This article collected detailed primary data—the Elementary School Operating Status database (ESOS)—to measure the percentage of school districts offering in-person, remote, and hybrid instruction models for elementary schools by state in September 2020 to understand the nature and magnitude of school closures across states during the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on maternal labor force participation. The article shows that schools are a vital source of care for young children, and that without in-person instruction, mothers have been sidelined from the labor force.

This article uses agent-based simulations in three “artificial societies” (one predominantly religious; one predominantly secular; and one in between), to demonstrate that worldview pluralism within one’s neighborhood and family social networks can be a significant predictor of religious (dis)affiliation but in pluralistic societies worldview diversity is less important and, instead, people move toward worldview neutrality.

Paper exploring the desegregation of schools in Texarkana, Texas, including Texarkana College and the Texarkana Independent School District, and it explores how related events are represented in the media.