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Office of Scientific & Technical Information Technical Reports
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157
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132
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71
Technical Report Archive and Image Library
65
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Energy and protein production from pulp mill wastes. Progress report, June 15, 1977--September 15, 1977
Experiments conducted during this past quarter demonstrated the decided difference both in amount and composition of the gas produced from the fermentation of ozonated versus unozonated yeast-plant SSL. Gas from ozonated SSL averaged over 80% methane content while unozonated effluent was mostly carbon dioxide. Gas production rates and retention time studies indicated that the fermentation was substrate-limited. Preliminary tests using supplemental carbon sources have verified this. The success of the ozonation process in producing fermentable substrates was clearly shown by the appreciable yeast growth in the ozonated SSL. Of particular significance was the maximum yield obtained at the short ozonation time of 10 minutes as compared to the 2-hour treatment. It is possible that shortening the ozonation time could also increase the amount of substrate available for methane production. This would be very important in transferring this process to a commercial basis and reducing the operating costs.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Jurgensen, M. F. & Patton, J. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reactor Development Program Progress Report, August 1961
Progress is reviewed on the following reactors: EBWR; Borax-V; ZPR-III- ZPR-VI; ZPR-IX; EBR-I; and EBR-II. An outline of fast and slow reactor safety studies in TREAT is presented. Progress is also reported in applied nuclear and reactor physics; development of reactor fuels, materials, and components; heat engineering technology; separation processes; and advanced reactor concepts. (T.F.H.)
Date:
September 15, 1961
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
RMDF leach-field decontamination. Final report
The objective of the decontamination effort was to place the Radioactive Materials Disposal Facility (RMDF) leach field in a condition suitable for release for unrestricted use. Radioactively contaminated soil was excavated from the leach field to produce a condition of contamination as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). The contaminated soil was boxed and shipped to an NRC-licensed burial site at Beatty, Nevada, and to the DOE burial site at Hanford, Washington. The soil excavation project successfully reduced the contamination level in the leach field to background levels, except for less than 0.6 mCi of Sr-90 and trace amounts of Cs-137 that are isolated in cracks in the bedrock. The cracks are greater than 10 ft below the surface and have been sealed with a bituminous asphalt mastic. A pathways analysis for radiation exposure to humans from the remaining radionuclides was performed, assuming intensive home gardening, and the results show that the total first year whole body dose equivalent would be about 0.1 mrem/year. This dose equivalent is a projection for the hypothetical ingestion of vegetables grown on the site. Assuming that an average adult consumes 64 kg of green leafy vegetables per year and that the entire yearly supply could …
Date:
September 15, 1982
Creator:
Carroll, J W; Marzec, J M & Stelle, A M
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enthalpy measurement of coal-derived liquids. Quarterly technical progress report, July-September 1980
Equipment modifications to a Freon 11 boil-off type calorimeter are described. The calorimetric system was used to measure the enthalpies of thiophene experimentally. Data were taken over a temperature range of 100/sup 0/F to 750/sup 0/F at pressures of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 825.9 (the critical), 1000, and 1500 psia. Thermodynamic properties derived from the data are compared to values in the literature, and the agreement is exceptionally good. The data are then compared directly to results calculated by means of two correlations: a modification of the BWR equation of state by Kesler and Lee, and a modified SRK equation of state method. Both correlations are found to work well in predicting the enthalpy of thiophene.
Date:
September 15, 1980
Creator:
Kidnay, A. J. & Yesavage, V. F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Update on the tevatron muon shield
In 1984, the dichromatic train was installed for an initial set of tests. Along with these tests of train performance, measurements of muon rates at various depths in the berm were taken in order to check Monte Carlo predictions. Data were taken at a range of train momentum settings, and from a bare target. The results of those studies are presented here and compared to predictions. In 1985, the quadrupole triplet train was installed for a wide band neutrino run. During this run, 5.5 m of 1.8 m diameter lead was installed at the request of the experimenters to harden the shield. Data obtained during this triplet run under a variety of conditions are also presented, and compared to Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, these results are used to determine how much additional shielding is needed for higher energy operation.
Date:
September 15, 1986
Creator:
Malensek, A. & Stutte, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transport properties of multi-component fluids and of suspensions
This report describes work performed under grant No. DE-FG03-88ER13911 for the period June 15, 1988 through June 14, 1989. During this time, significant progress was made in the derivation of the fundamental equations describing suspensions and multicomponent fluid flow. We first considered a system consisting of spherical heavy (Brownian) particles immersed in a bath of spherical particles. The deviations of the bath from equilibrium are due to the nonequilibrium motions of the Brownian particles. The densities of the bath and of a Brownian particle are similar. An expansion in powers of the mass ratio, yields a Fokker-Planck equation for the distribution function of the Brownian particles, including the effects of direct and hydrodynamic interactions amongst these particles. The effect of the Brownian particle motion on the bath properties has been described. The conditions under which a closed equation for the coordinate space distribution function, can be obtained have been investigated and a Smoluchowski equation for this quantity has been derived.
Date:
September 15, 1989
Creator:
Oppenheim, I. & McBride, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DETERMINATIONS OF THE KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF DEBORONIZATION AT 1135 C
The mechanisms and kinetics of the loss of boron during heating at 1135 deg C under various dynamic environments were determined from powder compacts of 5 wt% elemental boron dispersed in matrices of Fe, Cr, Ni, Si, Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/, NiO, and SiO/sub 2/, compacts of austenitic stainless steel alloy powder containing 0.25 wt% boron, and wrought specimens of 0.13 wt% boron-- stainless steel alloy. The compacts containing 5 wt% boron were heat treated in vacuum, highpurity argon, wet helium, and hydrogen. With the exception of those heat treated in hydrogen, significant boron losses occurred only when a supply of oxygen, either from the sample itself or as a deliberate addition to the heat- treating environment, was available. Correspondingly, the loss mechanism is postulated to be the oxidation of boron to boron sesquioxide and its volatilization from the sample. The loss rate is controlled by the volatilization rate of the oxide which is directly influenced by structure of the compact and sintering environment. Independent of the chemical nature of the matrix, boron losses were incurred during heat treatment in hydrogen. Variations of the water content of the hydrogen from 7 to 460 ppm did not significantly influence …
Date:
September 15, 1961
Creator:
Cherubini, J.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water testing of the inducer pump. [LMFBR]
The inducer pump, designed and fabricated as a test article to evaluate the inducer/impeller pump concept for providing improved suction performance of large sodium pumps, met or exceeded all performance goals. The inducer stage in front of the centrifugal impeller dramatically reduces the size of pumps. It was demonstrated that the inducer can operate at suction specific speeds in excess of 35,000, whereas conventional centrifugal pumps have demonstrated capability to only 12,000. The inducer pump employs several components of the 2000 and 4000 gpm NaK pumps from the Connecticut Aircraft Nuclear Engine Laboratory (CANEL) Programs. Use of the volute, thermal barrier and shaft oil seal from the CANEL pumps allowed acceleration and cost reduction of the Inducer Pump Program.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Dunn, C. & Hoshide, R.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Equation of state of beryllium
A new, wide-range equation of state (EOS) has been constructed for Be. The composite theoretical model incorporates ionization equilibrium and condensed-matter and multiphase physics. It also satisfies all thermodynamic equilibrium constraints. The theoretical EOS has been compared with all available high-pressure and high-temperature Be data, and satisfactory agreement is generally achieved. The most interesting feature is the theoretical prediction of melting at just below 220 GPa (2 Mb), indicating an extremely wide pressure range for solid Be. A striking feature is the appearance of shell-structure effects in physical-process paths: 2 large loops appear on the principal Hugoniot and the behavior of release isentropes from rho = rho/sub 0/ is significantly affected.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Graboske, H. & Wong, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technology of mirror machines: LLL facilities for magnetic mirror fusion experiments
Significant progress in plasma confinement and temperature has been achieved in the 2XIIB facility at Livermore. These encouraging results, and their theoretical corroboration, have provided a firm basis for the design of a new generation of magnetic mirror experiments, adding support to the mirror concept of a fusion reactor. Two new mirror experiments have been proposed to succeed the currently operating 2XIIB facility. The first of these called TMX (Tandem Mirror Experiment) has been approved and is currently under construction. TMX is designed to utilize the intrinsic positive plasma potential of two strong, and relatively small, minimum B mirror cells to enhance the confinement of a much larger, magnetically weaker, centrally-located mirror cell. The second facility, MFTF (Mirror Fusion Test Facility), is currently in preliminary design with line item approval anticipated for FY 78. MFTF is designed primarily to exploit the experimental and theoretical results derived from 2XIIB. Beyond that, MFTF will develop the technology for the transition from the present small mirror experiments to large steady-state devices such as the mirror FERF/FTR. The sheer magnitude of the plasma volume, magnetic field, neutral beam power, and vacuum pumping capacity, particularly in the case of MFTF, has placed new and exciting …
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Batzer, T. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of model reference adaptive control theory for electric power plant control applications
The scope of this effort includes the theoretical development of a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) Model Reference Control (MRC) algorithm, (i.e., model following control law), Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) algorithm and the formulation of a nonlinear model of a typical electric power plant. Previous single-input, single-output MRAC algorithm designs have been generalized to MIMO MRAC designs using the MIMO MRC algorithm. This MRC algorithm, which has been developed using Command Generator Tracker methodologies, represents the steady state behavior (in the adaptive sense) of the MRAC algorithm. The MRC algorithm is a fundamental component in the MRAC design and stability analysis. An enhanced MRC algorithm, which has been developed for systems with more controls than regulated outputs, alleviates the MRC stability constraint of stable plant transmission zeroes. The nonlinear power plant model is based on the Cromby model with the addition of a governor valve management algorithm, turbine dynamics and turbine interactions with extraction flows. An application of the MRC algorithm to a linearization of this model demonstrates its applicability to power plant systems. In particular, the generated power changes at 7% per minute while throttle pressure and temperature, reheat temperature and drum level are held constant with a reasonable level …
Date:
September 15, 1982
Creator:
Mabius, L.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cover-gas-seal component development: dynamic inflatable-plug seal improvement
This report documents the 1) radial compliance and 2) low friction coating tests conducted on the CRBRP Rotating Plug Inflatable Seals per test plan N707TR810014. Test results show that narrowing the seal blade from 0.25 to 0.12 in. will effectively reduce dynamic drag from 30 to 20 lb/ft under nominal conditions and will increase seal radial compliance from 0.12 to 0.30 in. without an unacceptable rise in dynamic drag. Tests also demonstrated that application of a teflon coating to the seal wear surface reduced breakaway drag by 25% based on results of comparison dwells.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Horton, P.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
District heating and cooling systems for communities through power plant retrofit and distribution network. Final report. Volume I. Text
An analysis was performed investigating the potential of retrofitting Detroit Edison's Conners Creek power plant to supply district heating and cooling to an area surrounding the plant and within the City of Detroit. A detailed analysis was made of the types and ages of the buildings in the service area as a basis for establishing loads. The analysis of the power plant established possible modifications to the turbines to serve the load in the area. Based upon the service area data and plant retrofit schemes, a distribution system was developed incrementally over a 20-y period. An economic analysis of the system was performed to provide cash flows and payback periods for a variety of energy costs, system costs, and escalation rates to determine the economic viability of the system analyzed. The legal and regulatory requirements required of the district heating and cooling system owner in Michigan were also analyzed to determine what conditions must be met to own and operate the system.
Date:
September 15, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of shock wave risetime on material ejection from aluminum surfaces
The effect of shock wave risetime on material ejection in aluminum has been studied for loading stresses of 21 GPa. Uniform loading was accomplished with plate impact techniques by mounting specimens on a ramp wave generator. Projectile impact on one side of the wave generator produced a wave which dispersed with propagation distance. This wave was then made incident to an aluminum specimen, so that the specimen experienced non-shock loading. It was found that mass ejection from aluminum surfaces can be reduced by over two orders of magnitude relative to shock loading conditions by accelerating the surface with a wave risetime greater than about 35 ns. These results suggest an explanation for the apparent discrepancies which are sometimes observed in mass ejection measurements utilizing either plate impact or electron beam deposition to generate stress waves.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Asay, J.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Holmium Single Crystals
Magnetic moment measurements are made on holmium single crystals (hcp) from 1.3 to 300 deg K in magnetic fields from 250 to 18,000 Oe, with the field applied along the c axis, the a axis, and a (1010) direction. The STA1010! direction is the direction of easy magnetization with an extrapolated effective moment per atom at saturation of 10.34 Bohr magnetons. Basal plane measurements show antiferromagnetism below the Neel temperature of 132 deg K with basal plane anisotropy occurring below 80 deg K. Below the Neel point, an anomalous type of transition to ferromagnetic behavior upon application of sufficient field is observed. Magnetization curves for the c axis are linear down to 60 deg K, while measurements below 20 deg K show an initial magnetization of approximately 1.7 Bohr magnetons followed by nearly linear magnetization curves. Electrical resistivity measurements are made from 4.2 to 300 deg K. For the a axis, the resistivity changes slope slightly at 20 deg K. A larger change in slope occurs at the Neel temperature of 132 deg K. For the c axis, the resistivity changes slope slightly at 20 deg K, reaches a peak at 120 deg K, goes through a minimum at 132 …
Date:
September 15, 1962
Creator:
Strandburg, D. L.; Legvold, S. & Spedding, F. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Feasibility study of networks. Progress report, December 15, 1976--December 14, 1977. [Lab. for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech]
The Laboratory for Nuclear Science (LNS) has continued its study of resource sharing via general-purpose computer networks. This report describes experiments performed with the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the Argonne National Laboratory in using the network for off-loading calculations and obtaining access to unique hardware and software. It also gives performance statistics of the network and cost comparisons. Continued investigation of message and teleconferencing systems is described. Plans for improved usage of the ARPANET, for expansion of computer-aided communications facilities, and for investigation of networks other than the ARPANET are proposed. To date the study has demonstrated that resource sharing via networks will provide LNS with access to computer facilities not available on site, and thus improve the quality of energy research done in the laboratory. However, certain barriers, both technical and nontechnical, exist that must be overcome. In the technical area continued investigation is planned into improving the user interface to the network with cooperative projects at other sites, such as the development of a standard command language, expanded network oriented documentation, and consulting facilities. Methods of managing network services and allocating costs will be studied in an effort to eliminate some of the nontechnical barriers.
Date:
September 15, 1977
Creator:
Campbell, E.J.; Ford, M.T.; Hazelton, L.R. & Kannel, M.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deploymerization of coal by direct solvent attack. Semi-annual report, April 1, 1983-August 31, 1983
The depolymerization of Illinois No. 6 coal by a series of solvents having different basecities (pK/sub a/) and nucleophilicities (Swain-Scott nu values) showed no dependence on either the basicity of nucleophilicity of the solvents. As expected, the conversion decreases as the temperature of the reaction is reduced, but the lower the reaction temperature, the higher the percentage of amine incorporation becomes in the products. 5 tables.
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Larsen, J. W. & Mohammadi, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molecular biological enhancement of coal biodesulfurization. [Rhodococcus]
The objective of this project is to produce one or more microorganisms capable of removing the organic and inorganic sulfur in coal. The original specific technical objectives of the project were to: Clone and characterize the genes encoding the enzymes of the 4S'' pathway (sulfoxide/sulfone/sulfonate/sulfate) for release of organic sulfur from coal; return multiple copies of genes to the original host to enhance the biodesulfurization activity of that organism; transfer this pathway into a fast-growing chemolithotropic bacterium; conduct a batch-mode optimization/analysis of scale-up variables.
Date:
September 15, 1989
Creator:
Litchfield, J. H.; Palmer, D. T.; Zupancic, T. J. & Conkle, H. N. (Battelle, Columbus, OH (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of the Feasibility of Shipping the First Spent Core From Elk River, Minn. To Policoro, Italy. Final Report, August 1 to September 15, 1961
A study was conducted to assess the feasibility of transporting the first spent core of the Elk River Power Reactor to Policoro, ltaly. Commercial transport arrangements were also examined and it was found that changes in indemnity and/or insurance are required. Other aspects appear favorable. (J.R.D.)
Date:
September 15, 1961
Creator:
Fraenkel, S.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Broad-band soft x-ray diagnostic instruments at the LLNL Novette laser facility
Complementary broad-band instruments have been developed to measure time dependent, absolute soft x-ray spectra at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Nd glass laser irradiation facilities. Absolute flux measurements of x rays emitted from laser-produced plasmas are important for understanding laser absorption and energy transport. We will describe two new 10-channel XRD systems that have been installed at the LLNL Novette facility for use in the 0.15- to 1.5-keV range. Since XRD channel time response is limited by available oscilloscope performance to 120 ps, a soft x-ray streak camera has been developed for better time resolution (20 ps) and greater dynamic range (approx.10/sup 3/) in the same x-ray energy region. Using suitable filters, grazing incidence mirrors, and a gold or cesium-iodide transmission cathode, this streak camera instrument has been installed at Novette to provide one broad and four relatively narrow channels. It can also be used in a single channel, spatially discriminating mode by means of pinhole imaging. The complementary nature of these instruments has been enhanced by locating them in close proximity and matching their channel energy responses. As an example of the use of these instruments, we present results from Novette 2..omega..(0.53 ..mu..m) gold disk irradiations at 1 …
Date:
September 15, 1983
Creator:
Tirsell, K.G.; Lee, P.H.Y.; Nilson, D.G. & Medecki, H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NO/sub x/ emissions from Hanford nuclear fuels reprocessing plants
Operation of the existing Hanford nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities will increase the release of nitrogen oxides (NO/sub x/) to the atmosphere over present emission rates. Stack emissions from two reprocessing facilities, one waste storage facility and two coal burning power plants will contain increased concentrations of NO/sub x/. The opacity of the reprocessing facilities' emissions is predicted to periodically exceed the State and local opacity limit of twenty percent. Past measurements failed to detect differences in the ambient air NO/sub x/ concentration with and without reprocessing plant operations. Since the facilities are not presently operating, increases in the non-occupational ambient air NO/sub x/ concentration were predicted from theoretical diffusion models. Based on the calculations, the annual average ambient air NO/sub x/ concentration will increase from the present level of less than 0.004 ppM to less than 0.006 ppM at the Hanford site boundaries. The national standard for the annual mean ambient air NO/sub 2/ concentration is 0.05 ppM. Therefore, the non-occupational ambient air NO/sub x/ concentration will not be increased to significant levels by reprocessing operations in the Hanford 200 Areas.
Date:
September 15, 1978
Creator:
Pajunen, A. L. & Dirkes, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kennedy Center: More Information on Project Status and Budgets Needed to Understand the Impact of Future Funding Decisions
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Since fiscal year 1995, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (Center) has been responsible and received federal funding for implementing capital improvement projects and operations and maintenance activities. The Kennedy Center's Comprehensive Building Plan identifies capital projects needed to renovate the Center and bring it into compliance with current life safety and accessibility codes. The Kennedy Center currently is planning to construct, with private funds, two new buildings to open in 2013 on a new plaza to be built adjacent to the existing facility. The Kennedy Center expects federal funding to operate and maintain these buildings. GAO was asked to examine (1) how much the Center has received in federal appropriations for capital projects, (2) the status of the Comprehensive Building Plan and updates, and (3) the potential impact of the Center's plaza project on the need for future operations and maintenance funding."
Date:
September 15, 2004
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Medicaid Third-Party Liability: Federal Guidance Needed to Help States Address Continuing Problems
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Medicaid, jointly funded by the federal government and the states, finances health care for about 56 million low-income people at an estimated total cost of about $298 billion in fiscal year 2004. Congress intended Medicaid to be the payer of last resort: if Medicaid beneficiaries have another source of health care coverage--such as private health insurance or a health plan purchased individually or provided through an employer--that source, to the extent of its liability, should pay before Medicaid does. This concept is referred to as "third-party liability." When such coverage is used, savings accrue to the federal government and the states. Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the states, GAO examined (1) the extent to which Medicaid beneficiaries have private health coverage and (2) problems states face in ensuring that Medicaid is the payer of last resort, including the extent to which the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 may help address these problems."
Date:
September 15, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Chief Information Officers: Opportunities Exist to Improve Role in Information Technology Management
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The federal government invests billions in information technology (IT) each year to help agencies accomplish their missions. Federal law, particularly the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, has defined the role of Chief Information Officer (CIO) as the focal point for IT management within agencies. Given the longstanding challenges the government faces in managing IT and the continued importance of the CIO, GAO was asked to (1) determine the current roles and responsibilities of CIOs, (2) determine what potential modifications to the Clinger-Cohen Act and related laws could be made to enhance CIOs' authority and effectiveness, and (3) identify key lessons learned by CIOs in managing IT. To do this, GAO administered a questionnaire to 30 CIOs, compared responses to legislative requirements and the results of a 2004 GAO study, interviewed current CIOs, convened a panel of former agency CIOs, and spoke with the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) Federal CIO."
Date:
September 15, 2011
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library