The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Tom Gillespie. Gillespie joined the Navy and went right to radio school because he was already a radio technician ion civilian life. He was assigned to Special Task Air Group 1 and trained with them to conduct drone strikes on Japanese targets. When he went overseas, he was based at Banika Island, near Pavuvu in the Russell Islands. They attempted a few strikes, but nothing ever came of the project, so the unit went back to the US before the war ended. Gillespie was discharged in November, 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Roy Jacobs. Jacobs joined the Navy in March of 1942. In 1943 he was transferred to Hawaii, serving on the staff of Commander Gilbert Wren. He served there until the end of the war. Jacobs’ job was working with operations on all new missions and selecting all officer personnel that fit the demands of those operations. He provides some details of his work with Port Director, Captain Hyman Rickover with the atomic submarine force. His discharge date is not noted, though he left the service after the war ended.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James D McLaughan, following another interview from 2001. McLaughan joined the Army Air Forces after completing three years of college at Cal Poly. He was stationed at Hamilton Field as a pilot with the 70th Fighter Squadron when the war broke out. He participated in the Yamamoto mission and notes that Rex Barber, who got the kill, always charged into a fight, and that Admiral Halsey sent two cases of fine whiskey to the squadron as a token of appreciation for their completing the mission. His squadron also discovered the airfield at Munda Point, which was hidden by palm trees, and attacked it daily until ground forces took over. McLaughan and his squadron developed the first firebombs by dropping thermite bombs housed within in gasoline-filled water bombs, which they dropped over Tokyo. He believes their technique was the inspiration for napalm.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert G. Bass. Bass was born in Walnut, Illinois on 18 November 1922. He was drafted into the Army in February 1943. After three months of basic and combat military police training at Fort Riley, Kansas, Bass was accepted in the Army Specialized Training Program at the University of Indiana. The program was disbanded in early 1944 and Bass was sent first to an armored infantry unit and then to the 243rd Combat Engineers, training at Camp Breckenridge, Kentucky. On 22 October 1944 the unit sailed to Europe. After a brief stay in England, they crossed the English Channel to La Havre. In December, they were in Belgium in the area where the Battle of the Bulge was being fought. In early 1945 they were on the move to Germany attached to the 1107th Engineering Group, doing road work, clearing mines and building bridges in support of the 87th Infantry. They built a pontoon bridge across the Rhine, crossed, and continued east to Schmolln. They were there when Germany surrendered. Bass and the unit were sent to Erfurt to process German prisoners of war. Erfurt being in the …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Henry Bicknell. Bicknell was drafted by the Army in December of 1942. He served with the 5th Armored Division and was sent to Europe where he drove an ammunition truck for the tanks. He provides details of his training and describes the light tanks they used. In February of 1944 they traveled to England and were attached to Patton’s 3rd Army. They landed on Utah Beach in July of 1944, and traveled through France and the southern part of Belgium, where he participated in the liberation of Luxemburg. Bicknell provides details of his experiences, including running from his ammunition truck when it was struck by a shell and enduring numerous attacks and casualties of fellow servicemen. Bicknell served 3 years with the 5th Armored Division. Bicknell was discharged in October of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Regis Butler. Butler joined the Army Air Forces in March of 1942. He completed flight training and classes in aircraft structures and mechanics. He worked at Bell Aircraft Plant in Niagara Falls to become familiar with P-39s and completed additional classes at Kelly Field in San Antonio on various phases of engines, controls and instruments. He served as a project engineer with the 5th Air Force, 4th Air Service Command, 13th Air Depot, and the Black Cat Squadron. Around February of 1943 they traveled across the Pacific by troop ship to New Caledonia and Guadalcanal. The squadron’s job was to do night patrols, seek out targets and rescue downed pilots. Butler engineered parts and made plane modifications as needed with the PBY, B-25, C-47, P-38 and P-51 aircraft. He traveled to Biak, to survey the airfields in preparation to relocate their squadron. He shares his experiences moving across these Pacific islands, his encounters with the natives and establishing a repair depot in Biak. Butler was discharged in December of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with George O. Cox. Born in Bloomington, Illinois 19 March 1926, Cox graduated from high school in 1943 and joined the US Army. He entered the army Specialized Training Program at Michigan College of Mining and Technology in Houghton. In January 1944 he was transferred to the University of Illinois at Champaign. During May 1944 the program was terminated and he was sent to Camp Fannin, Texas for basic training. Upon completing basic he was sent to Fort Rucker, Alabama where he joined the 66th Infantry Division and was assigned as a rifleman to C Company, 263rd Regiment, 1st Battalion. His unit boarded a troop ship and traveled by convoy to Plymouth, England. In December 1944 the unit was shipped to La Havre, France to relieve the 94th Infantry Division. He had very limited combat experience. He tells of the surrender of Germany on 8 May 1945 and of the unit moving to Marseilles, France. The division was disbanded and he was assigned to A Company 31st Engineers Combat Battalion and sent to Vienna where he supervised German prisoners of war. In November 1945, Cox re-enlisted and returned to …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Edward Daniels. Daniels was born in Marblehead, Massachusetts 9 February 1921. Upon graduating from high school in 1939, he joined the Navy. Completing boot training at Newport, Rhode Island, he was temporarily assigned to the USS Arkansas (BB-33). He was transferred, as a seaman, to the USS Badger (DD-126). Six months later, he was assigned to the USS Dallas (DD-199) as a quartermaster. Recalling convoy duty in the Atlantic, he describes the extreme weather conditions encountered. After a brief period of time aboard the USS PC-562, he was assigned to APc-21. He endured the experience of the ship being sunk by Japanese bombs off New Britain. Daniels was put aboard the USS Brownson (DD-518) only to have it attacked and sunk a week later. Returning to the United States he was sent to the Great Lakes Naval Hospital before being assigned duty as quartermaster on various LSTs being ferried from St. Louis to New Orleans. He was then sent to Boston where he instructed ensigns on the use of a compass. Daniels was discharged in 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with William Horrell. Horrell completed ROTC infantry classes at Western Kentucky University, then joined the Army in May of 1943. He completed Armored Officer Candidate School at Fort Knox, Kentucky. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in September of 1943. He was assigned to the 92nd Reconnaissance Squad, B Company, 66th Armored Infantry Battalion, 12th Armored Division. He had additional training at Camp Campbell in Kentucky, driving half tracks, completing maneuvers and reconnoitering the area. Horrell served as an Armored Infantry Platoon Leader in half tracks. Around June of 1944 they traveled to England, then on to Le Havre, France in November of that same year. He was then assigned to the 7th Army and they completed armored vehicle attacks and maneuvers. They participated in a battle in Stuttgart, Germany. He was discharged in 1946. He retired from the Reserves as a lieutenant colonel.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Buster Simmons. Simmons joined the Army National Guard in September of 1940. He served as a combat medic with the 120th Infantry Regiment, 30th Infantry Division throughout the European theater. He provides some details of his basic and medical training. By 1942 Simmons had worked up to Staff Sergeant and was assigned to Camp Blanding, Florida. After 7 December 1941 their camp began receiving casualties, sending out replacement troops and retraining new recruits for combat. In the fall of 1943 they transferred to Camp Atterbury, Indiana. In February of 1944 they traveled to Scotland aboard the USS Argentina. His detachment was designated to man the ship’s hospital. As First Sergeant at this point, Simmons work was mainly administrative and teaching other medics. His division landed on Omaha Beach in June of 1944 and traveled into Germany, participating in the Battle of the Bulge along the way. He shares vivid details of his experiences traveling through France and Germany, including German counterattacks made upon their group and casualties of fellow servicemen. He was discharged in June of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with C Everette Smith. Smith joined the Navy in September of 1943. He completed Hospital Corpsman School. He was assigned as a corpsman aboard LST 291. In March of 1944 they traveled to England. They participated in the Normandy landings off Omaha Beach in June of 1944. They made 26 trips to France, treating many casualties with basic First Aid in their small hospital aboard ship. Smith provides vivid details of his experiences aboard as a corpsman. Beginning in March of 1945, through the end of the war, he was assigned to the Subic Bay Naval Hospital. He was discharged in April of 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Carl Woods. Woods was born on a homestead in Phillips County, Montana into a family of nine children. He comments on family life during the Great Depression. He enlisted in the Navy in 1942 and went to boot training at Great Lakes Naval Training Station, Illinois. He was then selected to attend hospital corpsman school and describes the training and medical experience he gained before volunteering for submarine duty. After attending Submarine School and receiving additional medical training he was sent to Pearl Harbor where he went aboard the USS Euryale (AS-22) and went to Guam in August 1945. In September 1945 the ship arrived at Kuri, Japan where the crew assisted in destroying one hundred seventy-five Japanese midget submarines. They proceeded to Sasebo, where they destroyed several aircraft carrier submarines. Woods recalls that five Japanese submarines of various sizes where taken to Pearl Harbor for research purposes. He was aboard the ship at dock and experienced a typhoon in December 1945. Returning to the United States, he was assigned to the USS Ronquil (SS-396). In 1953 he was sent to Korea. There he was assigned as the …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Norman Cates. Cates was born in San Antonio, Texas on 19 January 1927 and joined the Navy in 1944. Upon enlisting he was sent to San Diego for boot camp. Upon completion of the training he was sent to Astoria, Washington where he reported aboard the USS Clinton (APA-144). His experiences aboard the Clinton included evacuating the wounded from Guam, picking up a large group of Japanese prisoners on Okinawa for delivery to Pearl Harbor and traveling to Haiphong, French Indochina to pick up Chinese National Revolutionary Army troops to be delivered to the Manchurian border. Cates received his discharge after serving twenty-two months in the Navy.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Richard L Hamil. Hamil joined the Navy in 1942 and received basic training in Newport. He studied diesel engines in Virginia, although it was strictly book-learning as there were no engines available to practice on. Upon completion, he was assigned to the engine room of USS LST-447, his battle station at a 40-millimeter gun, as a loader. His ship carried supplies and Marines throughout the Pacific, often coming under attack. They were struck by a kamikaze at Okinawa, which caused an explosion and killed half a dozen of their crew. When Hamil abandoned ship, kamikazes nearly hit the ship that rescued him. Hamil was sent home on 6 April 1945 and discharged in October.

Transcript of an oral interview with Clinton Edward Stork. Stork joined the Navy in early 1943 and took basic training at San Diego. Upon completion of training, Stork was assigned to the USS Tennessee (BB-43), and joined her at Bremerton, Washington. Stork sailed with the Tennessee to the Aleutian Islands and patrolled there and in the Bering Sea. His job aboard the Tennessee was working on the shell deck. All the 16-inch shells were stored there and Stork's team hoisted them up to turret #1 to be fired. Stork mentions some of the action the Tennessee particpated in during its tour of the Pacific: the Palaus, the marshalls, the Philippines, etc. He also describes being a sideboy when Admiral Nimitz boarded the Tennessee at Pearl Harbor one day. Stork also describes the kamikaze attack on the Tennessee off Okinawa. He spotted the formation of planes coming in low first. Six of the seven were shot down, but the seventh struck the Tennessee. He also mentions going ashore briefly in Tokyo and Yokohama before cruising back to the US via Cape Town, South Africa.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Irving Cumbie. Cumbie joined the Coast Guard in mid-1942 and was commissioned as ensign that December. He completed Quartermaster school. Cumbie was assigned to Key West, Florida to patrol the harbor and transport pilots out to merchant ships. In the summer of 1944 he completed amphibious school at Camp Bradford, Virginia. In October he served as communications officer aboard USS USS LST-886. In January of 1945 they began a 5-week trip for Ulithi to deliver a load of ammo and black powder. They restocked their ship with more ammunition in Guam, which they delivered to Iwo Jima. They continued traveling to Saipan, Tinian and Okinawa moving Seabee equipment, fog oil, and other supplies. Cumbie provides vivid details of their travels and his experiences. In September of 1945 they transported part of the Occupation Force to Japan. He was discharged in March of 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Richard Halfast. Born in Corry, Pennsylvania 20 May 1916, Halfast graduated from high school in 1934. He attended Taylor University in Upland, Indiana, graduating in 1938 and receiving a Medical Degree in 1942. He interned at the City Hospital in Springfield, Ohio until August 1943, at which time he entered the US Army. Reporting to the Camp Davis, North Carolina station hospital, Halfast was trained to do various urological procedures. He was then transferred to the 74th General Hospital and sent to Devonshire, New Hampshire where they went aboard HMS Queen Mary for a five day trip to Glasgow, Scotland. He tells of setting up a hospital in Bristol, England in preparation for receiving wounded from Operation Overlord. They began receiving wounded 7 June 1944. In June 1945, Halfast was sent to the 1st Auxiliary Surgical Group as a triage officer in the 114th Field Hospital. He describes the various types of wounds treated and recalls having twenty-six amputations in one day. He recalls visiting Dachau and describes what he saw there. Returning to the United States in June, 1945, he was ordered to O’Reilly General Hospital in …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Alvin Kendzora. Kendzora enlisted in the Army Air Forces in April 1944 and trained at Sheppard Field in Texas. After basic training, he qualified to train as a radio operator. He departed for overseas in May 1945. He stopped at New Guinea for a month or two before heading for Leyte in the Philippines. He was attached to a headquarters squadron in the Fifth Air Force and was there when the war ended. He was tasked with hauling supplies to Japan and recalls some details of his experiences in Japan. He also managed to travel some in Shanghai as well as Korea. He shares several anecdotes about his experiences overseas and was discharged in May 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Bernard Kuse. Kuse joined the Army Air Forces in August of 1942. He served as a radio operator with the B-17 bombers in the 601st Bomb Squadron, 398th Bomb Group, 8th Air Force. They were assigned to Nuthampstead, England. Kuse flew 36 combat missions over occupied Europe from August through December of 1944. They traveled to Bastogne, Germany and Czechoslovakia. During his missions, he sustained one minor flak wound, and was an eyewitness to his bomber formation receiving an attack by the latest German secret weapon, the ME-262 jet fighter. Kuse shares vivid details of his flight training and combat missions. He was honorably discharged in September of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Warren Wilt. Wilt was born on 5 November 1922 near Plevna, Kansas. Three of his brothers served in the military during World War II. He describes living on a Kansas farm during the Dust Bowl days in the 1920s and 1930s. Soon after enlisting in the Army in 1943, he was sent to Fort Bragg, North Carolina to begin training as a paratrooper. In March 1944, he was assigned to a bazooka team with Company H, 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division. He describes participating in the Normandy invasion and tells of actions in which he was involved prior to being wounded. Following six months of hospitalization and recovery he returned to his unit and participated in the Battle of the Bulge. During this time he suffered from severe frostbite and was hospitalized. Upon being released from the hospital, he was assigned to the 713th Military Police Battalion. He was assigned to guard the residence of President Harry Truman when he attended the Potsdam Conference during July and August 1945. Following the surrender of Germany, Wilt returned to the United States and was discharged in December 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with George Woods. Woods was born in Phillips County, Montana 9 February 1921. One of nine children, he describes how the Great Depression affected his family. After graduation from high school in 1938, he worked various jobs until joining the Navy 14 December 1940. After completing boot camp at Great Lakes Naval Training Station, Illinois, he entered hospital corpsman school at Norfolk, Virginia for twelve weeks. After working in the diet kitchen at the Annapolis Naval Hospital, Woods was sent to dental school. Upon graduation he became an assistant to a dental surgeon. In 1943 he was assigned to the USS Saunter (AM-295) and recalls several incidents involving attacks by kamikaze aircraft. Woods also recalls going aboard the stricken USS Franklin (CV-13) to assist with the wounded. He remembers seeing the 503rd parachuting on to Corregidor and tells how many were killed by ground fire while still in the air. He also recalls action that took place on Fort Drum and the measures taken to eliminate the enemy. While sweeping mines around Corregidor the Saunter hit a mine which blew off twenty feet of the keel, killing and injuring …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Art Goethe. Goethe dropped out of high school after contracting tuberculosis. Upon recovery, he worked as a roofer at the Army barracks. In 1942, he enlisted in the Navy, with his parents’ permission. Despite his abbreviated education, he scored well on examinations and went on to radio school. He transferred in and out of many outfits as a radioman, working on a wooden sub-chaser, an LTA blimp, and an airship rescue unit before boarding the communications ship SC-1066. At Iwo Jima, while anchored off the beach to assist LCVP landings, he took note of communications about the tremendous death toll. After his discharge, Goethe returned home, earned his GED and then a Master’s in education, ultimately becoming a school teacher.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with L.V. Ruffin. Ruffin joined the Army Air Forces on 21 June 1941. After boot camp he worked as an Athletic Instructor at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base in Tucson, Arizona. He completed Primary Flying School in Stamford, Texas and Advanced Flying School in Lubbock, Texas. He provides some details of his flight training. In November of 1942 he flew to Sookerating, India. He provides details of flying over The Hump more than one hundred times in a C-46, and life in general at the base. He returned to the U.S. in July of 1944. In late 1944 through 1945 he completed Instrument School and transported injured soldiers within the U.S. He was discharged in December of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Frank Lowry. Lowry attended Northern Illinois University until August 1942, when he enlisted in the Coast Guard. He was initially stationed in Baltimore as an apprentice seaman, where he guarded foreign merchant ships overnight, armed only with an empty pistol. He later attended Duke University through the Navy College Training Program. After small boats training, he was assigned to the patrol craft USS PC-819 in Adak. As the communications officer, he supervised the radio shack and decoded messages while the patrol craft searched for submarines, but he often felt that both he and his crew were woefully inexperienced. Amidst a revolving door of five different captains within two years, Lowry quickly made engineering officer, executive officer, and finally captain, which was a lonely job. When the war ended, Lowry turned down an opportunity for full lieutenancy, choosing instead to return to school.