This article investigates age-related changes in Ginkgo biloba trees to learn more about the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying their longevity. The results revealed that long-lived trees have evolved compensatory mechanisms to maintain a balance between growth and aging processes.

This article describes a new methodology for monitoring sucrose labeling using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To date, the most commonly used method to monitor sucrose labeling is by nuclear magnetic resonance, which requires substantial amounts of biological sample.

Data management plan for the grant, "Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases and Chemical Communication in Plants." Research seeking to understand how an evolutionarily-conserved group of plant enzymes utilizes chemical signals to regulate growth and to influence their microbial environment. Specific research aims include the discovery of new enzymes and their substrate molecules that act as communication signals. Broader applications of this research may offer new strategies to enhance agricultural outputs by manipulating plant-microbe interactions in crop and soil systems.

Data management plan for the grant "IRES Track II - Cape Horn ASIs: Climate change and disease ecology at the southern end of the Americas." Research giving students the opportunity to be trained in quantitative experimental design and work as part of a multinational research collaboration to study infectious disease emergence in one of the few remaining pristine places on Earth. The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) off the southern tip of South America protects pristine ecosystem is perfect for this type of graduate student training. The CHBR is part of the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion, which is globally significant because it houses the worlds southernmost forest biome, contains numerous endemic species, is remote, and is relatively free of anthropogenic impacts. The research questions themselves will be flexible, but organized thematically. Specifically, this IRES Track-II will focus on the merging molecular genetic analysis using a mobile next generation sequencing lab with mist netting and arthropod trapping to investigate the impacts of wildlife disease on local biodiversity and community structure. Secondarily, eDNA and traditional wildlife disease monitoring approaches will be applied to understand the potential for zoonosis and understanding ecological factors that contribute to, or inhibit, zoonosis. Resultantly, participation in this program …

Article studying thrombocyte function and development in adult zebrafish. The authors performed single-cell RNA sequencing of the young and mature zebrafish thrombocytes and compared the two datasets for young and mature thrombocyte transcripts.

Data management plan for the grant, "Collaborative Research: PIC: Slow Wave Enhanced Electrooptically Tuned Michelson Interferometer Biosensor for On-Chip Polarization Interferometry."

Data management plan for the grant, "Low-Energy Atomic Processes Including Ones Involving a Positron." The proposed research in theoretical atomic physics involves few-body systems of charged particles, especially ones that involve the antiparticle of the electron, which is a positron. One of these systems is the positronium negative ion, which is comprised of two electrons and a positron. The exotic positronium atom is similar to the conventional hydrogen atom, but the positive charge in the atom is a positron rather than a proton. The proposed studies of these few-body charged systems will support international collaborations with scientists in the UK and Japan.

Data management plan for the grant, "Development of advanced biocatalyst tools and resources to enable biogas-based biomanufacturing."

This article develops a method, using a single DNA construct that uses CRISPR–Cas9 gene editing to knock-out expression of an endogenous gene of lignin monomer biosynthesis while at the same time expressing a modified version of the gene’s open reading frame that escapes cutting by the Cas9 system and complements the introduced mutation in a tissue-specific manner. This method is applicable to any plant species in which transformation and gene editing are feasible and validated vessel-specific promoters are available.

This article developed a modified, rapid higher throughput thioacidolysis method to analyze both lignin monomeric composition and tricin content in the lignin polymer. The results demonstrate that the modified method can be used for rapid, high-throughput, and reliable lignin composition and tricin content analyses for screening transgenic plants for cell wall modifications or in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

This article describes the recent re-design of the code and the new features and improvements in performance of PAOFLOW, a software tool that constructs tight-binding Hamiltonians from self-consistent electronic wavefunctions by projecting onto a set of atomic orbitals.

Article reporting a nanofluidic membrane based on an ionic covalent organic framework (COF) that is capable of intelligently monitoring temperature variations and expressing it in the form of continuous potential differences. This article pioneers a way to explore COFs for mimicking the sophisticated signaling system observed in the nature.

This article explores DNA methylation's role in the regulation of gene expression in reptiles. Results show that embryonic hypoxia programs DNA methylation and gene expression patterns and that these changes are associated with enhanced cardiac anoxia tolerance in snapping turtles later in life.

Article on deep-learning framework for edge intelligence EDL-EI (event-driven deep learning for edge intelligence). To verify the proposed framework, the authors include a case study of air-quality scenarios based for the most polluted cities in South Korea and China.

This article creates a green strategy to fabricate a highly crystalline olefin-linked pyrazine-based covalent organic framework (COF) with high robustness and porosity under solvent-free conditions. This study opens up new possibilities for the green synthesis of advanced materials and provides important guidance for the rational design and synthesis of polymeric materials for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell applications.

This article reports pyrazinacenes containing the dihydro-decaazapentacene and dihydro-octaazatetracene chromophores and compares their properties/functions as a model case at an oxidizing metal substrate.

This article simulates Antihydrogen formation involving magnetobound positronium by computing classical trajectories.

Data management plan for the grant, "Encapsulated perovskite in NiO nanotube for topological meta-photonic devices." Research studying meta-photonic devices with high absorption and topological photonic devices using encapsulated perovskites in NiO nanotubes. The goal is to achieve high-efficiency solar cells and electrically pumped laser in perovskite/NiO nanotubes patterned in the graded photonic super-crystal. The success of this project will lead to high-efficiency integrated lasers and solar cell devices. It also enhances the abilities in the education arena by enriching program offerings in nanotechnology, clean-energy, and photonics technology.

Article studying the king quail as an animal model to determine if chronic dietary exposure to crude oil in a parental population affects morpho-physiological phenotypic variables in their immediate offspring generation.

Article on the composition of the four cell wall fractions in diverse maize genotypes and to understand how this composition influences the resistance to pests, ethanol capacity and digestibility. Results evidence that there is no maize cell wall ideotype among the tested for optimal performance for various uses, and maize plants should be specifically bred for each particular application.

This article shows a connection between spin Hall effect and HOTIs using a combination of ab initio calculations and tight-binding modeling. The model demonstrates how a non-zero bulk midgap spin Hall conductivity (SHC) emerges within the HOTI phase. This work guides novel experimental and theoretical advances towards higher-order topological insulator realization and applications.

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Article exploring the association between second-hand smoke exposure, asthma, and asthma severity in children ages 6-17 as well as the effect of birth weight and prematurity (BWP) on parental smoking and asthma. Results indicate that focused asthma interventions in children should inquire about BWP status as well as parental smoking and household smoke exposure to reduce asthma morbidity and mortality.

Data management plan for the grant, "Collaborative Research: A Systematic and Comprehensive Study of Black Hole-Driven Turbulence in Massive Galactic Systems." This research team has developed a technique to measure gas turbulence in systems hosting giant central black holes and will directly evaluate the viability of this mechanism using a large sample of galaxies. This project will deliver a more complete view of the “feedback” provided by accreting SMBHs, leading to a better understanding of the black hole-host galaxy relation. More specifically, it will directly probe the energetics of the intra-cluster, circum-galactic, and interstellar media of massive early-type galaxies.