Environmental Protection Agency: Status of Achieving Key Outcomes and Addressing Major Management Challenges (open access)

Environmental Protection Agency: Status of Achieving Key Outcomes and Addressing Major Management Challenges

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This report reviews the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) fiscal year 2000 performance report and fiscal year 2002 performance plan required by the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA) to assess the agency's progress in achieving selected key outcomes that are important to EPA's mission. EPA reported reasonable progress in achieving its key outcomes. Specifically, EPA reported (1) attaining air quality standards in more areas of the country and reducing emissions of toxic pollutants, (2) making strides in achieving its goal of safe and clean drinking water, (3) making progress in cleaning up hazardous waste sites, and (4) making progress in ensuring that food is free from unsafe pesticide residues. Although EPA made several improvements to its fiscal year 2000 performance report, it still falls short in providing information on crosscutting goals and measures. EPA's 2002 performance plan's goals and performance measures address some, but not all, major management challenges."
Date: June 15, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Farm Programs: Information on Recipients of Federal Payments (open access)

Farm Programs: Information on Recipients of Federal Payments

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Payments to farmers under federal farm programs have reached an historic high--over $20 billion in fiscal year 2000. Nearly half of U.S. farms are receiving payments for income or price support purposes and/or for engaging in activities such as land conservation. These payments, in total, made up almost one-half of net farm income in fiscal year 2000. Despite the annual influx of billions of federal dollars to the farm sector, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports that the number of farms has been declining about one percent per year, with the most notable declines in small family farms and young farmers. GAO reviewed USDA's annual surveys of U.S. farm operations--called the Agricultural Resource Management Study--and state and crop information from its Program Payments Reporting System to (1) determine the distribution of farm payments over the past decade by farm size, operators' age, state, and crop and (2) identify the major barriers that make it difficult for young people to enter farming. GAO found that in recent years, over 80 percent of farm payments have been made to large- and medium-sized farms, while small farms have …
Date: June 15, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Department of Commerce: Status of Achieving Key Outcomes and Addressing Major Management Challenges (open access)

Department of Commerce: Status of Achieving Key Outcomes and Addressing Major Management Challenges

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This report reviews the Department of Commerce's fiscal year 2000 performance report and fiscal year 2002 performance plan required by the Government Performance and Results Act to assess Commerce's progress on achieving selected key outcomes. Commerce's combined performance report and performance plan is a significant improvement over its fiscal year 1999 performance report and fiscal year 2001 performance plan and addresses the recommendations made in GAO's June 2000 report. Furthermore, the report indicates that Commerce has made progress toward achieving two of the selected key outcomes. However, progress toward achieving the remaining two outcomes is unclear largely because of weaknesses related to measuring performance. Specifically, some of the measures are output-oriented, rather than outcome oriented; some measures have known limitations, which Commerce acknowledges; many of the measures used to assess performance in the past are being discontinued for the future; and Commerce plans to rely on one, narrowly focused measure to demonstrate progress for each performance goal related to these key outcomes. Furthermore, other data exist within the International Trade Administration (ITA) that could support additional measures related to these performance goals."
Date: June 15, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Foreign Assistance: U.S. Bilateral Food Assistance to North Korea Had Mixed Results (open access)

Foreign Assistance: U.S. Bilateral Food Assistance to North Korea Had Mixed Results

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the U.S. bilateral food assistance project in North Korea, focusing on the: (1) objectives, accomplishments, key factors affecting performance, and monitoring effectiveness of the potato component of the bilateral aid project; (2) objectives, accomplishments, key factors affecting performance, and monitoring effectiveness of the food-for-work component; and (3) administration's views on the project and plans for additional bilateral assistance to North Korea. The United States, North Korea, and a consortium of U.S. private voluntary organizations (known as the Consortium) signed an agreement for the project in April 1999."
Date: June 15, 2000
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
H-2A Agricultural Guestworkers: Status of Efforts to Improve Program Services (open access)

H-2A Agricultural Guestworkers: Status of Efforts to Improve Program Services

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the status of the Department of Labor's (DOL) efforts to improve the H-2A agricultural guestworker program services."
Date: June 15, 2000
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Acquisitions: Use of Cost Reduction Plans in Estimating F-22 Total Production Costs (open access)

Defense Acquisitions: Use of Cost Reduction Plans in Estimating F-22 Total Production Costs

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the Air Force's F-22 Raptor Program and its impact on production cost reduction plans, focusing on the: (1) status of cost reduction plans, including some plans not yet implemented, and identifying Air Force procedures for reporting on the plans; and (2) comparison of 1999 cost estimates developed by the Air Force and the Office of the Secretary of Defense with the congressional cost limitation."
Date: June 15, 2000
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Park Service: Need to Address Key Management Problems That Plague the Concessions Program (open access)

Park Service: Need to Address Key Management Problems That Plague the Concessions Program

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the National Park Service's (NPS) concessions program, focusing on program management problems and options available to address them."
Date: June 15, 2000
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Medicare Fraud, Waste, and Abuse: Challenges and Strategies for Preventing Improper Payments (open access)

Medicare Fraud, Waste, and Abuse: Challenges and Strategies for Preventing Improper Payments

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "GAO has designated Medicare as a high-risk program since 1990, in part because the program's size and complexity make it vulnerable to fraud, waste, and abuse. Fraud represents intentional acts of deception with knowledge that the action or representation could result in an inappropriate gain, while abuse represents actions inconsistent with acceptable business or medical practices. Waste, which includes inaccurate payments for services, also occurs in the Medicare program. Fraud, waste, and abuse all can lead to improper payments, overpayments and underpayments that should not have been made or that were made in an incorrect amount. In 2009, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)--the agency that administers Medicare--estimated billions of dollars in improper payments in the Medicare program. This statement, will focus on challenges facing CMS and selected key strategies that are particularly important to helping prevent fraud, waste, and abuse, and ultimately to reducing improper payments, including challenges that CMS continues to face. It is based on nine GAO products issued from September 2005 through March 2010 using a variety of methodologies, including analysis of claims, review of relevant policies and procedures, stakeholder interviews, and …
Date: June 15, 2010
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technical study for the chemical cleaning of Dresden-1. Volume 2, section 3 (open access)

Technical study for the chemical cleaning of Dresden-1. Volume 2, section 3

Information is presented concerning corrosion studies on steels.
Date: June 15, 1977
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design study of a two-phase turbine bottoming cycle. Final report. [Therminol 66 heated in diesel exhaust] (open access)

Design study of a two-phase turbine bottoming cycle. Final report. [Therminol 66 heated in diesel exhaust]

The use of a biphase turbine system to recover waste heat from diesel engines was examined and found to have many favorable attributes. Among these were low rpm, high torque, low heat exchanger cost, and simplicity. Several candidate working fluid combinations were tested at temperatures of interest. The contact heat exchanger concept was substantiated by large scale experiment. The program includes subscale tests of key hardware components of a biphase turbine bottoming system. These are the two-phase nozzle, two-phase turbine, and direct contact heat exchanger. A comprehensive cost analysis was completed. A three-year program leading to a full-size system field demonstration has been planned. Progress in the first year of this program and the effort started on the second year program are reported.
Date: June 15, 1979
Creator: Studhalter, W R
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Welding uranium with a multikilowatt, continuous-wave, carbon dioxide laser welder (open access)

Welding uranium with a multikilowatt, continuous-wave, carbon dioxide laser welder

A 15-kilowatt, continuous-wave carbon dioxide laser was contracted to make partial-penetration welds in 6.35-and 12.7-mm-thick wrought depleted uranium plates. Welding power and speed ranged from 2.3 to 12.9 kilowatts and from 21 to 127 millimeters per second, respectively. Results show that depth-to-width ratios of at least unity are feasible. The overall characteristics of the process indicate it can produce welds resembling those made by the electron-beam welding process.
Date: June 15, 1977
Creator: Turner, P. W. & Townsend, A. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Detailed photonuclear cross-section calculations and astrophysical applications (open access)

Detailed photonuclear cross-section calculations and astrophysical applications

We have investigated the role of an isomeric state and its coupling to the ground state (g.s.) via photons and neutron inelastic scattering in a stellar environment by making detailed photonuclear and neutron cross-section calculations for /sup 176/Lu and /sup 210/Bi. In the case of /sup 176/Lu, the g.s. would function as an excellent galactic slow- (s-) process chronometer were it not for the 3.7-h isomer at 123 keV. Our calculations predicted much larger photon cross sections for production of the isomer, as well as a lower threshold, than had been assumed based on earlier measurements. These two factors combine to indicate that an enormous correction, a factor of 10/sup 7/, must be applied to shorten the current estimate of the half-life against photoexcitation of /sup 176/Lu as a function of temperature. This severely limits the use of /sup 176/Lu as a stellar chronometer and indicates a significantly lower temperature at which the two states reach thermal equilibrium. For /sup 210/Bi, our preliminary calculations of the production and destruction of the 3 /times/ 10/sup 6/ y isomeric state by neutrons and photons suggest that the /sup 210/Bi isomer may not be destroyed by photons as rapidly as assumed in certain …
Date: June 15, 1989
Creator: Gardner, D. G.; Gardner, M. A. & Hoff, R. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Relative Potential Hazards of Radioactive Waste in Various Water Systems (open access)

Relative Potential Hazards of Radioactive Waste in Various Water Systems

The potential hazard to man arising from the hypothetical release of radioactive spent fuel waste into various water systems has been evaluated. Radionuclide transport and human exposure were simulated for six water systems: a large Northwestern river, a small Northeastern river, a small Northwestern river, a large Central Region river, a lake with no outflow in an arid region, and an aquifer discharging directly into an ocean.
Date: June 15, 1979
Creator: Duffy, John J. & Mealy, Gregory L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Underestimation of oxygen deficiency hazard through use of linearized temperature profiles (open access)

Underestimation of oxygen deficiency hazard through use of linearized temperature profiles

The failure mode analysis for any cryogenic system includes the effects of a large liquid spill due to vessel rupture or overfilling. The Oxygen Deficiency Hazard (ODH) analysis for this event is a strong function of the estimated heat flux entering the spilled liquid. A common method for estimating the heat flux is to treat the surface on which the liquid spills as a semi-infinite solid. This note addresses the effect of linearizing the temperature profile in this form of analysis, and shows it to cause the calculated flux to be underestimated by more than a factor of two. 3 refs., 2 figs.
Date: June 15, 1989
Creator: Kerby, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Liquid nitrogen cooling considerations of the compact ignition tokamak (open access)

Liquid nitrogen cooling considerations of the compact ignition tokamak

An analytical procedure was developed to estimate the cooldown time between pulses of the Compact Ignition Tokamak (CIT) utilizing liquid nitrogen. Fairly good agreement was obtained between the analysis results and those measured in the early fusion experimental devices. The cooldown time between pulses in the CIT is controlled by the energy disposition in the inner leg of the TF coil. A cooldown time of less than one hour is feasible for the CIT if fins are used in the cooling channels. An R and D experimental program is proposed to determine the actual cooldown time between pulses since this would be considered an issue in the conceptual design of the CIT.
Date: June 15, 1986
Creator: Dabiri, A. E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Passive solar calculation methods. Final report (open access)

Passive solar calculation methods. Final report

An analytical treatment related to the generation of space specific weighting factors is presented using a recursion relationship which employs a heat balance of both the outside and inside surface. After which the multizone problem is discussed, the analysis of which is facilitated through the use of the calculated weighting factors. The use of frequency domain methods is detailed such that the amplitude ratio and phase shift characteristics for a sinusoidal excitation are derived for the thermal load resulting from radiation heat gain/loss and space air temperature fluctuations. The results of a parametric study related to variable floor properties, radiation distributions and space sizes are presented. The weighting factors generated for each perturbation were used to define the expected differences in space response characteristics. Additional studies made using methods available for use in calculating thermal loads without the program peculiar aspects inherent in the first comparison. The Appendix, in addition to containing the tabulated results of the parametric study, also includes a specific discussion for each of the tasks outlined within the statement of work.
Date: June 15, 1979
Creator: Cumali, Z. O.; Sezgen, A. O. & Sullivan, R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Production of eta mesons in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilations at. sqrt. s = 29 GeV (open access)

Production of eta mesons in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilations at. sqrt. s = 29 GeV

Data from e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilations at 29 GeV have been used to measure the production and fragmentation of eta mesons. The signal is observed in the eta ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. decay channel. The fragmentation function for p/sub eta/ > 1.5 GeV/c agrees well with the shapes predicted by both the Lund and Webber models. However, the mean multiplicity is measured to be < n/sub eta/ > = 0.37 +- 0.08 eta mesons per hadronic annihilation event, which is significantly lower than the values predicted by either model. 6 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.
Date: June 15, 1987
Creator: Abachi, S.; Akerlof, C.; Baringer, P.; Blockus, D.; Brabson, B.; Brom, J.M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of MHD materials for use in high-temperature fuel cells (open access)

Evaluation of MHD materials for use in high-temperature fuel cells

The MHD and high-temperature fuel cell literature was surveyed for data pertaining to materials properties in order to identify materials used in MHD power generation which also might be suitable for component use in high-temperature fuel cells. Classes of MHD-electrode materials evaluated include carbides, nitrides, silicides, borides, composites, and oxides. Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/-stabilized ZrO/sub 2/ used as a reference point to evaluate materials for use in the solid-oxide fuel cell. Physical and chemical properties such as electrical resistivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and thermodynamic stability toward oxidation were used to screen candidate materials. A number of the non-oxide ceramic MHD-electrode materials appear promising for use in the solid-electrolyte and molten-carbonate fuel cell as anodes or anode constituents. The MHD-insulator materials appear suitable candidates for electrolyte-support tiles in the molten-carbonate fuel cells. The merits and possible problem areas for these applications are discussed and additional needed areas of research are delineated.
Date: June 15, 1978
Creator: Guidotti, R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Auto Safety: NHTSA Has Options to Improve the Safety Defect Recall Process (open access)

Auto Safety: NHTSA Has Options to Improve the Safety Defect Recall Process

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In 2010, auto manufacturers recalled more vehicles than any other year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the federal oversight authority for vehicle recalls. However, many recalled vehicles are never fixed, posing a risk to vehicle operators, other drivers, and pedestrians. After the recent recalls of Toyota vehicles, Congress raised questions about the auto safety defect recall process, including the sufficiency of NHTSA's oversight authorities and whether vehicle owners are being effectively motivated to comply with recalls. In response, GAO reviewed laws and documents and interviewed NHTSA and stakeholders about the (1) extent of NHTSA's role in the recall process, and how its authorities compare to selected federal and foreign agencies that oversee recalls; (2) benefits and challenges of the recall process for NHTSA and manufacturers; and (3) options for improving the recall process. GAO also conducted focus groups with vehicle owners to better understand their perspectives."
Date: June 15, 2011
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Veterans Affairs: Continued Focus on Critical Success Factors Is Essential to Achieving Information Technology Realignment (open access)

Veterans Affairs: Continued Focus on Critical Success Factors Is Essential to Achieving Information Technology Realignment

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) spends nearly $1 billion yearly to support its information technology (IT) needs; yet it has encountered persistent challenges in managing IT projects. In October 2005, VA initiated a realignment to centralize its IT management program that it plans to complete by July 2008. GAO was requested to determine (1) whether the department's realignment plan includes critical factors for successful implementation and (2) how the centralized management approach is to ensure that the chief information officer (CIO) is accountable for the department's entire IT budget. To do so, GAO identified critical success factors, analyzed realignment and budget documents, and held discussions with VA officials."
Date: June 15, 2007
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Foster Care and Adoption Assistance: Federal Oversight Needed to Safeguard Funds and Ensure Consistent Support for States' Administrative Costs (open access)

Foster Care and Adoption Assistance: Federal Oversight Needed to Safeguard Funds and Ensure Consistent Support for States' Administrative Costs

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Policymakers have expressed concern over how costs to administer the Foster Care and Adoption Assistance programs are contributing to overall increased federal expenditures for these programs, estimated by the Congressional Budget Office to rise from about $6 billion in fiscal year 2003 to $8 billion in fiscal year 2008. The purpose of these programs is to provide financial support for the proper care of children who need placement outside their homes and find adoptive homes for children with special needs. They are authorized under Title IV-E of the Social Security Act and administered by the Department of Health and Human Services' Administration for Children and Families (ACF). GAO was asked to address (1) how the amounts and types of administrative costs changed from FY 2000 to FY 2004; (2) the reasons for differences in and among states in administrative spending and how these differences affect program services; and (3) whether HHS's oversight of administrative costs provides adequate controls over program spending."
Date: June 15, 2006
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Grants-In-Aid: An Historical Perspective on Contemporary Issues (open access)

Federal Grants-In-Aid: An Historical Perspective on Contemporary Issues

This report provides an historical synopsis of the evolving nature of federal grant-in-aid programs, focusing on the role Congress has played in defining the scope and nature of those programs. It begins with an overview of contemporary federal grant-in-aid programs and then examines their evolution over time, focusing on the internal and external factors that have influenced congressional decisions concerning federal grant-in-aid programs. It concludes with an assessment of the scope and nature of the contemporary federal grants-in-aid system and raises several issues for congressional consideration, including possible ways to augment congressional capacity to provide effective oversight of this system.
Date: June 15, 2009
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inherently Governmental Functions and Department of Defense Operations: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress (open access)

Inherently Governmental Functions and Department of Defense Operations: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress

An "inherently governmental function" is one that, as a matter of law and policy, must be performed by federal government employees and cannot be contracted out because it is "intimately related to the public interest." This report explores various sides of the debate as to what exactly constitutes an "inherently governmental function," as there is currently no one uniform definition. Congress is concerned that inconsistent definitions may lead to improperly contracted jobs.
Date: June 15, 2009
Creator: Luckey, John R.; Grasso, Valerie Bailey & Manuel, Kate M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iran's Economic Conditions: U.S. Policy Issues (open access)

Iran's Economic Conditions: U.S. Policy Issues

This report provides a general overview of Iran's economy, addresses related U.S. policy concerns, and discusses policy options for Congress. The purpose of this report is two-fold. First, it provides insight into important macroeconomic trends, policy reforms and objectives, key economic sectors, international trade patterns, and sources of foreign exchange. Second, in the context of U.S. economic sanctions imposed for national security and foreign policy reasons, the report evaluates Iran's economic structure, strengths, and vulnerabilities and discusses issues and options for Congress.
Date: June 15, 2009
Creator: Ilias, Shayerah
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library