Megadrought and Megadeath in 16th Century Mexico (open access)

Megadrought and Megadeath in 16th Century Mexico

The native population collapse in 16th century Mexico was a demographic catastrophe with one of the highest death rates in history. Recently developed tree-ring evidence has allowed the levels of precipitation to be reconstructed for north central Mexico, adding to the growing body of epidemiologic evidence and indicating that the 1545 and 1576 epidemics of cocoliztli (Nahuatl for "pest") were indigenous hemorrhagic fevers transmitted by rodent hosts and aggravated by extreme drought conditions.
Date: 2002
Creator: Acuna-Soto, Rodolfo; Stahle, David W.; Cleaveland, Malcolm K. & Therrell, Matthew D.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Creating an Alaska Climate Impact Assessment Commission: Legislative Resolve Number 49 (open access)

Creating an Alaska Climate Impact Assessment Commission: Legislative Resolve Number 49

This legislation establishes a commission to assess the impact of climate change on the economy, population, and landscape of Alaska.
Date: 2006
Creator: Alaska. Legislature
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Highways of a Global Traveler: Tracking Tropospheric Ozone (open access)

Highways of a Global Traveler: Tracking Tropospheric Ozone

On the stage of global change, ozone plays the role of both hero and villain. This brief document discusses about the tracking of Tropospheric Ozone, where ozone forms and where it travels have become key concerns for international health and economic policy-making.
Date: March 22, 2002
Creator: Allen, Jeannie & Simmon, Robert
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Sustainable Sites Initiative: Guidelines and Performance Benchmarks (open access)

The Sustainable Sites Initiative: Guidelines and Performance Benchmarks

This guide describes how to develop a site in a way that does the least damage to the ecosystem, and provides maximum ecological benefits, including improved air quality, storm water treatment, and energy efficiency.
Date: 2009
Creator: American Society of Landscape Architects
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change and Insurance: An Agenda for Action in the United States (open access)

Climate Change and Insurance: An Agenda for Action in the United States

This report is the first report of its kind that attempts to overlay a detailed distillation of climate change science with U.S. insurance industry activities around climate change. This report aims to go beyond an investigation of only hurricanes to also address the implications for the U.S. insurance industry of other impacts of climate change including forest fires, floods, and storm surge (although storm surge is not commercially insured, this report describes how government insurance backstops interact intimately with commercial insurance products and with consumer perception of risk). The report finds that U.S. insurers are far ahead of many of their overseas counterparts in assessing current catastrophic (cat) risk through sophisticated cat risk modeling that is based on historical weather events; however, U.S. insurers appear to lag behind their European peers who have begun to conduct studies of climate change and are beginning, though slowly, to incorporate future climate change scenarios into cat risk models, particularly for flooding.
Date: October 2006
Creator: Anderson, Miranda; Dobardzic, Saliha & Gardiner, David
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Economics of Climate Change in Southeast Asia: A Regional Review (open access)

The Economics of Climate Change in Southeast Asia: A Regional Review

The study examines climate change issues in Southeast Asia, with a particular focus on Indonesia,Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.The study is intended to enrich the debate on the economics of climate change that includes the economic costs and benefits of unilateral and regional actions. It seeks to raise awareness among stakeholders of the urgency of the grave challenges facing the region, and to build consensus of the governments, business sectors, and civil society on the need for incorporating daptation and mitigation measures into national development planning processes.
Date: April 1, 2009
Creator: Asian Development Bank
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Policy Issues In Implementing Effective Application Of Weather Services To The Management Of The Nation's Highway System: Position Papers (open access)

Policy Issues In Implementing Effective Application Of Weather Services To The Management Of The Nation's Highway System: Position Papers

This document contains positions papers of a policy forum for weather and highways developed by the Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society in coordination with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) with additional support from the National Science Foundation (NSF). In this document (Panel 3), panelists discuss policy issues affecting the use of weather information in managing the U.S. Highway System.
Date: November 4, 2003
Creator: Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Present And Near-Term Potential In Applying Weather Information To Improve The Highway System: Position Papers (open access)

Present And Near-Term Potential In Applying Weather Information To Improve The Highway System: Position Papers

This document contains positions papers of a policy forum for weather and highways developed by the Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society in coordination with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) with additional support from the National Science Foundation (NSF). In this document (Panel 1), panelists describe proposals to improve the U.S. Highway System with weather information.
Date: November 4, 2004
Creator: Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Public (Federal, State, Local) And Industrial Development Of Strategies And Plans To Effectively Respond To Weather Information: Position Papers (open access)

Public (Federal, State, Local) And Industrial Development Of Strategies And Plans To Effectively Respond To Weather Information: Position Papers

This document contains positions papers of a policy forum for weather and highways developed by the Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society in coordination with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) with additional support from the National Science Foundation (NSF). In this document (Panel 2), panelists discuss strategies to respond to weather and climate information. There are many opportunities to improve the highway system through an inclusive approach, taking into account the strengths of the research community, the private sector and the state and federal practitioners. As a first step, the weather community must better understand the mission and expectations of the highway manager and the highway manager must be able to understand the limitations and near term improvements of the weather community.
Date: November 4, 2003
Creator: Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Weather and Highways: Report of a Policy Forum (open access)

Weather and Highways: Report of a Policy Forum

This report of a policy forum on "Weather and Highways" presents recommendations that, if implemented, could offer considerable benefits to the safety of the nation's traveling public and the national economy by supporting the effective application of weather information services to the operation of our road systems. The AMS Atmospheric Policy Program developed this forum to address the issues connected with effective use of road weather information. The participants included nearly 100 public, private, and academic representatives of weather information providers; transportation managers and users; and policy makers knowledgeable about the nation's highway system.
Date: 2004
Creator: Atmospheric Policy Program American Meteorological Society
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Montana Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reference Case Projections 1990-2020 (open access)

Montana Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reference Case Projections 1990-2020

The Center for Climate Strategies (CCS) prepared this report under contract to the Montana Department of Environment Quality (MDEQ). The report contains an inventory and forecast of the state’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 1990 to 2020.
Date: September 2007
Creator: Bailie, Alison
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Path to Carbon Dioxide-Free Power: Switching to Clean Energy in the Utility Sector (open access)

The Path to Carbon Dioxide-Free Power: Switching to Clean Energy in the Utility Sector

This report examines the policies and measures needed to accelerate the use of those technologies and dramatically reduce U.S. heat-trapping gas emissions by 2020. The goal is to set the nation on the path to achieving zero-carbon electricity by mid-century.
Date: August 2003
Creator: Bailie, Alison; Bernow, Stephen; Castelli, Brian; O’Connor, Pete; Romm, Joseph & Tellus Institute & The Center for Energy and Climate Solutions April
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The American Way to the Kyoto Protocol: an Economic Analysis to Reduce Carbon Pollution. A Study for World Wildlife Fund (open access)

The American Way to the Kyoto Protocol: an Economic Analysis to Reduce Carbon Pollution. A Study for World Wildlife Fund

This report presents a study of policies and measures that could dramatically reduce US greenhouse gas emissions over the next two decades. It examines a broad set of national policies to increase energy efficiency, accelerate the adoption of renewable energy technologies, and shift energy use to less carbon-intensive fuels. The policies address major areas of energy use in residential and commercial buildings, industrial facilities, transportation, and power generation.
Date: July 2001
Creator: Bailie, Alison; Bernow, Stephen; Dougherty, William; Lazarus, Michael & Kartha, Sivan
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Energy: Jobs for America’s Future (open access)

Clean Energy: Jobs for America’s Future

This study analyzes the employment, macroeconomic, energy and environmental impacts of implementing the Climate Protection Scenario.
Date: October 2010
Creator: Bailie, Alison; Bernow, Stephen; Dougherty, William; Lazarus, Michael; Kartha, Sivan & Goldberg, Marshall
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change and Water: Technical Paper VI (open access)

Climate Change and Water: Technical Paper VI

The Technical Paper addresses the issue of freshwater. Sea level rise is dealt with only insofar as it can lead to impacts on freshwater in coastal areas and beyond. Climate, freshwater, biophysical and socio-economic systems are interconnected in complex ways. Hence, a change in any one of these can induce a change in any other. Freshwater-related issues are critical in determining key regional and sectoral vulnerabilities. Therefore, the relationship between climate change and freshwater resources is of primary concern to human society and also has implications for all living species.
Date: 2008
Creator: Bates, Bryson; Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.; Wu, Shaohong & Palutikof, Jean
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Change and Mountain Regions:  The Mountain Research Initiative (open access)

Global Change and Mountain Regions: The Mountain Research Initiative

The strong altitudinal gradients in mountain regions provide unique and sometimes the best opportunities to detect and analyse global change processes and phenomena. Meteorological, hydrological, cryospheric and ecological conditions change strongly over relatively short distances; thus biodiversity tends to be high, and characteristic sequences of ecosystems and cryospheric systems are found along mountain slopes. The boundaries between these systems experience shifts due to environmental change and thus may be used as indicators of such changes. The higher parts of many mountain ranges are not affected by direct human activities. These areas include many national parks and other protected environments. They may serve as locations where the environmental impacts of climate change alone, including changes in atmospheric chemistry, can be studied directly. Mountain regions are distributed all over the globe, from the Equator almost to the poles and from oceanic to highly continental climates. This global distribution allows us to perform comparative regional studies and to analyse the regional differentiation of environmental change processes as characterised above. Therefore, within the IGBP an Initiative for Collaborative Research on Global Change and Mountain Regions was developed, which strives to achieve an integrated approach for observing, modelling and investigating global change phenomena and processes …
Date: 2001
Creator: Bekcer, Alfred & Bugmann, Harald
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Decision-Support Experiments and Evaluations using Seasonal-to-Interannual Forecasts and Observational Data: A Focus on Water Resources (open access)

Decision-Support Experiments and Evaluations using Seasonal-to-Interannual Forecasts and Observational Data: A Focus on Water Resources

This Synthesis and Assessment Product focuses on the connection between the scientific ability to predict climate on seasonal scales and the opportunity to incorporate such understanding into water resource management decisions. It directly addresses decision support experiments and evaluations that have used seasonal-to-interannual forecasts and observational data, and is expected to inform (1) decision makers about the relative success of experiences of others who have experimented with these forecasts and data in resource management; (2) climatologists, hydrologists, and social scientists on how to advance the delivery of decision-support resources that use the most recent forecast products, methodologies, and tools; and (3) science and resource managers as they plan for future investments in research related to forecasts and their role in decision support. It is important to note, however, that while the focus of this Product is on the water resources management sector, the findings within this Synthesis and Assessment Product may be directly transferred to other sectors.
Date: January 2009
Creator: Beller-Simms, Nancy; Ingram, Helen; Feldman, David; Mantua, Nathan; Jacobs, Katharine L. & Waple, Anne M.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas' Global Warming Solutions: A Study for World Wildlife Fund (open access)

Texas' Global Warming Solutions: A Study for World Wildlife Fund

This report outlined and evaluated a plan through which the United States could reduce its annual carbon-dioxide emissions by about 654 million metric tons of carbon (MtC) by 2010, 36 percent below businesses-usual projections for that year. This brings 2010 emissions to 14 percent below 1990 emissions, thereby exceeding the reductions required under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The study also found that these reductions could be obtained with net economic savings, almost 900,000 net additional jobs, and significant decreases in pollutant emissions that damage the environment, and are harmful to human health, especially of children and elderly.
Date: February 2000
Creator: Bernow, Stephen; Dougherty, William; Dunbar & Goldberg, Marshall
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
New England's Global Warming Solutions: A Study for World Wild life Fund (open access)

New England's Global Warming Solutions: A Study for World Wild life Fund

This report presents a detailed analysis of the energy impacts, carbon and pollutant emissions reductions, and economic benefits in New England of the national policies and measures analyzed in America’s Global Warming Solutions. That study indicated that the region would reap about one sixth of the net national employment created. As two years have passed since that study was begun, time has been lost for pursuing and implementing the policies and measures evaluated along the same temporal path. Now, achieving such benefits by 2010 would require an even more aggressive set and schedule of policies, or else the benefits would occur somewhat later in time. Nonetheless, these results show that a truly aggressive national policy commitment to the problem of climate change could achieve large near-term carbon emissions reductions along with environmental and economic gains.
Date: August 2000
Creator: Bernow, Stephen; Dougherty, William; Page, Tom; Dunbar, Jana & Goldberg, Marshall
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Forests and Emissions: A contribution to the Eliasch Review (open access)

Forests and Emissions: A contribution to the Eliasch Review

This report discusses the impacts of deforestation and reforestation on carbon emissions and carbon storage, and how change in land cover will affect future trends in climate change and carbon levels.
Date: July 9, 2008
Creator: Betts, Richard; Gornall, Jemma; Hughes, John; Kaye, Neil; McNeall, Doug & Wiltshire, Andy
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
China in the International Politics of Climate Change: A Foreign Policy Analysis (open access)

China in the International Politics of Climate Change: A Foreign Policy Analysis

This report looks into the developments in China’s political response to the threat of climate change from the late 1980s when the problem emerged on the international political agenda, until 2004. Three theoretically based explanatory models are employed to identify the factors that have influenced Chinese foreign policy-making on climate change in the past, and furthermore how these factors are likely to influence China’s future climate change policy. The three models emphasize respectively: national interests in terms of costs and benefits; domestic political bargaining; and learning through diffusion of knowledge and norms.
Date: December 2005
Creator: Bjørkum, Ida
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recent Greenhouse Gas Concentrations (open access)

Recent Greenhouse Gas Concentrations

Gases typically measured in parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb) or parts per trillion (ppt) by volume are presented separately to facilitate comparison of numbers.
Date: July 2009
Creator: Blasing, T.J.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Antarctic fact-file (open access)

Antarctic fact-file

Antarctica is a continent for science. All countries working in Antarctica carry out scientific research, in a surprising range of physical and biological sciences, from the vastness of space to the minute scale of micro-organisms. Activities are regulated by the Antarctic Treaty, which has been in force since 1959 and is signed by all countries operating there. The Treaty reserves the continent for peaceful purposes, and all military and industrial activities are banned.
Date: 2003
Creator: British Antactic Survey
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate change (open access)

Climate change

The Earth's climate has not been constant over geological time. This record is contained in ice, which has built up as snowfall accumulated in distinct yearly layers. Pockets of air trapped between the snow crystals contain traces of past atmospheres, which in turn tell us about the climate at the time the snow formed. Glaciologists collect this record by drilling ice cores and then use sensitive chemical techniques to analyse the layers.
Date: 2003
Creator: British Antactic Survey
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library