Title and Abstract in English, French and German, while paper is in English. The use of manganese as a colorant in ancient glasses has long been recognized and the recent X-ray diffraction measurements of Turner and Rooksby have established that compounds of antimony were used extensively as opacifiers in such glasses. The analysis at Brookhaven National Laboratory of some three hundred ancient western glasses of the second millennium B.C. through the first millennium A.D., of which more than two hundred contained either or both of these elements in sufficiently great concentrations to indicate deliberate additions, not only has provided confirmation of these observation but also evidence that both of these elements were used extensively to counteract discoloration due to iron in glasses intended to be clear and colorless. As is well known in the case of manganese the different behavior of antimony in different glasses appears to depend upon its chemical valence. The technique of decolorizing glass by means of antimony was introduced at about the seventh century B.C. and the similar use of manganese became widespread during the first century A.D. In the following period through the fourth century the alternate or combined use of these decolorants forms an …

Fourteen papers were presented; each has been abstracted and indexed individually for ERA/EDB. (JGB)

The functioning of an active sub-slab ventilation system (SVS) has been studied successfully with the help of a previously evaluated numerical model. The parameters explored are the permeability of the sub-slab and the gravel placed beneath it, the amplitude of applied pressure at the installation point of the system and the functioning method: depressurization or pressurization. The mechanisms contributing to the success of the two systems are identified. This numerical study shows that the presence of a layer of gravel beneath the sub-slab considerably improves the performance of the SVS. Considered separately from the extremely permeable sub-slabs, the depressurization systems perform better than the pressurization systems. 17 refs. [Francais] Le fonctionnement des Systemes de Ventilation active du Sol (SVS) a ete etudie a l`aide d`un outil numerique precedemment evalue avec succes. Les parametres explores sont les permeabilites du sol et du gravier place sous plancher bas, l`amplitude de la pression appliquee au point d`installation du systeme, et le mode de fonctionnement: Depressurisation ou Pressurisation. Les mecanismes contribuant au succes des deux systemes sont identifies. Cette etude numerique montre que la presence d`une couche de gravier sous plancher bas ameliore de facon considerable les performances des SVS. Mis a part le …

The top quark has been discovered by CDF and D0 experiments in 1995 at the proton-antiproton collider Tevatron. The amount of data recorded by both experiments makes it possible to accurately study the properties of this quark: its mass is now known to better than 1% accuracy. This thesis describes the measurement of the top pair cross section in the electron muon channel with 4, 3 fb^-1 recorded data between 2006 and 2009 by the D0 experiment. Since the final state included a muon, improvements of some aspects of its identification have been performed : a study of the contamination of the cosmic muons and a study of the quality of the muon tracks. The cross section measurement is in good agreement with the theoretical calculations and the other experimental measurements. This measurement has been used to extract a value for the top quark mass. This method allows for the extraction of a better defined top mass than direct measurements as it depends less on Monte Carlo simulations. The uncertainty on this extracted mass, dominated by the experimental one, is however larger than for direct measurements. In order to decrease this uncertainty, the ratio of the Z boson and …

The authors present the study of the charm-pair correlations produced in photon-nucleon interactions at <E{sub {gamma}}> = 175 GeV/c, by the Fermilab fixed target experiment E831/FOCUS. The E831/FOCUS experiment produced and reconstructed over one million charm particles. This high statistics allows the reconstruction of more than 7000 charm-pair mesons D{bar D}, 10 times the statistic of former experiments, and also allows to get, for the first time, about 600 totally reconstructed charm-pairs in the DD{sub s} and D{Lambda}{sub c} channels. They were able to study, with some detail, the kinematical correlations between the charm and anticharm particle forming a pair, in the square transverse momentum (p{sub T}{sup 2}), azimuthal angle difference ({Delta}{phi}), rapidity difference ({Delta}y) and the charm-pair mass variables. They observe some correlation for the longitudinal momenta, and a significant correlation for the transverse momenta of the charm and anticharm particles. They compare the experimental distributions with theoretical predictions based on the photon-gluon fusion model (PGF), for the production of c{bar c} quarks, and the standard Lund hadronization model. These models are implemented by the PYTHIA Monte Carlo event generator. The PYTHIA program allows the inclusion, in the simulation, of non-perturbative effects that have been shown to be important …

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The top quark has been discovered in 1995 by CDF and D0 collaborations in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron. The amount of data recorded by both experiments makes it possible to accurately measure the properties of this very massive quark. This thesis is devoted to the measurement of the top pair production cross-section via the strong interaction, in a final state composed of two electrons, two particle jets and missing transverse energy. It is based on a 1 fb{sup -1} data set collected by the D0 experiment between 2002 and 2006. The reconstruction and identification of electrons and jets is of major importance in this analysis, and have been studied in events where a Z boson is produced together with one or more jets. The Z+jets process is indeed the dominant physics background to top pair production in the dielectron final state. The primary goal of this cross-section measurement is to verify Standard Model predictions. In this document, this result is also interpreted to indirectly extract the top quark mass. Moreover, the cross-section measurement is sensitive to new physics such as the existence of a charged Higgs boson. The selection established for the cross-section analysis has been used to search …

The authors report the results of a study of the exclusive charmless semileptonic decay, B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup -}{ell}{sup +}{nu}, undertaken with approximately 227 million B{bar B} pairs collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector. The analysis uses events in which the signal B decays are reconstructed with an innovative loose neutrino reconstruction technique. They obtain partial branching fractions in 12 bins of q{sup 2}, the momentum transfer squared, from which they extract the f{sub +}(q{sup 2}) form-factor shape and the total branching fraction {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup -}{ell}{sup +}{nu}) = (1.46 {+-} 0.07{sub stat} {+-} 0.08{sub syst}) x 10{sup -4}. Based on a recent unquenched lattice QCD calculation of the form factor in the range q{sup 2} > 16 GeV{sup 2}/c{sup 4}, they find the magnitude of the CKM matrix element |V{sub ub}| to be (4.1 {+-} 0.2{sub stat} {+-} 0.2{sub syst{sub -0.4}{sup +0.6}FF}) x 10{sup -3}, where the last uncertainty is due to the normalization of the form factor.

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This thesis presents the full-angular time-dependent analysis of the vector-vector channel B{sub d}{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}(K{sub S}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})*{sup 0}. After a review of the CP violation in the B meson system, the phenomenology of the charmonium-K*(892) channels is exposed. The method for the measurement of the transversity amplitudes of the B {yields} J/{psi}K*(892), based on a pseudo-likelihood method, is then exposed. The results from a 81.9 fb{sup -1} of collected data by the BABAR detector at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance peak are |A{sub 0}|{sup 2} = 0.565 {+-} 0.011 {+-} 0.004, |A{sub {parallel}}|{sup 2} = 0.206 {+-} 0.016 {+-} 0.007, |A{sub {perpendicular}}|{sup 2} = 0.228 {+-} 0.016 {+-} 0.007, {delta}{sub {parallel}} = -2.766 {+-} 0.105 {+-} 0.040 and {delta}{sub {perpendicular}} = 2.935 {+-} 0.067 {+-} 0.040. Note that ({delta}{sub {parallel}}, {delta}{sub {perpendicular}}) {yields} (-{delta}{sub {parallel}}, {pi} - {delta}{sub {perpendicular}}) is also a solution. The strong phases {delta}{sub {parallel}} and {delta}{sub {perpendicular}} are at {approx}> 3{sigma} from {+-}{pi}, signing the presence of final state interactions and the breakdown of the factorization hypothesis. The forward-backward analysis of the K{pi} mass spectrum revealed the presence of a coherent S-wave interfering with the K*(892). It is the first evidence of this wave in the …

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The Clean Energy Solutions Center, an initiative of the Clean Energy Ministerial and UN-Energy, helps governments design and adopt policies and programs that support the deployment of transformational low-carbon technologies. The Solutions Center serves as a first-stop clearinghouse of clean energy policy reports, data, and tools and provides expert assistance and peer-to-peer learning forums. This factsheet highlights key Solutions Center offerings, including 'ask an expert' assistance on clean energy policy matters, training and peer learning, and technical resources for policy makers worldwide.

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the Food and Agriculture Organization's audit, management, and governance; (2) fighting corruption and fraud; (3) INTOSAI's conference on internal controls; (4) Romania's Court of Audit; (5) reports in print on auditing; and (6) activities inside INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) changes in international auditing personnel; (2) audit planning; (3) implementing guidelines for INTOSAI auditing standards; (4) recognizing fraud indicators; (5) the Royal Audit Authority of Bhutan; (6) reports in print on auditing; and (7) activities inside INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the Journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles concerning (1) auditing in the South Pacific, (2) new training infrastructure in the Asian Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions, (3) national responsibilities and and international activities of selected Supreme Audit Institutions, (4) the office of the Auditor General of Mexico, (5) reports in print, and (6) activities within INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This is the French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) issues concerning auditing in the new century as discussed at the 17th Commonwealth Auditors-General Conference held in Sun City, South Africa in October 1999; (2) efforts to encourage public health services, public works, and technical assistance at the Organization of African Supreme Audit Institutions' 8th General Assembly held in Burkina Faso in October 1999; (3) discussions held by the Organization of Latin American and Caribbean Supreme Audit Institutions' 9th General Assembly in Paraguay; (4) an audit profile on Sierra Leone; and (5) activities within INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the European Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions' examination of issues related to the independence of national audit offices; (2) the Dutch government's search for a new form of accountability; (3) the preparedness of Zimbabwe's government for the fiscal year 2000; (4) audit profiles of St. Kitts and Nevis; (5) reports in print on auditing; and (6) activities inside INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the XVI International Congress of Supreme Audit Institutions in Montevideo from November 7-14, 1998; (2) supreme audit institutions and the prevention and detection of fraud and corruption; (3) improving public governance through the work of supreme audit institutions and INTOSAI's standing committees and working groups; (4) a meeting of seven regional working groups and their report to Congress; (5) the INTOSAI Development Initiative and the transition of the Secretariat to Norway; and (6) activities within INTOSAI."

Report issued by the Bureau of Standards over new determinations made in regard to units of electricity. Methods and equipment used are discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs. Part 1 includes sections I through VI.

French soldiers of World War I march on the ground through the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. From the clouds, a crowd of soldiers from past wars descend to join them. The figure of Bellona (the Roman goddess of war) of the "Marseillaise" sculpture on the arch appears to urge the soldiers on to battle.

In the forefront is a drawing of a drummer boy marching with a look of surprise on his face. Hovering above and behind him is a female figure in a long dress. In the background are soldiers carrying tattered flags.

Lithograph, of a black and white drawing of a cock and an eagle preparing to fight. The eagle wears a crown. The French cock appears to be standing over a miniature town. The imperial eagle is representative of the Central Powers and the Gallic cock is a symbol of France. The poster is bordered with a blue, white, and red stripe.

Illustration of Cardinal Mercier in a gold cape and mitre (headdress). He holds a staff in his left hand. A fallen man is slumped over at his feet and there is a crowd of people behind him, most of whom appear to be women. The Cardinal is depicted in color and the other people are depicted in black & white.

A bearded man in a blue coat and helmet holds a young child in his arms. In front of him, a mother is seated and breastfeeding an infant. The man and child are illustrated in color, while the image of the mother and infant is a black pencil drawing.