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584 Matching Results
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584
Stabilization of Different Lead Compounds in Portland Cement
This research investigated the chemistries and mechanisms involved in lead-cement systems through the study of a larger number of lead compounds.
Date:
August 1993
Creator:
Zhao, Baoshu (Baoshu Eric)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Syntheses and the Structures of Polymethylpolycyclic and Polycyclic "Cage" Molecules
The structures of Diels-Alder cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone and methylcyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone were assigned by analysis of 1-D and 2-D proton and carbon-13 NMR spectra. The structures of the cycloadduct of methylcyclopentadiene to 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone and that of the corresponding intramolecular [2+2] photocyclization product were also obtained by single crystal X-ray structural analysis. As the second part of the study, a new polycyclic "cage" molecule, a substituted trishomocubane isomer, was synthesized. In this synthesis, reductive bond cleavage followed by Dieckmann condensation was employed. Wolff-Kishner reduction then was used to convert a β-keto ester "cage" molecule to the corresponding carboxylic acid. A compound that possesses twofold symmetry was isolated from reaction product mixture. The structure of this compound has been established by single crystal X-ray crystallography.
Date:
May 1989
Creator:
Zhao, Dalian
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of Layered Double Hydroxides
This work concerns some synthetic processes and basic properties of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). A series of LDHs, a family of newly developed materials found to have many potential uses in industry, were investigated in relating to the origin of life on early Earth. In this work, I successfully intercalated some inorganic as well as organic species. Ammonium, accompanied with ferrocyanide ion, can enter the layered space. It was found there were two kin go f intercalated ferrocyanide species: one is that exchanged with anions and became a part of layered double hydroxide, while the other is suggested to be related to ammonium ferrocyanide neutral species. Formaldehyde, ethanolamine and formate can also be involved into LDHs. To improve the crystallinity, homogeneous precipitation method, which used Urea and Hexamine, was employed. The results reveal the success in the case by Urea but not in that by Hexamine. Annealing could also be used for this purpose. However, it needs to be preocessed in its mother liquor; no improvement on the crystallinity if the material has been washed before annealing.
Date:
August 1995
Creator:
Zhao, Jingxian
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The preparation and characterization of thermo-sensitive colored hydrogel film and surfactant-free porous polystyrene three-dimensional network.
Polymer hydrogel films change their properties in response to environmental change. This remarkable phenomenon results in many potential applications of polymer hydrogel films. In this thesis colored thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel film was prepared by firstly synthesizing polymer latex and secondarily crosslinking the nanoparticles and casting the polymers onto glass. The shape-memory effect has been observed when changing the environmental temperature. The temperature-dependent of turbidity of polymer hydrogel film was measured by HP UVVisible spectrophotometer. This intelligent hydrogel might be used in chemomechanical systems and separation devices as well as sensors. Polymer adsorption plays an important role in many products and processes. In this thesis, surfactant-free three-dimensional polystyrene (PS) nanoparticle network has been prepared. The infrared spectroscopy and solubility experiment are performed to prove the crosslinking mechanism, also the BET method was used to measure the adsorption and desorption of polystyrene network. The BET constant (C) is calculated (C=6.32). The chemically bonded polymer nanoparticle network might have potential applications as catalyst or used for chromatographic columns.
Date:
December 2001
Creator:
Zhou, Bo
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrodeposition of Molybdenum-Based Coatings from Aqueous Alkaline Solutions for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance
Zn-Mo coatings are very promising environment friendly anticorrosive coatings as replacement materials for cadmium and chromium (VI) based conversion layers. Electrodeposition has become a favorable technique in fabricating coatings due to its low cost, ease of use, and overall experimental control of coating quality. Very little research so far has been done for the electrodeposition of Zn-Mo coatings under alkaline conditions. In this work, Zn and Zn-Mo coatings were electrochemically deposited on stainless steel from an aqueous alkaline citrate solution. An organic compound, vanillin, was added to the electrolyte as a leveling agent for improving interlayer adherence and corrosion resistance of Zn-Mo coatings. Ni-Mo alloys have been known to possess high tensile strength and excellent corrosion protection of steels, and MoTe2 layers have a potential for the application in anticorrosive coatings due to their hydrophobic properties. In this study, MoTe2-Ni-Mo coatings were deposited on stainless steel using both sputtering and electrodeposition methods. These coatings with high corrosion resistance and other desirable properties are in demand in the oil and gas industry since they can protect and thus extend the lifetime of the underlying materials when exposed to aggressive environments. The Zn-Mo and MoTe2-Ni-Mo coatings were evaluated for chemical composition and …
Date:
May 2018
Creator:
Zhou, Ting
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nanofluidic Membrane Based on Covalent Organic Framework: Design Strategies and Applications
Nanofluidic is an emerging field of applying fluid properties in nanochannels or nanostructures. The nanoporous channel with a pore size of less than 100 nm will strongly affect the motion of the fluid. Meanwhile, the pore environment, such as hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, charge density, and host-guest recognition would be crucial for the transportation of molecules and ions in the pore. This thesis is focused on the synthesis, characterization of nanofluidic membranes and their applications to reverse electrodialysis. Chapter 1 focuses on the importance and objective of this work. Chapter 2 gives an overview of nanofluidic and classical nanofluidic structure–covalent organic frameworks (COFs). In Chapter 3, a series of COFs membranes with different surface charge densities were designed by employing a multivariate (MTV) strategy. A volcano-like relationship between the surface charge density and output power density was observed when the membranes were applied for osmotic energy harvesting. Chapter 4 integrates the temperature gradient to the covalent organic frameworks nanofluidic system to further explain the thermophoretic mobility of ions. The recorded osmotic energy production density was obtained while ion concentration polarization was alleviated with increasing hydrodynamic convection effects. In Chapter 5, a coupled photon-electron-ion transport behavior across ionic covalent organic framework …
Date:
December 2022
Creator:
Zhu, Changjia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Synthesis and Characterization of Methylated PCU Dimers
Conversion of 1-Methylpentacyclo[5.4.0.0²⋅⁶.0³⋅¹⁰.0⁵⋅⁹]undecane- 8,11-dione into the corresponding mono(ethylene ketal) followed by Wolff-Kishner reduction resulted in a mixture of two isomers (i.e., 1- and 7-methyl-8-[2',-(1',3',dioxolano)]pentacyclo[5.4.0.0²⋅⁶.0³⋅¹⁰.0⁵⋅⁹] undecane. Hydrolysis of each isomer in turn resulted in 1- and 7- methyl pentacyclo[5.4.0.0²⋅⁶.0³⋅¹⁰.0⁵⋅⁹ ]undecan-8-ones (i.e.,"methylated PCU-8-ones"), respectively. "Titanium-promoted reductive dimerization of each of the methylated pentacycloundecane (PCU)-8-ones afforded mixtures of "methylated PCU alkene dimers". Individual isomers have been isolated from these mixtures via column chromatography by using silver nitrate impregnated silica gel as adsorbent followed by fractional recrystallizations of individual chromatography fractions. Structures of three isomerically pure methylated PCU alkene dimers (C₂₄H₂₈) have been established unequivocally by application of single crystal X-ray crystallographic methods.
Date:
August 1993
Creator:
Zope, Anjali U. (Anjali Umesh)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermochemical investigations of crystalline solutes in non-electrolyte solutions: Mathematical representation of solubility data and the development of predictive solubility equations in systems with specific and non-specific interactions.
Understanding the thermodynamic properties of multicomponent mixtures is of critical importance in many chemical and industrial applications. Experimental measurements become progressively difficult as the number of solution components increases -- producing the need for predictive models. Problems in development of predictive models arise if the mixture has one or more components that interact through molecular complexation or association. Experimental solubilities of anthracene and pyrene dissolved in binary systems containing one or more alcohols were measured in order to address this problem. Alcohols examined in this study were: 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 1-octanol. In binary solvent mixtures containing only a single self-associating alcoholic solvent, the alkane cosolvents studied were: n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, tert-butylcyclohexane. Predictive solubility equations were developed using mobile order theory. This approach differs from classical solution models by representing hydrogen bonding with a probability term rather than with expressions derived from stepwise equilibria or expressions to represent hypothetical solution aggregates. Results were compared with the predicted solubilities found from using expressions developed using the Kretschmer-Wiebe and Mecke-Kempter approaches for modeling associated solutions. It was found that the mobile order approach provided reasonably accurate predictions for the solute solubilities in the systems studied. The …
Date:
May 2008
Creator:
Zvaigzne, Anita Ilze
System:
The UNT Digital Library