Interactions of the EU ETS with Green And White Certificate Schemes: European Commission Directorate-General Environment (open access)

Interactions of the EU ETS with Green And White Certificate Schemes: European Commission Directorate-General Environment

The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme ('EU ETS') began on 1 January 2005. The implementation of the EU ETS has raised interest in market-based approaches to achieving environmental and related public policy goals in the EU, particularly those related to promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency. Indeed, national and regional markets in tradable green certificates ('TGCs') and (to a lesser extent) tradable white certificates ('TWCs') already exist. Green certificate schemes are established or proposed in a number of Member States (e.g., Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK) and form part of a growing portfolio of measures to achieve the renewable targets outlined in Directive 2001/77/EC. White certificate schemes are considerably less widespread, although schemes have been established in Italy and the UK and further activity may be stimulated by the Commission proposal on energy services (COM(2003)739). Both the renewables Directive and the energy services proposal envisage the possible evolution and harmonisation of these instruments into EU-wide certificate schemes. This study has two major objectives: -1. Analyse interactions among EU ETS and green/white certificate markets. The first major objective is to describe the interactions between green and white certificate programmes and the EU …
Date: November 17, 2005
Creator: NERA Economic Consulting
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
UNDP Briefing Note on Adaptation to Climate Change: Doing Development Differently (open access)

UNDP Briefing Note on Adaptation to Climate Change: Doing Development Differently

The document outlines UNDP's adaptation services and UNDP-GEF's adaptation portfolio that comprises 21 national, regional and global projects taking place in 45 countries.
Date: August 2010
Creator: United Nations Development Programme
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Florida's Global Warming Solutions: A Study for: World Wildlife Fund (open access)

Florida's Global Warming Solutions: A Study for: World Wildlife Fund

This report assesses how the set of national actions presented in America’s Global Warming Solutions would affect Florida’s energy systems, carbon emissions and economy. This study finds that by 2010, the set of national actions to reduce global warming would decrease Florida’s primary energy use by 26 percent and its carbon emissions by 36 percent. They would also provide increasing annual savings reaching about $300 per-capita in 2010 and averaging about $110 per-capita per year between now and 2010. Thus, the State would cumulatively save about $17 billion over that period. The set of national actions would also create approximately 39,000 net additional jobs in Florida by 2010. They would reduce emissions of other pollutants and begin to shift the basis of the State’s economy towards more advanced, energy-efficient technologies and cleaner resources. The table below summarizes these results.
Date: November 1999
Creator: Bernow, Stephen; Cory, Karlynn; Dougherty, William; Kartha, Sivan; Duckworth, Max; Ruth, Michael et al.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Leveraging the Landscape (open access)

Leveraging the Landscape

Over the last three years, projects that address the relationships between carbon and forests have moved from the sidelines of international climate action to center field. Forestry’s recent advancements are the product of decades of ongoing collaboration among market and environmental experts seeking to strike an ideal balance between forestry projects’ market risks and shared benefits. Market dynamics in 2011 demonstrated that these efforts have never been more pivotal, or complex, as forest carbon projects mature – and find themselves positioned squarely in the midst of some of today’s most challenging policy debates. This year, a record number of forest project developers and secondary market suppliers from around the world shared data about their projects and transactions. This third annual State of the Forest Carbon Markets tracks, reports, and analyzes trends in these responses. This information is primarily based on data collected from respondents to Ecosystem Marketplace’s 2011 forest carbon project developer’s survey, combined with data from the 2012 State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets report. The data and analysis that follow cover forest carbon activity in compliance carbon markets – including the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS), the New South …
Date: November 2012
Creator: Peters-Stanley, Molly; Hamilton, Katherine & Yin, Daphne
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Major Tipping Points in Earth’s Climate System and Consequences for the Insurance Sector Summary (open access)

Major Tipping Points in Earth’s Climate System and Consequences for the Insurance Sector Summary

The focus of climate change mitigation policy to date has been on "preventing dangerous anthropogenic interference with Earth's climate system". There is no global agreement or scientific consensus for delineating ‘dangerous’ from ‘acceptable’ climate change but limiting global average temperature rise to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels has emerged as a focus for international and national policymakers.
Date: October 2010
Creator: World Wild Fund
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Montana Climate Change Action Plan: Final Report of the Governor’s Climate Change Advisory Committee (open access)

Montana Climate Change Action Plan: Final Report of the Governor’s Climate Change Advisory Committee

Report of the Governor’s Climate Change Advisory Committee, managed by the Montana Department of Environmental Quality and facilitated by the Center for Climate Strategies. It provides 54 policy recommendations help reduce the state’s emissions of green house gases to 1990 levels by the year 2020. Most will have additional benefits, including reduced reliance on imported fossil fuels, reduction in air pollution, increased opportunity for Montana agriculture to provide renewable fuels, healthier forests, and the opportunity for the state to be a leader in developing new technologies.
Date: November 2007
Creator: Montana.Governor's Climate Change Advisory Committee
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Low Carbon Shipping, Transport & Market Incentive Programs (open access)

Low Carbon Shipping, Transport & Market Incentive Programs

The carbon labeling project presents methods to promote biodiesel use, disseminate information on the potential carbon efficiency of biofuels and promote the concept of carbon labeling. This guide is aimed at policy makers and interested industry groups. It aims to evaluate the suitability of the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Smart Way Transport Partnership as a model for the EU to promote more efficiency and low carbon shipping of goods to market. It includes: a thorough description of the US EPA scheme and its objectives; carbon labeling initiatives in the UK (independent and national); a review of the strengths and weaknesses of the US EPA scheme with regards to its suitability for EU transport policy; the different EU transport system and pilot programmes; and suggestions for freight and multi-sector low carbon transport programmes in the EU. This useful guide enables decision makers to develop a road map on how best to provide incentives for implementing a low carbon shipping program in Europe.
Date: November 2007
Creator: Wason, Bill & van Thuijl, Elke
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Blueprint for Ocean And Coastal Sustainability: An Inter-Agency Report Towards the Preparation of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) (open access)

A Blueprint for Ocean And Coastal Sustainability: An Inter-Agency Report Towards the Preparation of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20)

"A Blueprint for Ocean and Coastal Sustainability", jointly prepared by UNDP’s Water & Ocean Governance Programme, IOC/UNESCO, FAO and IMO, contextualizes and sets forth a series of ten tangible proposals to shift the oceans management paradigm towards sustainability, and is intended to inform and influence possible Rio+20 outcomes on oceans.
Date: November 2011
Creator: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
1999 - 2000 Legislature: 1999 Senate Bill 287 (open access)

1999 - 2000 Legislature: 1999 Senate Bill 287

An Act making an appropriation for the state land disposal bank program; making an appropriation from the constitutional budget reserve fund under art. IX, sec. 17(c), Constitution of the State of Alaska; and providing for an effective date.
Date: November 1999
Creator: Senators Burke; Senators Cowles; Senators Clausing; Senators Rosenzweig; Senators Darling & Senators Roessler
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Global Implications, Executive Summary (open access)

Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Global Implications, Executive Summary

Executive summary describing research to evaluate environmental feedback related to climate change. The summary includes a breakdown of the key findings from each chapter of the report, with charts and maps illustrating statistics.
Date: November 2009
Creator: Sommerkorn, Martin & Hassol, Susan Joy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion: 1994 Assessment (open access)

Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion: 1994 Assessment

A change in the composition of the stratosphere becomes relevant to society only if it has noticeable effects. This places the assessment of effects in a pivotal role in the problem of ozone depletion. Decreases in the quantity of total-column ozone, as now observed in many places, tend to cause increased penetration of solar UV-B radiation (290-315 nm) to the Earth's surface. UV-B radiation is the most energetic component of sunlight reaching the surface. It has profound effects on human health, animals, plants, microorganisms, materials and on air quality. Thus any perturbation which leads to an increase in UV-B radiation demands careful consideration of the possible consequences. This is the topic of the present assessment made by the Panel on Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion.
Date: November 1994
Creator: United Nations Environment Programme
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Projections of Global Emissions of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases in 2050 (open access)

Projections of Global Emissions of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases in 2050

This is the result of a German study which underlines once more the urgent need for measures to reduce F-gas emissions. Global emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) will increase to 4 gigatonnes of CO2 equivalents by 2050 if no political mitigation measures are taken. The contribution of F-gases to global warming is projected to grow from 1.3% (2004) to 7.9% of total direct CO2 emissions.
Date: November 2009
Creator: Gschrey, Barbara; Schwarz, Winfried & Öko-Recherche
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Power Switch: Impacts of Climate Policy on the Global Power Sector (open access)

Power Switch: Impacts of Climate Policy on the Global Power Sector

This report assesses the financial consequences of climate change policy for 14 leading global power companies.
Date: November 2003
Creator: WWF Climate Change Programme
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Major Tipping Points in the Earth’s Climate System and Consequences for the Insurance Sector (open access)

Major Tipping Points in the Earth’s Climate System and Consequences for the Insurance Sector

A 2°C rise in temperature from pre-industrial levels has been widely regarded as a tipping point for planet earth. Major Tipping Points in Earth's Climate System and Consequences for the Insurance Sector argues instead that sudden volatile transformations in earth's climate will occur long before this 2°C threshold is reached.
Date: November 2009
Creator: Prof. Lenton, Tim; Footitt, Anthony & Dr. Andrew Dlugolecki, Andlug Consulting
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Florida’s Energy and Climate Change Action Plan: 2007 (open access)

Florida’s Energy and Climate Change Action Plan: 2007

This report provides findings and recommendations addressing 11 charges, framed by three principal energy challenges facing Florida: stimulate economic development, achieve energy security and address the effects of global climate change.
Date: November 2007
Creator: Governor’s Action Team on Energy and Climate Change
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library

Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Global Implications

Report describing sea-level rise and the associated flooding of coastal regions that may affect more than a quarter of the world’s population. It includes sections on atmospheric and ocean circulation feedbacks, ice sheets and sea-level rise feedbacks, marine and land carbon cycle feedbacks, and methane hydrate feedbacks.
Date: November 2009
Creator: Sommerkorn, Martin
Object Type: Musical Score/Notation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Unresolved Land Reform Debate: Beyond State-Led or Market-Led Models (open access)

The Unresolved Land Reform Debate: Beyond State-Led or Market-Led Models

In response to the problem of inequalities in the distribution of land, this Policy Research Brief points toward a land reform model that could both satisfy legitimate and urgent demands for social justice and develop an agrarian system that is economically viable. It draws primarily on a UNDP-ISS supported set of country studies and analytical papers.
Date: November 2006
Creator: Saturnino M. Borras Jr. & Terry McKinley
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reclaiming the Land Sustaining Livelihoods (open access)

Reclaiming the Land Sustaining Livelihoods

The brochure, part of UNDP/GEF's "Lessons for the Future" series, highlights examples of activities to combat land degradation. It focuses on "cross-cutting projects" that address land degradation but were primarily designed to deal with other environmental problems, and specific UNDP/GEF land degradation projects that seek to build capacity or foster SLM practices.
Date: November 2004
Creator: United Nations Development Programme
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Report : WHO/UNEP/ADB high-level meeting on health and environment in ASEAN and East Asian countries, 24-26 November 2004 (open access)

Report : WHO/UNEP/ADB high-level meeting on health and environment in ASEAN and East Asian countries, 24-26 November 2004

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Date: November 2004
Creator: Manila, Philippines
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Colorado Climate Action Plan: A Strategy To Address Global Warming (open access)

Colorado Climate Action Plan: A Strategy To Address Global Warming

The plan is considered a living document, and a first installment of what could become further refinements as additional initiatives are evaluated and new technologies unfold.
Date: November 2007
Creator: Governor Bill Ritter, Jr.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
From the Edge: Science to Support Restoration of Pacific Salmon (open access)

From the Edge: Science to Support Restoration of Pacific Salmon

According the preface, this report represents the scientific understanding of salmon and salmon declines in the year 2000. The report provides an overview of salmon population trends, and ways to aid in and measure recovery.
Date: November 2000
Creator: National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Committee on Environment and Natural Resources.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Science and Technology to Support Fresh Water Availability in the United States (open access)

Science and Technology to Support Fresh Water Availability in the United States

This report describes issues regarding water use, conservation, and management. Many parts of the United States are expected to face water shortages in the near future.
Date: November 2004
Creator: National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Committee on Environment and Natural Resources.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Assessment of Coastal Hypoxia and Eutrophication in U.S. Waters (open access)

An Assessment of Coastal Hypoxia and Eutrophication in U.S. Waters

This document is about hypoxia in aquatic ecosystems. Hypoxia is a depletion of oxygen caused by runoff, land cover change, and other factors associated with population growth and agriculture. The report discusses mitigation strategies and trends in managing this problem.
Date: November 2003
Creator: National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Air Quality Research Subcommittee.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effective Disaster Warnings - Report by the Working Group on Natural Disaster Information Systems Subcommittee on Natural Disaster Reduction (open access)

Effective Disaster Warnings - Report by the Working Group on Natural Disaster Information Systems Subcommittee on Natural Disaster Reduction

This report describes and recommends ways to improve alert systems in order to reduce loss of lives, property, and economic activity caused by natural and man-made disasters.
Date: November 2000
Creator: National Science and Technology Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Natural Disaster Reduction.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library