Resource Type

Hanford Dose Overview Program. Comparison of AIRDOS-EPA and Hanford Site Dose Codes (open access)

Hanford Dose Overview Program. Comparison of AIRDOS-EPA and Hanford Site Dose Codes

Radiation dose commitments for persons in the Hanford environs calculated using AIRDOS-EPA were compared with those calculated using a suite of Hanford codes: FOOD, PABLM, DACRIN, and KRONIC. Dose commitments to the population and to the maximally exposed individual (MI) based on annual releases of eight radionuclides from the N-Reactor, were calculated by these codes. Dose commitments from each pathway to the total body, lung, thyroid, and lower large intestine (LLI) are given for the population and MI, respectively. 11 refs., 25 tabs.
Date: November 1, 1985
Creator: Aaberg, R. L. & Napier, B. A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design, Volume II of IV, Results of Laboratory and Field Research on New Concepts in Weir and Pool Fishways, 1982-1984 Final Project Report. (open access)

New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design, Volume II of IV, Results of Laboratory and Field Research on New Concepts in Weir and Pool Fishways, 1982-1984 Final Project Report.

A comprehensive review of fishway design practice led to new design concepts that had previously been untested. This concept was based on the observation that fish can be stimulated to leap when presented with certain hydraulic conditions. A laboratory test program was conducted to develop this concept into a new fishway configuration. Field testing revealed that components of the new design improved fish passage. Verification of the initial premise that fish can be stimulated to leap needs further study.
Date: August 1, 1985
Creator: Aaserude, Robert G. & Orsborn, John F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Consolidation and shear failure leading to subsidence and settlement. Part I (open access)

Consolidation and shear failure leading to subsidence and settlement. Part I

Subsidence and settlement are phenomena that are much more destructive than generally thought. In shallow land burials they may lead to cracking of the overburden and eventual exposure and escape of waste material. The primary causes are consolidation and cave-ins. Laboratory studies performed at Los Alamos permit us to predict settlement caused by consolidation or natural compaction of the crushed tuff overburden. We have also investigated the shear failure characteristics of crushed tuff that may lead to subsidence. Examples of expected settlement and subsidence are calculated based on the known geotechnical characteristics of crushed tuff. The same thing is done for bontonite/tuff mixes because some field experiments were performed using this additive (bentonite) to reduce the hydraulic conductivity of the crushed tuff. Remedial actions, i.e., means to limit the amount of settlement, are discussed. Finally, we briefly comment on our current field experiment, which studies the influence of subsidence on layered systems in general and on biombarriers in particular.
Date: November 1, 1985
Creator: Abeele, W.V.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Micelle-derived catalysts for extended Schulz-Flory (open access)

Micelle-derived catalysts for extended Schulz-Flory

Our objective is to develop a catalyst for making gasoline or diesel range fuel selectively from synthesis gas. Our catalyst development approach is to provide a cut-off for the higher end of the hydrocarbon distribution by limiting the size of the active metal particle. We are using a micelle technique for preparing specific size ruthenium particles supported on [gamma]-alumina. Hydrocarbon cut-off was not observed with 40--60 [Angstrom] ruthenium particles on [gamma]-alumina. We could not determine whether smaller ruthenium particles would provide cut-off since they agglomerated during the test, apparently through the formation of ruthenium carbonyl. In order to determine whether ruthenium migration can be eliminated under a new set of testing conditions, we evaluated the effect of H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio and the effect of total pressure on ruthenium migration. Ruthenium migration was significantly suppressed but not totally eliminated by increasing the H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio from 0.9 to 3.0. At the same H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio, lowering the total pressure from 500 psig to 150 psig enhanced ruthenium migration. During the next quarter, the use of high pressure in conjunction with high H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio will be evaluated to eliminate ruthenium migration. In case …
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Abrevaya, H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Micelle-derived catalysts for extended Schulz-Flory. Technical progress report, October 1, 1985--12/31/85 (open access)

Micelle-derived catalysts for extended Schulz-Flory. Technical progress report, October 1, 1985--12/31/85

Our objective is to develop a catalyst for making gasoline or diesel range fuel selectively from synthesis gas. Our catalyst development approach is to provide a cut-off for the higher end of the hydrocarbon distribution by limiting the size of the active metal particle. We are using a micelle technique for preparing specific size ruthenium particles supported on {gamma}-alumina. Hydrocarbon cut-off was not observed with 40--60 {Angstrom} ruthenium particles on {gamma}-alumina. We could not determine whether smaller ruthenium particles would provide cut-off since they agglomerated during the test, apparently through the formation of ruthenium carbonyl. In order to determine whether ruthenium migration can be eliminated under a new set of testing conditions, we evaluated the effect of H{sub 2}:CO feed gas ratio and the effect of total pressure on ruthenium migration. Ruthenium migration was significantly suppressed but not totally eliminated by increasing the H{sub 2}:CO feed gas ratio from 0.9 to 3.0. At the same H{sub 2}:CO feed gas ratio, lowering the total pressure from 500 psig to 150 psig enhanced ruthenium migration. During the next quarter, the use of high pressure in conjunction with high H{sub 2}:CO feed gas ratio will be evaluated to eliminate ruthenium migration. In case …
Date: December 31, 1985
Creator: Abrevaya, H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Fuel Cell Development Progress Report: July-September 1984 (open access)

Advanced Fuel Cell Development Progress Report: July-September 1984

Quarterly report discussing fuel cell research and development work at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). This report describes studies directed toward seeking alternative cathode materials to NiO for molten carbonate fuel cells.
Date: June 1985
Creator: Ackerman, J. P.; Pierce, Robert Dean; Nelson, P. A. & Arons, R. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sandia Sodium Purification Loop (SNAPL) description and operations manual (open access)

Sandia Sodium Purification Loop (SNAPL) description and operations manual

Sandia's Sodium Purification Loop was constructed to purify sodium for fast reactor safety experiments. An oxide impurity of less than 10 parts per million is required by these in-pile experiments. Commercial, reactor grade sodium is purchased in 180 kg drums. The sodium is melted and transferred into the unit. The unit is of a loop design and purification is accomplished by ''cold trapping.'' Sodium purified in this loop has been chemically analysed at one part per million oxygen by weight. 5 refs., 22 figs., 7 tabs.
Date: August 1, 1985
Creator: Acton, R. U.; Weatherbee, R. L.; Smith, L. A.; Mastin, F. L. & Nowotny, K. E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Retrospective analysis of energy use and conservation trends: 1972-1982 (open access)

Retrospective analysis of energy use and conservation trends: 1972-1982

The primary objective of the research reported here is to analyze energy use trends for the entire economy and by end-use sector (residential, commercial, and industrial, and transportation). In particular, an examination of energy trends was undertaken for the period 1972 through 1982 to determine the magnitude of ''energy savings'' attributable to: (1) changes in economic activity; (2) efficiency improvements relative to the 1972 stock (including structures and capital equipment); and (3) efficiency improvements relative to 1960 to 1972 trends. In addition to identifying the measures of energy savings described above, the causes of efficiency improvement relative to 1972 are explored. For example, energy savings due to efficiency improvements in the residential sector are explained by such activities as changes in household size, migration, improved shell and appliance efficiencies, and increased wood use. For this research, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) developed a consistent methodology for analyzing energy use trends by end-use sector. Alternative measures of energy use trends (i.e., alternative base cases) were developed for the purpose of measuring energy savings. The energy use trends were calculated as the product of economic activity levels (number of households in the residential sector, square feet of floor space in the commercial sector, …
Date: June 1, 1985
Creator: Adams, R. C.; Belzer, D. B.; Fang, J. M.; Imhoff, K. L.; Lax, D. H.; Moe, R. J. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Retrospective analysis of energy use and conservation trends: 1972-1982. Appendix (open access)

Retrospective analysis of energy use and conservation trends: 1972-1982. Appendix

This appendix contains the detailed documentation corresponding to the end-use sectoral analyses presented in the main report. The data and methods used to calculate alternative scenarios for estimating energy savings in four economic sectors are provided in this volume. Appendix A contains the detailed documentation for the residential sector analysis. The methodology used to prepare estimates of building energy savings in the commercial sector is provided in Appendix B. Finally, Appendices C and D discuss the data and explain the analytical techniques used to derive estimates of energy savings in the industrial and transportation sectors, respectively. 9 refs., 14 figs., 86 tabs.
Date: June 1, 1985
Creator: Adams, R. C.; Belzer, D. B.; Fang, J. M.; Imhoff, K. L.; Lax, D. H.; Moe, R. J. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Theory, design, and operation of liquid metal fast breeder reactors, including operational health physics (open access)

Theory, design, and operation of liquid metal fast breeder reactors, including operational health physics

A comprehensive evaluation was conducted of the radiation protection practices and programs at prototype LMFBRs with long operational experience. Installations evaluated were the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF), Richland, Washington; Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II), Idaho Falls, Idaho; Prototype Fast Reactor (PFR) Dounreay, Scotland; Phenix, Marcoule, France; and Kompakte Natriumgekuhlte Kernreak Toranlange (KNK II), Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany. The evaluation included external and internal exposure control, respiratory protection procedures, radiation surveillance practices, radioactive waste management, and engineering controls for confining radiation contamination. The theory, design, and operating experience at LMFBRs is described. Aspects of LMFBR health physics different from the LWR experience in the United States are identified. Suggestions are made for modifications to the NRC Standard Review Plan based on the differences.
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Adams, S. R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Plans for Implementing the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program in Fiscal Year 1986. (open access)

Plans for Implementing the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program in Fiscal Year 1986.

The Fish and Wildlife Program is an effort to enhance, protect, and mitigate losses of those fish and wildlife which have been affected by the development, operation, and management of hydroelectric facilities in the Columbia River Basin. The implementation plan is organized to address the action items assigned to BPA in Section 1500 of the Council's Fish and Wildlife Program (1984). These action items generally relate to one or more specific measures in the Program. The following information is listed for each project: budget summary, projects, obligation plan, and work plan and milestones.
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Administration, United States. Bonneville Power
System: The UNT Digital Library
18t Resistive Magnet Development. Conceptual Design Second Annual Report (open access)

18t Resistive Magnet Development. Conceptual Design Second Annual Report

This report documents the work performed on a normal conducting magnet during fiscal year 1985. Emphasis, during the study, was on refinement of the structural design and optimization of the coil current density distribution for either maximum field generation or minimum power consumption. The results have shown that one can generate a 4.4 tesla field using 6.14 megawatts or 3.1 tesla at 1.43 megawatts. The structural design has been modified to stiffen the outer turn of the conductor. The modification was confirmed to be structurally adequate by both analysis and test. 37 figs., 21 tabs.
Date: October 1, 1985
Creator: Agarwal, K. L.; Burgeson, J. E.; Gurol, H.; Mancuso, A. & Michels, P. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conrail Sale: Labor Aspects (open access)

Conrail Sale: Labor Aspects

This report presents the issues discussed by Congress in regard to Conrail’s sale. In examining the issues in Conrail's sale, Congress most likely will consider the welfare of Conrail employees as affected by the terms and conditions of the sale. Should negotiations on labor conditions with the final bidder fail, Congress might be asked to include labor conditions as part of any legislation related to the sale of Conrail.
Date: June 27, 1985
Creator: Ahmuty, Alice L
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclide migration through a planar fissure with matrix diffusion (open access)

Nuclide migration through a planar fissure with matrix diffusion

This report presents the first results of a new analytical study of the hydrological transport of a radioactive contaminant through a planar fracture in porous rock. The purpose is to predict the space-time dependent concentration of the contaminant in the groundwater, as affected by advective transport within the fracture and by molecular diffusion of the contaminant into and out of pores that intersect the fracture surfaces.
Date: April 1, 1985
Creator: Ahn, J.; Chambre, P. L. & Pigford, T. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radionuclide migration through fractured rock: Effects of multiple fractures and two-member decay chains (open access)

Radionuclide migration through fractured rock: Effects of multiple fractures and two-member decay chains

This report presents the results of an analytical study of the hydrological transport of a radioactive contaminant through fractured, porous rock. The purpose is to evaluate the time-, and space-dependent concentration of the contaminant in the ground-water in the fractures and in the rock pores. We propose a simplified analytical method that superposes two single-fracture solutions for the concentration in the rock matrix with a system of parallel fractures. The exact solutions require multiple integrals and summation of an infinite series, which converges slowly because of its oscillating nature. The convergence of the series becomes slower for strongly-sorbing media, large spacing of two fractures, and early times. In summary, we made extension to the theory of radionuclide penetration into multiply fractured rock, and provided solutions for a two-member decay chain. 9 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Ahn, J.; Chambre, P. L. & Pigford, T. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
CSDP: the seismology of continental thermal regimes. Final technical report, January 1, 1975-December 31, 1984 (open access)

CSDP: the seismology of continental thermal regimes. Final technical report, January 1, 1975-December 31, 1984

Research progress is reported in the development of new seismological tools to define and characterize the geometry, mechanical construction and mass transport process of a geothermal system, and their application to various geothermal systems including the Fenton Hill Hot Dry Rock System, New Mexico, Kilauea and Kilauea Iki, Hawaii, Mt. St. Helens, Washington, and Long Valley, California. (ACR)
Date: February 1, 1985
Creator: Aki, K.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Experimental attempt to achieve microstructure variations through temperature/time permutations for a nonwrought powder metallurgy uranium-6 niobium alloy (open access)

Experimental attempt to achieve microstructure variations through temperature/time permutations for a nonwrought powder metallurgy uranium-6 niobium alloy

The powder metallurgical processing of uranium-6 niobium (U-6Nb) alloy has undergone 3 years of characterization at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. The current structure of the powder metallurgy (P/M) alloy has been described as duplex: a mixture of two or more distinct grain sizes. An experiment was conducted to determine a gamma stabilizing heat treatment (time and temperature combination) to produce a structure consisting of one gamma grain size. Two heat treatments were found to produce an irregular ASTM 4 grain size. Additional P/M U-6Nb alloy material was hot pressed and characterized using the two new heat treatments; however, the resulting microstructures were size ASTM 8. Mechanical properties of the fine-grained P/M material were characterized. Continued evaluation of these results did not determine the cause of the grain refinement.
Date: June 7, 1985
Creator: Alexander-Morrison, G.M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of reference Umtanum and Cohassett basalt (open access)

Characterization of reference Umtanum and Cohassett basalt

The Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP) Materials Testing Group (MTG) provides large quantities of reference basalt for testing waste package materials under repository conditions, site sorption characteristics and other experimental purposes. This document describes the reference rock materials currently used in testing, namely entablature and colonnade basalt from the Umtanum and Cohassett flows. The data include sampling locations, bulk chemical composition, modal percentages of major phases, and the chemical and mineralogical compositions of these phases. 8 refs., 17 figs., 15 tabs.
Date: February 1, 1985
Creator: Allen, C. C.; Johnston, R. G. & Strope, M. B.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of selected compressed air energy storage studies (open access)

Summary of selected compressed air energy storage studies

A descriptive summarily of research and development in compressed air energy storage technology is presented. Research funded primarily by the Department of Energy is described. Results of studies by other groups and experience at the Huntorf plant in West Germany are included. Feasibility studies performed by General Electric are summarized. The feasibility of air storage in dissolved salt cavities is also demonstrated. (BCS)
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Allen, R. D.; Doherty, T. J. & Kannberg, L. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conversion of transuranic waste to low level waste by decontamination: a site specific update (open access)

Conversion of transuranic waste to low level waste by decontamination: a site specific update

As a followup to an FY-1984 cost/benefit study, a program was conducted in FY-1985 to transfer to the relevant DOE sites the information and technology for the direct conversion of transuranic (TRU) waste to low-level waste (LLW) by decontamination. As part of this work, the economic evaluation of the various TRUW volume reduction and conversion options was updated and expanded to include site-specific factors. The results show, for the assumptions used, that size reduction, size reduction followed by decontamination, or in situ decontamination are cost effective compared with the no-processing option. The technology transfer activities included site presentations and discussions with operations and waste management personnel to identify application opportunities and site-specific considerations and constraints that could affect the implementation of TRU waste conversion principles. These discussions disclosed definite potential for the beneficial application of these principles at most of the sites, but also confirmed the existence of site-specific factors ranging from space limitations to LLW disposal restrictions that could preclude particular applications or diminish expected benefits. 8 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1985
Creator: Allen, R.P. & Hazelton, R.F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
MELSAR: a mesoscale air quality model for complex terrain. Volume 1. Overview, technical description and user's guide (open access)

MELSAR: a mesoscale air quality model for complex terrain. Volume 1. Overview, technical description and user's guide

This final report is submitted as part of the Green River Ambient Model Assessment (GRAMA) program conducted at the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest Laboratory for the US Environmental Protection Agency. The GRAMA program has, as its ultimate goal, the development of validated air quality models that can be applied to the complex terrain of the Green River Formation of western Colorado, eastern Utah, and southern Wyoming. The Green River Formation is a geologic formation containing large reserves of oil shale, coal, and other natural resources. Development of these resources may lead to a degradation of the air quality of the region. Air quality models are needed immediately for planning and regulatory purposes to assess the magnitude of these regional impacts. This report documents one of the models being developed for this purpose within GRAMA - specifically a model to predict short averaging time (less than or equal to 24 h) pollutant concentrations resulting from the mesoscale transport of pollutant releases from multiple sources. MELSAR has not undergone any rigorous operational testing, sensitivity analyses, or validation studies. Testing and evaluation of the model are needed to gain a measure of confidence in the model's performance. This report consists of …
Date: April 1, 1985
Creator: Allwine, K. J. & Whiteman, C. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
MELSAR: a mesoscale air quality model for complex terrain. Volume 2. Appendices (open access)

MELSAR: a mesoscale air quality model for complex terrain. Volume 2. Appendices

This final report is submitted as part of the Green River Ambient Model Assessment (GRAMA) project conducted at the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest Laboratory for the US Environmental Protection Agency. The GRAMA Program has, as its ultimate goal, the development of validated air quality models that can be applied to the complex terrain of the Green River Formation of western Colorado, eastern Utah and southern Wyoming. The Green River Formation is a geologic formation containing large reserves of oil shale, coal, and other natural resources. Development of these resources may lead to a degradation of the air quality of the region. Air quality models are needed immediately for planning and regulatory purposes to assess the magnitude of these regional impacts. This report documents one of the models being developed for this purpose within GRAMA - specifically a model to predict short averaging time (less than or equal to 24 h) pollutant concentrations resulting from the mesoscale transport of pollutant releases from multiple sources. MELSAR has not undergone any rigorous operational testing, sensitivity analyses, or validation studies. Testing and evaluation of the model are needed to gain a measure of confidence in the model's performance. This report consists of …
Date: April 1, 1985
Creator: Allwine, K. J. & Whiteman, C. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recovery of Tungsten from Searles Lake Brines by an Ion-Exchange Process (open access)

Recovery of Tungsten from Searles Lake Brines by an Ion-Exchange Process

From Introduction: "This bulletin updates and summarizes research recovering tungsten from Searles Lake brines, the largest known single domestic tungsten deposit."
Date: 1985
Creator: Altringer, Paulette B.; Marchant, W. N.; Dannenberg, R. O.; Jeffers, T. H.; Brooks, P. T.; Borrowman, S. R. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Women in the United States Congress (open access)

Women in the United States Congress

This report identifies women who have served as U.S. Senators or Representatives. It notes their party affiliation, the States they have represented, the dates of their appointment or election, the length of their service, their committee assignments, and their service in committee chairmanships.
Date: April 24, 1985
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
System: The UNT Digital Library