: Gudiksen, P. H.; Axelrod, M. C.; Ermak, D. L.; Lamson, K. C. & Lange, R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Solar Total Energy System: Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume I. Section 1. Conclusions and recommendations. Section 2. Systems requirements. [1. 72-MW thermal and 383. 6-kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant] (open access)

Solar Total Energy System: Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume I. Section 1. Conclusions and recommendations. Section 2. Systems requirements. [1. 72-MW thermal and 383. 6-kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant]

The Stearns-Roger Engineering Company conceptual design of ERDA's Large Scale Experiment No. 2 (LSE No. 2) is described. The various LSE's are part of ERDA's Solar Total Energy Program (STES) and a separate activity of the National Solar Thermal Power Systems Program. The object of this LSE is to design, construct, test, evaluate and operate a STES for the purpose of obtaining experience with large scale hardware systems and to establish engineering capability for subsequent demonstration projects. This particular LSE is to be located at Shenandoah, Georgia and will provide power to the Bleyle knitwear factory. The Solar Total Energy system is sized to supply 1.720 MW thermal power (both space heating and process heat) and 383.6 KW electrical power. The STES is sized for the extended knitwear plant of 3902 M/sup 2/ (42,000 sq-ft) which will eventually employ 300 people. The section on conclusions and recommendations described the baseline design recommendation, facility requirements, the solar system, power conversion system, schedules and cost, and additional candidate systems. The systems requirements analysis includes detailed descriptions and analyses of the following subtasks: load analysis, energy displacement, local laws and ordinances, life cycle cost, health and safety, environmental assessment, reliability assessment, and utility …
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: None,
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of improved iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts (open access)

Development of improved iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts

The objective of proposed research is development of catalysts with enhanced slurry phase activity and better selectivity to fuel range products, through a more detailed understanding and systematic studies of the effects of pretreatment procedures and promoters/binders (silica) on catalyst performance.
Date: June 17, 1990
Creator: Bukur, D.B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLUID MOTION THROUGH A SPOUT COMPOSED OF FOUR PLANE WALLS (open access)

ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLUID MOTION THROUGH A SPOUT COMPOSED OF FOUR PLANE WALLS

The mapping function, the complex potential, and the equations for the streamlines and equipotential lines for the fluid motion through a spout were obtained. One nudiscussed. (auth)
Date: October 17, 1960
Creator: Yeh, G.C.K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heavy-Ion Elastic Scattering (open access)

Heavy-Ion Elastic Scattering

The elastic scattering of C/sup 12/ ions from Ar, Fe, Ni, Ag/sup 107/ In, and Ta was measured as a function of angle, at a laboratory-system energy of 124.5 Mev with the Berkeley heavy-ion linear accelerator. The experimental equipment and techniques are discussed. The angular distributions show the same general behavior as previous heavy-ion elastic scattering experiments. The experimental data were analyzed with the semiclassical Blair model as modified by McIntyre. Very good agreement with experiment was obtained. The measurements were taken with 1% statistics in order to study the structure of the angular distributions in greater detail, because only by fitting the details in the structure was it possible to obtdin unambiguous sets of parameters. The parameters indicated a nuclear radius of 1.45A/sup 1/3/ x 10/sup -13/ cm, and a nearly constant surface thick ness of 1.6 x 10/sup -13/ cm. Total reaction cross sections were obtained. A rainbow-model analysis by Goldman of the data is given. Existing alpha - and heavy-ion scattering data were analyzed with the McIntyre model and compared with previous optical-model analyses of the same data. It was found that, by independent analysis, the two models give the same imaginary phase shifts for all partial …
Date: April 17, 1961
Creator: Alster, Jonas
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Control system for a wound-rotor motor (open access)

Control system for a wound-rotor motor

A load switching circuit for switching two or more transformer taps under load carrying conditions includes first and second parallel connected bridge rectifier circuits which control the selective connection of a direct current load to taps of a transformer. The first bridge circuit is normally conducting so that the load is connected to a first tap through the first bridge circuit. To transfer the load to the second tap, a switch is operable to connect the second bridge circuit to a second tap, and when the second bridge circuit begins to conduct, the first bridge circuit ceases conduction because the potential at the second tap is higher than the potential at the first tap, and the load is thus connected to the second tap through the second bridge circuit. The load switching circuit is applicable in a motor speed controller for a wound-rotor motor for effecting tap switching as a function of motor speed while providing a stepless motor speed control characteristics.
Date: July 17, 1981
Creator: Ellis, James N.
Object Type: Patent
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mechanical design for TMX injector system (open access)

Mechanical design for TMX injector system

The injector system for the Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX) contains the components required to create and maintain a high-temperature, high-density plasma. These components include a streaming-plasma gun in each of the plug tanks to form the target-plasma, 24 neutral-beam source modules for injecting neutral deuterium atoms to heat and replace losses from the plasma, and a gas box system that applies a streaming cold gas to the plasma to stabilize it. This paper discusses the mechanical design problems and solutions for this injector system.
Date: October 17, 1977
Creator: Calderon, M.O.; Chen, F.F.K. & Denhoy, B.S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
NEUTRON PHYSICS DIVISION ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING SEPTEMBER 1, 1961 (open access)

NEUTRON PHYSICS DIVISION ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING SEPTEMBER 1, 1961

Fifty-seven papers and l7 abstracts of papers are presented in the report. Fifty two of the papers are abstracted separately; in addition, a single abstract is written to cover the section on Plasma Physics Theory, which contains 3 papers and 8 abstracts of papers. The two brief papers not abstracted separately are concerned with fast neutron detection, and homogeneous critical assemblies of 3%enriched UF/sub 4/-paraffin systems. (T.F.H.)
Date: November 17, 1961
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Determination of Maximum Permissible Irradiation of Type 3 (SM-2) Fuel Plates (open access)

Determination of Maximum Permissible Irradiation of Type 3 (SM-2) Fuel Plates

Two methods were used for predicting the maximum permissible burnup in type 3 (SM-2) fuel plates: use of analytical models and use of existing irradiation data on UO/sub 2/ stainless steel dispersion fuel plates. Results with two analytical models indicated that burnups above 100% U/35 are permissible. Comparison of the expected burnup with available irradiation data indicates that successful performance of type 3 replacement cores in SM-1, SM-1A, and PM-2A can be expected. (auth)
Date: March 17, 1962
Creator: Wilder, A. S. & Lelleman, R. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
''Follow that quarkexclamation'' (and other exclusive stories) (open access)

''Follow that quarkexclamation'' (and other exclusive stories)

Quarks are considered to be the basic constituents of matter. In a series of recent experiments, Carroll studied exclusive reactions as a means of determining the interactions between quarks. Quantum Chromo-dynamics (QCD) is the modern theory of the interaction of quarks. This theory explains how quarks are held together via the strong interaction in particles known as hadrons. Hadrons consisting of three quarks are called baryons. Hadrons made up of a quark and an antiquark are called mesons. In his lecture, Carroll describes what happens when two hadrons collide and scatter to large angles. The violence of the collision causes the gluons that bind the quarks in a particular hadron to temporarily lose their grip on particular quarks. Quarks scramble toward renewed unity with other quarks, and they undergo rearrangement, which generally results in additional new particles. A two-body exclusive reaction has occurred when the same number of particles exist before and after the collisions. At large angles these exclusive reactions are very rare. The labels on the quarks known as flavor enable the experimenter to follow the history of individual quarks in detail during these exclusive reactions. Carroll describes the equipment used in the experiment to measure short distance, …
Date: June 17, 1987
Creator: Carroll, A. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library