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Kilowatt Isotope Power System, Phase II Plan. Volume IV. Teledyne FSCD vs GDS
This Volume contains Teledyne's input to the Kilowatt Isotope Power System Phase II Plan. Included is a description of the Flight System Heat Generation System, Flight System Radiator, Thermal Insulation Stability, GDS Heat Generation System and GDS Radiator.
Date:
March 15, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUMP-TYPE SOLIDIFIED-METAL SEAL
A solidified-metal seal for possible use in moIten-saIt systems was fabricated and tested on a laboratory scale/su The seal consisted of an 80 Au-20 Cu (wt%) sealant alloy in contact with IN0R-8 base metal/su Eleven successive helium-leak-tlght sealings were effected before termination of the test due to a leak in one of the mating parts/su With better control over the heating cycle and slight modifications in seal design, it is expected that the useful life of a seal of this type could be extended even further. (auth)
Date:
March 15, 1962
Creator:
Donnelly, R.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LIMB Demonstration Project Extension
The basic goal of the Limestone Injection Multistage Burner (LIMB) demonstration is to extend LIMB technology development to a full- scale application on a representative wall-fired utility boiler. The successful retrofit of LIMB to an existing boiler is expected to demonstrate that (a) reductions of 50 percent or greater in SO{sub x} and NO{sub x} emissions can be achieved at a fraction of the cost of add-on FGD systems, (b) boiler reliability, operability, and steam production can be maintained at levels existing prior to LIMB retrofit, and (c) technical difficulties attributable to LIMB operation, such as additional slagging and fouling, changes in ash disposal requirements, and an increased particulate load, can be resolved in a cost-effective manner. The primary fuel to be used will be an Ohio bituminous coal having a nominal sulfur content of 3 percent or greater.
Date:
March 15, 1989
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Emission Characteristics of Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, and Iridium in Plasma Diodes
Experimental determinations of the ionic and electronic emission characteristics of Ta, W, Re, and lr cathodes in vapor thermionic converters are compared. It is shown that Ta provides superior thermal ionization qualities at high pressure compared with W, Re, and Lr. High electronic current densities may be obtained from Cs on Re and Cs on Ir at much lower Cs vapor pressures than from Ta or W. An over-all efficiency of 19% was achieved with a Re cathode at 2440 deg K. (auth)
Date:
March 15, 1962
Creator:
Gust, W. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SALT PHASE CHLORINATION OF REACTOR FUELS. IV. NIOBIUM BEHAVIOR IN THE LEAD CHLORIDE AND CHLORINE-LEAD CHLORIDE SYSTEMS
Investigation of the behavior of Nb in PbCl/sub 2/ showed that the Nb dissolution rate is quite low. Since stirring increases the rate appreciably, it is likely that the initial reaction is diffusion controlled. A subsequent reaction is linear in rate with an activation energy of 23.4 kcal per mole. Incomplete volatilization of dissolved Nb from PbCl/sub 2/ is due to the presence of lower oxidation states of Nb. The addition of Cl to PbCl/sub 2/ increases the rate of dissolution of Nb. The rate is high enough at reasonable temperatures to be practical for fuel dissolution, e.g. 12 mg min/sup -1/ cm/sup -2/ at 550 deg C and 120 mg min/sup -1/ Cl. Volatilization of NbCl/sub 5/ is 99.9% complete at 550 deg C. (auth)
Date:
March 15, 1962
Creator:
Teague, J. L.; Hahn, H. T. & Vander Wall, E. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kilowatt isotope power system. Phase II plan. Volume V. Safety, quality assurance and reliability
The development of a Kilowatt Isotope Power System (KIPS) was begun in 1975 for the purpose of satisfying the power requirements of satellites in the 1980's. The KIPS is a /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/-fueled organic Rankine cycle turbine power system to provide a design output of 500 to 2000 W. Included in this volume are: launch and flight safety considerations; quality assurance techniques and procedures to be followed through system fabrication, assembly and inspection; and the reliability program made up of reliability prediction analysis, failure mode analysis and criticality analysis. (LCL)
Date:
March 15, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
GUIDE TO NUCLEAR POWER COST EVALUATION. VOLUME 4. FUEL CYCLE COSTS
Information on fuel cycle cost is presented. Topics covered include: nuclear fuel, fuel management, fuel cost, fissionable material cost, use charge, conversion and fabrication costs, processing cost, and shipping cost. (M.C.G.)
Date:
March 15, 1962
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of Evaluation Techniques for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Final Report
The development of standardized techniques for the comparative evaluation of electric vehicle battery technologies is summarized. The methodology considers both the traditional measures of battery performance (energy density, energy storage costs, and cycle life) and the equally important usage related battery characteristics (probability of technical success, operating and maintenance parameters, and safety/environmental impact). This comparative rationale is supplemented by the ability to generate battery test programs normalized to specific technologies and electric vehicle mission specifications. These test programs allow the evaluation of different battery technologies at comparable levels of electric vehicle performance. It was found that cost optimized electric passenger vehicles will have range specifications of 100 to 110 KM, depending on the specific performance of the battery. Longer range vehicles are penalized by higher first costs while shorter range vehicles suffer from reduced battery life and the need for more frequent alternative car rentals (presumably petroleum fueled) for trips which exceed the EV's range capability.
Date:
March 15, 1980
Creator:
Gaines, Lewis H. & Nazimek, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SNAP-23A Program, Phase I. Thermoelectric Converter Development Program. Monthly Report, February 1969.
None
Date:
March 15, 1969
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molecular biological enhancement of coal biodesulfurization. [Rhodococcus]
The objective of this project is to produce one or more microorganisms capable of removing the organic and inorganic sulfur in coal. The original specific technical objectives of the project were to: Clone and characterize the genes encoding the enzymes of the 4S'' pathway (sulfoxide/sulfone/sulfonate/sulfate) for release of organic sulfur from coal; Return multiple copies of genes to the original host to enhance the biodesulfurization activity of that organism; Transfer this pathway into a fast-growing chemolithotrophic bacterium; Conduct a batch-mode optimization/analysis of scale-up variables.
Date:
March 15, 1990
Creator:
Litchfield, J. H.; Fry, I.; Wyza, R. E.; Palmer, D. T.; Zupancic, T. J. & Conkle, H. N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF THE HRT CORE VESSEL WALL THICKNESS
Design and development of a remote ultrasonic inspection technique for use in measuring wall thicknesses in the HRT core vessel are described. (J.R.D.)
Date:
March 15, 1962
Creator:
McClung, R.W. & Cook, K.V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Possible explosive compounds in the Savannah River Site waste tank farm facilities
Based on a comparison of the known constituents in high-level nuclear waste stored at the Savannah River Site (SRS) and explosive compounds reported in the literature, only two classes of explosive compounds (metal NO{sub x} compounds and organic compounds) were identified as requiring further work to determine if they exist in the waste, and if so, in what quantities. Of the fourteen classes of explosive compounds identified as conceivably being present in tank farm operations, nine classes (metal fulminates, metal azides, halogen compounds, metal-amine complexes, nitrate/oxalate mixtures, metal oxalates, metal oxohalogenates, metal cyanides/cyanates, and peroxides) are not a hazard because these classes of compounds cannot be formed or accumulated in sufficient quantity, or they are not reactive at the conditions which exist in the tank farm facilities. Three of the classes (flammable gases, metal nitrides, and ammonia compounds and derivatives) are known to have the potential to build up to concentrations at which an observable reaction might occur. Controls have been in place for some time to limit the formation or control the concentration of these classes of compounds. A comprehensive list of conceivable explosive compounds is provided in Appendix 3.
Date:
March 15, 1992
Creator:
Hobbs, D. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mechanisms affecting mass transfer in fuel cells
An initial analysis of particulate effects on molten carbonate fuel cells has been conducted. The analysis has been applied to a conceptual fuel cell with operating parameters appropriate to use with future power generation plants. Particle transport due to several mechanisms has been considered and dominant mechanisms affecting particle delivery to anode channel surfaces and into anode pores have been identified. Thermophoresis and gas flow out from anode pores have been found to inhibit particle arrival on the anode and entry into pores so that neither anode channel blockage nor pore blockage are expected for particles with diameters smaller than about one micron. The analytical approach developed could be applied to other fuel cell types in addition to the molten carbonate fuel cells.
Date:
March 15, 1982
Creator:
Wenglarz, R.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary report on the Solar Consumer Assurance Network (SOLCAN) Program Planning Task in the southern region
The goal of the SOLCAN Program Planning Task is to assist in the development, at the state and local levels, of consumer assurance approaches that will support the accelerated adoption and effective use of new products promoted by government incentives to consumers to meet our nation's energy needs. The task includes state-conducted evaluations and state SOLCAN meetings to identify consumer assurance mechanisms, assess their effectiveness, and identify and describe alternative means for strengthening consumer and industry assurance in each state. Results of the SOLCAN process are presented, including: a Solar Consumer Protection State Assessment Guide; State Solar Consumer Assurance Resources for Selected States; State Solar Consumer Protection Assessment Interviews for Florida; and state SOLCAN meeting summaries and participants. (LEW)
Date:
March 15, 1981
Creator:
Browne, M. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of line focus solar central power systems. Volume II. Systems evaluation
An evaluation was completed to ascertain the applicability of line focus technologies to electrical power applications and to compare their performance and cost potential with point focus central receiver power systems. It was concluded that although the high temperature line focus (SRI) and fixed mirror line focus (GA) concepts duplicate the heat source characteristics and power conversion technology of the central receiver concepts these configurations do not offer a sufficient improvement in cost to warrant full scale development. The systems are, however, less complex than their point focus counterpart and should the central receiver system development falter they provide reasonable technology alternatives. The parabolic trough concept (BDM) was found to provide a low temperature technology alternative to the central receiver concept with promising performance and cost potential. Its continued development is recommended, with special emphasis on lower temperature (< 700/sup 0/F) applications. Finally, a variety of new promising line focus power system configurations were identified for a range of utility and industrial applications and recommendations were made on their implementation. This volume contains the detailed report. (WHK)
Date:
March 15, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Immobilization of high-level defense wastes in SYNROC-D: recent research and development results on process scale-up
SYNROC is a titanate-based ceramic waste form being developed to immobilize high-level nuclear reactor wastes. SYNROC-D is a unique variation of SYNROC designed to contain high-level defense wastes, particularly those in storage at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). We review recent research and development on SYNROC-D processing options and report on work in progress on various unit operations. The overall immobilization process can be divided into three general parts: (1) slurry preparation (formulation, reactant addition and blending); (2) powder processing (spray drying, calcination/redox control); and (3) mineralization (densification). Powder processing research is directed toward development of a slurry-fed, fluidized-bed calciner based on the ICPP design. Densification research is focused on use of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) or hot uniaxial pressing (HUP). The successful use of both have been demonstrated.
Date:
March 15, 1982
Creator:
Campbell, J. H.; Rozsa, R. B. & Hoenig, C. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Brayton isotope power system. Volume II. System evaluation attributes
This volume of the Brayton Isotope Power System, Phase II Plan, contains the self-evaluation by AiResearch, GE, and TECO, addressing Section 3 of The Dynamic Systems Evaluation Criteria and Procedures established by the Department of Energy. These evaluation criteria addresses: Component Feasibility; Flight System Design Performance; GDS Test Results; Reliability and Practicality; Safety; Spacecraft Integration; and Cost and Risk. Included in each of these general categories are several attributes, each of which addresses a separate component, feature, or area of interest related to the power system, its development status, degree of preparedness for proceeding into a flight program, and/or the contractors' performance during Phase I. The key elements which indicate the readiness of a radioisotope power system to progress into a flight qualification program are: an advanced state of development of the power conversion system; demonstrated or exhibited potential for space systems standards of reliability; evident capability of meeting system safety requirements; favorable cost/benefit tradeoff considering projected missions and technology advancement potential; and proven feasibility of fabricating and qualifying a flight system and integrating it with a candidate spacecraft and launch vehicle. As a result of considerable government investment in Brayton system component development, the MHW isotope heat source and …
Date:
March 15, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of deposition for power-plant molten-carbonate fuel cells
Particulate deposition in molten carbonate fuel cell anodes is addressed for operation with future coal gasification power plants. Power plant systems factors affecting deposition are explored such as gas cleanup requirements for particulate removal and gasifier product gas composition differences for various gasifier types and operational modes (air blown versus oxygen blown). Effects of fuel cell characteristics (including average cell current density and fuel utilization) on anode deposition are also quantified. Particulate effects on molten carbonate fuel cell anode performance may not be as detrimental as perhaps perceived in the past. Gas cleanup to remove virtually all particles larger than one micron in diameter is expected to prevent or at least greatly reduce anode deposition. However, cathode deposition in molten carbonate fuel cells should be evaluated in the future since cathodes are likely more prone to deposition than anodes even though cathode channel particle concentrations are much lower.
Date:
March 15, 1982
Creator:
Wenglarz, R. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ECRH and ICRH in the TMX-U Tandem Mirror
In the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U), the formation of a thermal barrier and the potential plugging of ion end loss were achieved at central-cell densities up to 2 x 10/sup 12/ cm/sup -3/. The presence of a thermal barrier was confirmed by direct measurement, and ion axial-confinement times in the range 50 to 100 ms were measured. The ECRH in the end cells (a) initiates plasma startup, (b) generates hot, mirror-confined electrons to form thermal barriers, and (c) creates the plugging potential for central-cell ions. The ECRH system consists of four 200 kW, 28 GHz gyrotrons each feeding power to a separate heating location (two in each end plug). Fundamental heating is used at the potential plug, and second harmonic is used in the thermal barrier. Hot-electron plasmas are produced at total end-cell antenna power levels up to 300 kW. Strong single-pass absorption and net hot-electron heating efficiencies exceeding 40% are observed. Hot-electron parameters achieved are: n/sub eh//n/sub et/ up to 0.8, volume-average beta <..beta..> approx. = 0.15, and T/sub x/ (x-ray tail above 40 keV) in the range 75 to 200 keV.
Date:
March 15, 1984
Creator:
Stallard, B. W.; Cummins, W. F.; Molvik, A. W.; Poulsen, P.; Simonen, T. C.; Falabella, S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
X-ray diffraction and scattering studies of coal constituents. Final technical report, January 1-December 31, 1983
The general objective of this work has been to use x-ray diffraction and scattering to examine whole coals, coal macerals and minerals in order to perform the following studies: (1) to identify and explain differences in vitrinites and framboids from various coals; (2) to correlate differences with basic coal compositions and properties; and (3) to determine the systematic variability in the micro compositional variation of macerals. The accomplishments have been: (a) the development of the Fourier transform technique to do proximate and ultimate analyses in a quick fashion; and (b) the investigation of the structure of pyrite framboids and preliminary studies of coal macerals. 3 figures, 12 tables.
Date:
March 15, 1984
Creator:
Pavlovic, A. S. & Renton, J. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of voltage control in utility interactive dispersed storage and generation systems
When a small generator is connected to the distribution system, the voltage at the point of interconnection is determined largely by the system and not the generator. This report examines the effect on the generator, on the load voltage and on the distribution system of a number of different voltage control strategies in the generator. Synchronous generators with three kinds of exciter control are considered, as well as induction generators and dc/ac inverters, with and without capacitor compensation. The effect of varying input power during operation (which may be experienced by generators based on renewable resources) is explored, as well as the effect of connecting and disconnecting the generator at ten percent of its rated power.
Date:
March 15, 1983
Creator:
Kirkham, H. & Das, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kilowatt isotope power system. Phase II plan. Volume I. Phase II program plan
The development of a Kilowatt Isotope Power System (KIPS) was begun in 1975 for the purpose of satisfying the power requirements of satellites in the 1980's. The KIPS is a /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/-fueled organic Rankine cycle turbine power system to provide a design output of 500 to 2000 W. Phase II of the overall 3-phase KIPS program is described. This volume presents a program plan for qualifying the organic Rankine power system for flight test in 1982. The program plan calls for the design and fabrication of the proposed flight power system; conducting a development and a qualification program including both environmental and endurance testing, using an electrical and a radioisotope heat source; planning for flight test and spacecraft integration; and continuing ground demonstration system testing to act as a flight system breadboard and to accumulate life data. (LCL)
Date:
March 15, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annual technical report: fiscal year 1981
The activities of the JPL Solar Thermal Power Systems Parabolic Dish Project are summarized for FY 1981. Included are discussions on subsystem designs of concentrators, receivers, engines, power converters, and thermal transport. Analyses and test results are also included along with progress on field tests, Small Community System development and the Parabolic Dish Test Site.
Date:
March 15, 1982
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Theory and tests of two-phase turbines
Two-phase turbines open the possibility of new types of power cycles operating with extremely wet mixtures of steam and water, organic fluids, or immiscible liquids and gases. Possible applications are geothermal power, waste-heat recovery, refrigerant expansion, solar conversion, transportation turbine engines, and engine bottoming cycles. A theoretical model for two-phase impulse turbines was developed. Apparatus was constructed for testing one- and two-stage turbines (using speed decrease from stage to stage). Turbines were tested with water-and-nitrogen mixtures and Refrigerant 22. Nozzle efficiencies were 0.78 (measured) and 0.72 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures at a water/nitrogen mixture ratio of 68, by mass; and 0.89 (measured) and 0.84 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 expanding from 0.02 quality to 0.28 quality. Blade efficiencies (shaft power before windage and bearing loss divided by nozzle jet power) were 0.63 (measured) and 0.71 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures and 0.62 (measured) and 0.63 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 with a single-stage turbine, and 0.70 (measured) and 0.85 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures with a two-stage turbine.
Date:
March 15, 1982
Creator:
Elliot, D.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library