The primary purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the current and preferred extent of non-supervisory classified staff employees' participation in university decision-making in Nigeria, as viewed by Nigerian higher level university administrators; (2) to investigate their current level of satisfaction with participation, and (3) to investigate the future trend of their participation in university decision-making. A three-part questionnaire developed by Allen L. Christian at North Texas State University in 1980 was slightly modified and used in this study. The respondents were 19 higher level university administrators at six Nigerian universities. The data were analyzed using frequency, t-test for related samples, one-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe' procedure used to test all possible comparisons among the means of the independent variables.

The study seeks to determine the robustness and power of parametric analysis of covariance and analysis of covariance using rank transformation to violation of the assumption of normality. The study employs a Monte Carlo simulation procedure with varying conditions of population distribution, group size, equality of group size, scale length, regression slope, and Y-intercept. The procedure was performed on raw data and ranked data with untied ranks and tied ranks.

The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions held by junior high school principals, their spouses, and school counselors regarding occupational stressors of the junior high school principals in the State of Texas. The occupational stressors center around five areas of concern: (1) administrative constraints, (2) administrative responsibilities, (3) interpersonal relations, (4) intrapersonal conflicts, and (5) role expectations. A randomly selected sample of 300 junior high school principals were sent questionnaires for themselves, their spouses, and their school counselors. Descriptive statistical methods were employed to calculate means and standard deviations of the principals', spouses', and counselors' perceptions of the occupational stressors of the principals. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.

The problem with which this study is concerned is the determination of the attitudes toward academic governance of administrators and faculty in both a public and a private institution of higher education in Texas. Based on the problem, a Likert-type survey instrument was developed from the questionnaire provided by the North Texas State University Task Force on University Governance; 176 academic administrators and faculty responded (60.5 per cent).

This study surveys a sample of second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade teachers' proficiencies in three areas of standardized achievement test information—knowledge of standardized test terminology, interpretation of standardized tests, and application of standardized test results in program planning. A comparison is also made of teacher knowledge of standardized tests and public school administrators' expectations of teachers' skills. The purposes of the study were to determine elementary teachers' knowledge of standardized achievement test terminology, interpretation and application of test score information. This determination was made across the three variables, grade level taught, highest degree earned, and the number of years teaching experience.

Based on linear models, this study demonstrated that the psychological and social structures of the classroom, viewed as a naturalistic human system, impact learning outcomes. To operationalize learning outcomes, final grades in the course and a subject self report scale tapping perceptions of utility of material taught were used. The social and psychological structures of the classroom-as-a-human-system were operationalized through the following variables: the degree of social integration of each student, based on network analytic procedures; communication apprehension of students; dimensions of perceived credibility of instructors; dimensions of interpersonal attraction to instructors; perceived satisfaction with task demands of the course; and adjusted orientation to communication, based on communication apprehension scores and network data. Data were obtained from five sections of a multi-section communication course of a large state institution of higher learning in the southwestern region of the United States. Differences in sex were not found.

The problem with which this study is concerned was to analyze the reactions of faculty members and academic administrators toward the practices related to the improvement of instruction as they pertain to the role of department or division chairpersons. The hypotheses designed to serve the purposes of this study were related to supervision of instruction, methods and materials used for instruction, evaluation of the teaching performance of faculty members, participation of faculty members in administrative decisions, faculty members' professional development, and evaluation of the outcomes of instruction.

The purpose of this study is to compare the perceptions of two groups of student personnel administrators (chief student affairs officers or deans of students and directors of student activities) with respect to current and expected student activity fee policies and procedures in four-year public institutions of higher education in the United States. The comparison is based on the demographic variables of position held, number of years experience in student personnel administration, and geographical location of the institutions by region.

The purpose of this study was twofold. The first purpose was to identify and determine the degree of satisfaction experienced by selected groups of international students at North Texas State University in Denton, Texas. The second purpose was to analyze and interpret the data collected in relation to selected demographic variables. The following hypotheses were devised to guide the interpretation of the data findings. 1. There will be a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with university administration among the three selected groups of N.T.S.U. international students. 2. There will be a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with university faculty among the three selected groups of N.T.S.U. international students. 3. There will be a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with fellow students among the three selected groups of N.T.S.U. international students.

The problem of this study was to determine through a review of the literature the reliability and validity of using student, alumni and faculty perceptions of program quality as criteria in the evaluation of off-campus programs, developing data gathering instruments to obtain these perceptions, administering the instruments, and determining if there were significant differences in the ratings within and between the three groups.

The purposes of this study were to measure the knowledge and understanding of certain health concepts that are held by international students who attend a large multi-purpose university. The international students took Educational Testing Service's Cooperative Health Education Test (CHET), which was designed for junior high school students, and their mean responses were compared with the CHET ninthgrade national mean scores of American students on selected variables. In addition to demographic variables, the test variables used were consumer health, community health, international health, disease and disorders, personal health care, sex education, growth and development, nutrition, mental health, drug use and abuse, and safety and first aid. The ultimate purpose of the study was to discover the health area conceptions of international students for the use of teachers, curriculum planners, and program evaluators.

The problem with which this study is concerned is to determine and identify the factors associated with the choices Arab graduate students make when selecting their graduate school and major area of study at institutions of higher education in the United States. In addition, comparisons are made between the responses of Arab graduate students (1) who attend American private schools with those who attend American public schools and (2) those who are self-supported with those who are outside supported.

The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of determining the degree to which fiscal disparity in Texas school districts affects debt service, as well as maintenance and operation and local enrichment. This study has four main purposes: to determine whether the poor school districts are exerting more or less effort for debt service, maintenance and operation and total taxation than are the wealthy districts; to determine how the size of Texas school districts is related to district wealth; to determine the number of Texas school districts that do not levy a tax for debt service; and to provide information for persons interested in school finance matters—namely, legislators, educators, students of finance and lay citizens who may or may not be property taxpayers.

The problem with which this study is concerned is the methodology that is used to assess the relationship between student perceptions of the college environment and student attrition. The population of the study was 329 students from a metropolitan community college who took the Student Opinion Survey, a publication of the American College Testing Service. Data on course withdrawals and non-return in a subsequent long semester were collected for the student population. The data results were analyzed statistically using analyses of variance, Pearson product moment correlation, multiple regression analysis using step-wise procedures, and factor analysis. Data were considered statistically significant at the .05 level in relation to seven hypotheses on combinations of variables that include areas of student satisfaction with the college environment, student background data, course withdrawal, and non-return in a subsequent long semester.

The purpose of this study is to determine the applicability of western urban theories to African cities, especially to Lagos, Nigeria. The study surveys urban land use patterns, migration and migrants' adjustment in cities, social relationships in cities, and urban stratification. The investigation's thesis is that western urban theories in these four areas of urban ecology may not be entirely applicable to the study of African cities. Theories of land use patterns are discussed from the classical and the cultural, or voluntaristic, viewpoints; and the other three areas are examined from the perspective of broad western urban theories.

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effectiveness of individualized, non-individualized, and package cognitive intervention strategies on karate performance. Subjects were 43 male volunteer students enrolled in karate classes at North Texas State University. They were randomly assigned to one of five experimental groups including an individualized, non-individualized, package, placebo control, and control condition. The data were collected through performance evaluations which were administered during the fifth, tenth, and fifteenth weeks of classes. The physical performance evaluation consisted of dependent measures including skill, combinations, sparring, flexibility, and muscular endurance.

The problem of this study is faculty attrition and role strain reported by faculty members in baccalaureate and higher degree programs in nursing. The purpose of the study is to determine whether variations exist in role strain reported by faculty members and faculty attrition based on institutional size, structure, and complexity, and on official expectations for faculty members. A questionnaire eliciting information regarding faculty attrition was mailed to seventy-five randomly selected administrators of baccalaureate and higher degree programs. Data related to faculty role strain were collected by questionnaires mailed to two hundred fifty randomly-selected faculty members from participating schools. Sixty-three administrative questionnaires and one hundred ninety-five faculty questionnaires were returned in usable form and were included in the analysis of data.

This study investigated the relationship between maladaptive behavior, defined as referral to counseling, and the Adlerian construct of birth order. The birth order variables examined were ordinal position, sex of subject, family density, family size, socio-economic status, intactness of family, age of mother, and sex of sibling. The subjects in this study were 217 school-aged children with academic and/or behavior problems who were referred to an interdisciplinary guidance center. The subjects were assigned to counseling or no-counseling groups on the basis of an interdisciplinary evaluation and staffing, which included an extensive battery of academic and psychological tests.

This study provided administrators in a large southern metropolitan public school district an opportunity to participate in a stress-related research study. The questionnaire contained such stress-related probe areas as spiritual beliefs, preferred and imposed (perceived) orders of major-life emphasis areas, professional environment, personal-social environment, and probes into the ethical positions held by the administrators. The professional environment section contained subsets of internal (on-the-job) probes, external (political) probes, as well as personal (incentive) probes.The personal-social environment section was sub-divided into five Maslow hierarchy-of-need related probes such as physiological needs, safety-security needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-fulfillment needs. The final section of the instrument sampled the administrators' responses to probes concerning their concepts of God, their concepts of the Bible arid their positions on eight ethical statements.

The problem of this study was to determine the extent to which instructors perceived visual media as being valuable in achieving their classroom objectives in predominantly black, state-supported colleges and universities in the State of Louisiana. Questionnaires were mailed to 165 college and university instructors in colleges of education in predominantly black state-supported universities in Louisiana. Of the 165 questionnaires mailed, 139 were returned. All participants used in the study were teaching at least one course in education during the time the questionnaire was administered. The study is descriptive. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire, and analyzed by percentages, means, and standard deviations. One-way analysis of variance was used to test the differences in attitudes among the faculty members in the study. The level of significance was set at .05.

The purposes of this study were to determine the role expectations of academic counselors in vocational education as perceived by home economics cooperative education teachers and academic counselors, to compare the extent of agreement between these two groups, and to determine if selected demographic variables caused significant differences in perceptions of role expectations. This study surveyed randomly selected counselors and teachers by means of a questionnaire designed to ascertain role perceptions and to collect demographic data. The Likert-type scale instrument consisted of 46 items that were categorized into six areas of counseling tasks. A total of 45 teachers and 158 counselors returned usable questionnaires.

This study primarily attempts to (1) identify the specific adjustment problems anticipated by international students prior to departure from their home countries and those actually experienced while studying in America, (2) compare any significant, differences that may exist between problems as anticipated and as experienced in terms of levels of difficulty, and (3) investigate the discrepancy means between problems as anticipated and as experienced in relation to selected personal variables. The instrument used to gather the needed data is a questionnaire developed by the researcher. The initial questionnaire of 182 problem items was validated by a panel of experts and pretested on a small sample of international students. The revised questionnaire consists of two main sections; Section A contains fourteen items of demographic and personal data on the subjects, and Section B contains seventy-two items on problems that are purposely categorized into the eight related areas of student personnel services of (1) communication and language, (2) academic, (3) social-cultural, (4) psychological-personal, (5) financial, (6) health, (7) housing and food, and (8) international student advising.

The purpose of this study is to identify and compare the skills and knowledge areas that are valuable for success in broadcast advertising sales from the perspectives of broadcast managers and broadcast educators and to identify and compare to what degree recent graduates of broadcast-communication, business, and other majors perform or exhibit these skills and knowledge areas as perceived by selected broadcast managers and broadcast educators. The opinions of the broadcast managers and broadcast educators were determined from responses to a questionnaire of fifty-six items. The questionnaires were distributed to the chairs of the departments or areas responsible for broadcast curricula at forty-two four-year universities as listed by the 1983 Broadcasting-Cablecasting Yearbook [Sol Taishoff, editor, Washington, Broadcasting Magazine] as offering degrees in broadcasting, and 126 broadcast managers who were randomly selected from the broadcast markets in which the forty-two educational institutions are located.

The classroom communication behavior of preservice teacher education students was the focus of this research. The study was designed to provide descriptive and empirical data for teacher educators to use in designing preservice and in-service training in classroom communication. Additionally, an interdisciplinary focus on research from the fields of interpersonal and instructional communication as applied to teacher education was emphasized. The sample for the study included 30 secondary and 29 elementary preservice teacher education students. The sample was stratified on the basis of the level of communication apprehension. A total of 30 high level apprehensive and 29 low level apprehensives were identified. The Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-24 (PRCA-24) was administered as a pre-posttest measure. Scores from the Communicator Style Measure (CSM) were analyzed with the PRCA—24. University supervisors and public school cooperating teachers completed a modified version of the CSM on two separate observation occasions.