511 Matching Results

Results open in a new window/tab.

Odd-Z Transactinide Compound Nucleus Reactions Including the Discovery of 260Bh (open access)

Odd-Z Transactinide Compound Nucleus Reactions Including the Discovery of 260Bh

Several reactions producing odd-Z transactinide compound nuclei were studiedwith the 88-Inch Cyclotron and the Berkeley Gas-Filled Separator at the LawrenceBerkeley National Laboratory. The goal was to produce the same compound nucleus ator near the same excitation energy with similar values of angular momentum via differentnuclear reactions. In doing so, it can be determined if there is a preference in entrancechannel, because under these experimental conditions the survival portion of Swiatecki, Siwek-Wilcznska, and Wilczynski's"Fusion By Diffusion" model is nearly identical forthe two reactions. Additionally, because the same compound nucleus is produced, theexit channel is the same. Four compound nuclei were examined in this study: 258Db, 262Bh, 266Mt, and 272Rg. These nuclei were produced by using very similar heavy-ion induced-fusion reactions which differ only by one proton in the projectile or target nucleus (e.g.: 50Ti + 209Bi vs. 51V + 208Pb). Peak 1n exit channel cross sections were determined for each reaction in each pair, and three of the four pairs' cross sections were identical within statistical uncertainties. This indicates there is not an obvious preference of entrancechannel in these paired reactions. Charge equilibration immediately prior to fusionleading to a decreased fusion barrier is the likely cause of this phenomenon. In addition …
Date: May 14, 2008
Creator: Nelson, Sarah L & Nelson, Sarah L
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Linear RFQ Ion Trap for the Enriched Xenon Observatory (open access)

A Linear RFQ Ion Trap for the Enriched Xenon Observatory

The design, construction, and performance of a linear radio-frequency ion trap (RFQ) intended for use in the Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) are described. EXO aims to detect the neutrinoless double-beta decay of {sup 136}Xe to {sup 136}Ba. To suppress possible backgrounds EXO will complement the measurement of decay energy and, to some extent, topology of candidate events in a Xe filled detector with the identification of the daughter nucleus ({sup 136}Ba). The ion trap described here is capable of accepting, cooling, and confining individual Ba ions extracted from the site of the candidate double-beta decay event. A single trapped ion can then be identified, with a large signal-to-noise ratio, via laser spectroscopy.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Flatt, B.; Green, M.; Wodin, J.; DeVoe, R.; Fierlinger, P.; Gratta, G. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Performance Contracting and Energy Efficiency in the State Government Market (open access)

Performance Contracting and Energy Efficiency in the State Government Market

There is growing interest in energy efficiency (EE) among state policymakers as a result of increasing environmental concerns, rising electricity and natural gas prices, and lean economic times that motivate states to look more aggressively for cost-saving opportunities in public sector buildings. One logical place for state policymakers to demonstrate their commitment to energy efficiency is to 'lead by example' by developing and implementing strategies to reduce the energy consumption of state government facilities through investments in energy efficient technologies. Traditionally, energy efficiency improvements at state government facilities are viewed as a subset in the general category of building maintenance and construction. These projects are typically funded through direct appropriations. However, energy efficiency projects are often delayed or reduced in scope whereby not all cost-effective measures are implemented because many states have tight capital budgets. Energy Savings Performance Contracting (ESPC) offers a potentially useful strategy for state program and facility managers to proactively finance and develop energy efficiency projects. In an ESPC project, Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) typically guarantee that the energy and cost savings produced by the project will equal or exceed all costs associated with implementing the project over the term of the contract. ESCOs typically provide turnkey …
Date: November 14, 2008
Creator: Bharvirkar, Ranjit; Goldman, Charles; Gilligan, Donald; Singer, Terry E.; Birr, David; Donahue, Patricia et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comment on ``Experimental Free Energy Reconstruction From Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy Using Jarzynski's Equality'' (open access)

Comment on ``Experimental Free Energy Reconstruction From Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy Using Jarzynski's Equality''

Harris, Song and Kiang [1] (HSK) describe their results on reconstructing the free energy profiles for both the stretch of the titin polymer, and the unfolding of an individual I27 domain. The new finding reported in [1] is the measurement of the free energy barrier (or activation energy) to unfolding the I27 domain. Due to a misinterpretation of the mechanics involved, the free energy surface (and thus the energy barrier) to unfolding the I27 domain was not measured.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Friddle, R. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Investigations of the Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov Instabilities (open access)

Investigations of the Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov Instabilities

The present program is centered on the experimental study of shock-induced interfacial fluid instabilities. Both 2-D (near-sinusoids) and 3-D (spheres) initial conditions are studied in a large, vertical square shock tube facility. The evolution of the interface shape, its distortion, the modal growth rates and the mixing of the fluids at the interface are all objectives of the investigation. In parallel to the experiments, calculations are performed using the Raptor code, on platforms made available by LLNL. These flows are of great relevance to both ICF and stockpile stewardship. The involvement of four graduate students is in line with the national laboratories' interest in the education of scientists and engineers in disciplines and technologies consistent with the labs' missions and activities.
Date: March 14, 2008
Creator: Bonazza, Riccardo; Anderson, Mark & Oakley, Jason
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Final report on work for Center for Gyrokinetic Particle Simulation of Turbulent Transport in Burning Plasmas — Tools for Improved Data Logistics (open access)

Final report on work for Center for Gyrokinetic Particle Simulation of Turbulent Transport in Burning Plasmas — Tools for Improved Data Logistics

This project focused on the use of Logistical Networking technology to address the challenges involved in rapid sharing of data from the the Center's gyrokinetic particle simulations, which can be on the order of terabytes per time step, among researchers at a number of geographically distributed locations. There is a great need to manage data on this scale in a flexible manner, with simulation code, file system, database and visualization functions requiring access. The project used distributed data management infrastructure based on Logistical Networking technology to address these issues in a way that maximized interoperability and achieved the levels of performance the required by the Center's application community. The work focused on the development and deployment of software tools and infrastructure for the storage and distribution of terascale datasets generated by simulations running at the National Center for Computational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Date: September 14, 2008
Creator: Beck, Micah
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary Evaluation of a Portable Handheld Combined Gamma and Neutron Directional Isotopic Identifying Detector (open access)

Preliminary Evaluation of a Portable Handheld Combined Gamma and Neutron Directional Isotopic Identifying Detector

Purpose: To simulate the performance of a portable dual gamma and neutron identification detector array with dual directional detection capability for preliminary algorithm evaluation. Experimental procedures: Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) analysis on a compact array of borated polyvinyl toluene light pipes and photomultiplier tubes, standard spectral histogramming, and directional detection capability simulations. Results: Results demonstrate that the detector system is fully capable of correcting for background variations when identifying common gamma and neutron sources while simultaneously providing source location direction estimates. Familiar anthropogenic isotopes are readily identified such as Am-241, Cs-137, Cf-252 and Co-60. Directional resolution is estimated to be within approximately 15 degrees. Specifically, all features expected for the array have been demonstrated to be credible through MCNP analysis. Conclusions: Use of this handheld dual neutron and gamma spectrometer has the promise of widespread applicability. By ultimately correlating MCNP results with empirical measurements, substantial confidence can be placed on predicting detector response to sufficiently similar spectral sources under alternate experimental configurations. Use of the detector has substantial promise for operational health physics applications.
Date: February 14, 2008
Creator: Hayes, Robert
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Microbial transformations of uranium in wastes and implication on its mobility (open access)

Microbial transformations of uranium in wastes and implication on its mobility

Uranium exists in several chemical forms in mining and mill tailings and in nuclear and weapons production wastes. Under appropriate conditions, microorganisms can affect the stability and mobility of U in wastes by altering the chemical speciation, solubility and sorption properties and thus could increase or decrease the concentrations of U in solution and the bioavailability. Dissolution or immobilization of U is brought about by direct enzymatic action or indirect nonenzymatic action of microorganisms. Although the physical, chemical, and geochemical processes affecting dissolution, precipitation, and mobilization of U have been extensively investigated, we have only limited information on the mechanisms of microbial transformations of various chemical forms of U in the presence of electron donors and acceptors.
Date: September 14, 2008
Creator: Suzuki, Y.; Nankawa, T.; Ozaki, T.; Ohnuki, T.; Francis, A. J.; Enokida, Y. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chamonium Spectroscopy at BaBar (open access)

Chamonium Spectroscopy at BaBar

The charmonium-like states, Y(4260), Y(4350), produced via initial state radiation, as well as the X(3872), and Y(3940), produced in B meson decays from the BABAR B-factory are reviewed. These mesons do not seem consistent with conventional charmonium models, and several alternate hypotheses have been proposed to explain these new discoveries.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Mokhtar, Arafat Gabareen & U., /Colorado State
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Remaining Sites Verification Package for the 1607-F1 Sanitary Sewer System (124-F-1) and the 100-F-26:8 (1607-F1) Sanitary Sewer Pipelines Waste Sites, Waste Site Reclassification Form 2004-130 (open access)

Remaining Sites Verification Package for the 1607-F1 Sanitary Sewer System (124-F-1) and the 100-F-26:8 (1607-F1) Sanitary Sewer Pipelines Waste Sites, Waste Site Reclassification Form 2004-130

The 1607-F1 Sanitary Sewer System (124-F-1), consisted of a septic tank, drain field, and associated pipelines that received sanitary waste water from the 1701-F Gatehouse, 1709-F Fire Station, and the 1720-F Administrative Office via the 100-F-26:8 pipelines. The septic tank required remedial action based on confirmatory sampling. In accordance with this evaluation, the verification sampling results support a reclassification of this site to Interim Closed Out. The results of verification sampling show that residual contaminant concentrations do not preclude any future uses and allow for unrestricted use of shallow zone soils. The results also demonstrate that residual contaminant concentrations are protective of groundwater and the Columbia River.
Date: March 14, 2008
Creator: Dittmer, L. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The evolution of Ga and As core levels in the formation of Fe/GaAs (001):A high resolution soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study (open access)

The evolution of Ga and As core levels in the formation of Fe/GaAs (001):A high resolution soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study

A high resolution soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of Ga and As 3d core levels has been conducted for Fe/GaAs (001) as a function of Fe thickness. This work has provided unambiguous evidence of substrate disrupting chemical reactions induced by the Fe overlayer--a quantitative analysis of the acquired spectra indicates significantly differing behavior of Ga and As during Fe growth, and our observations have been compared with existing theoretical models. Our results demonstrate that the outdiffusing Ga and As remain largely confined to the interface region, forming a thin intermixed layer. Whereas at low coverages Fe has little influence on the underlying GaAs substrate, the onset of substrate disruption when the Fe thickness reaches 3.5 Angstrom results in major changes in the energy distribution curves (EDCs) of both As and Ga 3d cores. Our quantitative analysis suggests the presence of two additional As environments of metallic character: one bound to the interfacial region and another which, as confirmed by in situ oxidation experiments, surface segregates and persists over a wide range of overlayer thickness. Analysis of the corresponding Ga 3d EDCs found not two, but three additional environments--also metallic in nature. Two of the three are interface resident whereas the …
Date: July 14, 2008
Creator: Thompson, Jamie; Neal, James; Shen, Tiehan; Morton, Simon; Tobin, James; Waddill, George Dan et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Examination of Flavor SU(3) in B, Bs to Kpi Decays (open access)

Examination of Flavor SU(3) in B, Bs to Kpi Decays

We update a discussion of the relation between the weak phase and the rates and CP asymmetries of several K{pi} decays of B{sup +}, B{sup 0}, and B{sub s}. We emphasize the impact of measurements of B{sub s} {yields} K{pi}. Current data indicate large SU(3) breaking in the strong phases or failure of factorization (including its application to penguin amplitudes) in K{pi} modes of B{sup 0} and B{sub s}. SU(3) and factorization only remain approximately valid if the branching ratio for B{sub s} {yields} K{sup -}{pi}{sup +} exceeds its current value of (5.00 {+-} 1.25) x 10{sup -6} by at least 50%, or if a parameter {zeta} describing ratios of form factors and decay constants is shifted from its nominal value by more than twice its estimated error.
Date: April 14, 2008
Creator: Chiang, Cheng-Wei; /Taiwan, Natl. Central U. /Taiwan, Inst. Phys.; Gronau, Michael; /SLAC; Rosner, Jonathan L. & /Chicago U., EFI /Chicago U.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Investigation of Radar Propagation in Buildings: A 10 Billion Element Cartesian-Mesh FETD Simulation (open access)

Investigation of Radar Propagation in Buildings: A 10 Billion Element Cartesian-Mesh FETD Simulation

In this paper large scale full-wave simulations are performed to investigate radar wave propagation inside buildings. In principle, a radar system combined with sophisticated numerical methods for inverse problems can be used to determine the internal structure of a building. The composition of the walls (cinder block, re-bar) may effect the propagation of the radar waves in a complicated manner. In order to provide a benchmark solution of radar propagation in buildings, including the effects of typical cinder block and re-bar, we performed large scale full wave simulations using a Finite Element Time Domain (FETD) method. This particular FETD implementation is tuned for the special case of an orthogonal Cartesian mesh and hence resembles FDTD in accuracy and efficiency. The method was implemented on a general-purpose massively parallel computer. In this paper we briefly describe the radar propagation problem, the FETD implementation, and we present results of simulations that used over 10 billion elements.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Stowell, M. L.; Fasenfest, B. J. & White, D. A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Devloping High Energy Radiography for HED Experiments on NIF and Omega-EP (open access)

Devloping High Energy Radiography for HED Experiments on NIF and Omega-EP

High energy radiography capabilities are essential for many future DNT/HED experiments on NIF. We have been developing bright, high-energy (15-100 keV), high resolution (< 20 {micro}m), 1-D and 2-D radiography solutions for DNT experiments on NIF. In this LDRD, we have made significant progress utilizing high-energy, high-intensity, short-pulse lasers to generate hard K-{alpha} photons. High energy K-{alpha} sources are created by hot electrons interacting in the target fluor material after irradiation by lasers with intensity I{sub L} > 10{sup 17} W/cm{sup 2}. High resolution point projection 1-D and 2-D radiography have been achieved using {mu}-foil and {mu}-wire targets attached to low-Z substrate materials. The {mu}-wire size was 10 x 10 x 300 {micro}m on a 300 x 300 x 5 {micro}m CH substrate creating the point source size equivalent to these micro targets. This unique technique will utilize the NIF short pulse laser (ARC) as a backlighter suitable for the full range of DNT science experiments on NIF.
Date: February 14, 2008
Creator: Maddox, B.; Tommasini, R.; Remington, B.; Key, M. & Town, R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SEISMIC DESIGN CRITERIA OF DOE-STD-1189-2008 APPENDIX A [FULL PAPER] (open access)

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SEISMIC DESIGN CRITERIA OF DOE-STD-1189-2008 APPENDIX A [FULL PAPER]

This paper describes the approach taken by two Fluor Hanford projects for implementing of the seismic design criteria from DOE-STD-1189-2008, Appendix A. The existing seismic design criteria and the new seismic design criteria is described, and an assessment of the primary differences provided. The gaps within the new system of seismic design criteria, which necessitate conduct of portions of work to the existing technical standards pending availability of applicable industry standards, is discussed. Two Hanford Site projects currently in the Control Decision (CD)-1 phase of design have developed an approach to implementation of the new criteria. Calculations have been performed to determine the seismic design category for one project, based on information available in early CD-1. The potential effects of DOE-STD-1189-2008, Appendix A seismic design criteria on the process of project alternatives analysis is discussed. Present of this work is expected to benefit others in the DOE Complex that may be implementing DOE-STD-1189-2008.
Date: May 14, 2008
Creator: SK, OMBERG
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Time Projection Chamber for precision 239Pu(n,f) cross section measurement (open access)

A Time Projection Chamber for precision 239Pu(n,f) cross section measurement

High precision measurements of the {sup 239}Pu(n,f) cross section have been identified as important for the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) and other programs. Currently the uncertainty on this cross section is of the order 2-3% for neutron energies below 14 MeV and the goal is to reduce this to less than 1%. The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) has been identified as a possible tool to make this high precision measurement.
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Heffner, M
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Performance of the upgraded LTP-II at the ALS Optical Metrology Laboratory (open access)

Performance of the upgraded LTP-II at the ALS Optical Metrology Laboratory

The next generation of synchrotrons and free electron laser facilities requires x-ray optical systems with extremely high performance, generally of diffraction limited quality. Fabrication and use of such optics requires adequate, highly accurate metrology and dedicated instrumentation. Previously, we suggested ways to improve the performance of the Long Trace Profiler (LTP), a slope measuring instrument widely used to characterize x-ray optics at long spatial wavelengths. The main way is use of a CCD detector and corresponding technique for calibration of photo-response non-uniformity [J. L. Kirschman, et al., Proceedings of SPIE 6704, 67040J (2007)]. The present work focuses on the performance and characteristics of the upgraded LTP-II at the ALS Optical Metrology Laboratory. This includes a review of the overall aspects of the design, control system, the movement and measurement regimes for the stage, and analysis of the performance by a slope measurement of a highly curved super-quality substrate with less than 0.3 microradian (rms)slope variation.
Date: July 14, 2008
Creator: Source, Advanced Light; Yashchuk, Valeriy V; Kirschman, Jonathan L.; Domning, Edward E.; McKinney, Wayne R.; Morrison, Gregory Y. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Multivariate Time Series Method for Monte Carlo Reactor Analysis (open access)

A Multivariate Time Series Method for Monte Carlo Reactor Analysis

A robust multivariate time series method has been established for the Monte Carlo calculation of neutron multiplication problems. The method is termed Coarse Mesh Projection Method (CMPM) and can be implemented using the coarse statistical bins for acquisition of nuclear fission source data. A novel aspect of CMPM is the combination of the general technical principle of projection pursuit in the signal processing discipline and the neutron multiplication eigenvalue problem in the nuclear engineering discipline. CMPM enables reactor physicists to accurately evaluate major eigenvalue separations of nuclear reactors with continuous energy Monte Carlo calculation. CMPM was incorporated in the MCNP Monte Carlo particle transport code of Los Alamos National Laboratory. The great advantage of CMPM over the traditional Fission Matrix method is demonstrated for the three space-dimensional modeling of the initial core of a pressurized water reactor.
Date: August 14, 2008
Creator: Ueki, Taro
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
New Group Contribution and Equation of State Models for Improved Engineering Practice (open access)

New Group Contribution and Equation of State Models for Improved Engineering Practice

As this was the final year of the research contract, most of the activities centered on completing some of the research in progress, and an orderly transition to other activities. Overall, the recent years of the project have been successful as evidenced by the accomplishments listed below and the papers published between 2005 and the present, as well as their impact and the cooperation they have encouraged with people qt other universities and industry.
Date: July 14, 2008
Creator: Sandler, Stanley I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Discrimination Report: A Multisensor system for detection andcharacterization of UXO, ESTCP Project MM-0437, (open access)

Discrimination Report: A Multisensor system for detection andcharacterization of UXO, ESTCP Project MM-0437,

The Berkeley UXO Discriminator (BUD) is an optimally designed active electromagnetic system that not only detects but also characterizes UXO. The performance of the system is governed by a target size-depth curve. BUD was designed to detect UXO in the 20 mm to 155 mm size range for depths between 0 and 1.5 m, and to characterize them in a depth range from 0 to 1.1 m. The system incorporates three orthogonal transmitters and eight pairs of differenced receivers. Eight receiver coils are placed horizontally along the two diagonals of the upper and lower planes of the two horizontal transmitter loops. These receiver coil pairs are located on symmetry lines through the center of the system and each pair sees identical fields during the on-time of the pulse in all of the transmitter coils. They are wired in opposition to produce zero output during the on-time of the pulses in three orthogonal transmitters. Moreover, this configuration dramatically reduces noise in the measurements by canceling the background electromagnetic fields (these fields are uniform over the scale of the receiver array and are consequently nulled by the differencing operation), and by canceling the noise contributed by the tilt motion of the receivers …
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Gasperikova, Erika; Smith, J. Torquil; Morrison, H.Frank & Becker,Alex
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Studies of regional-scale climate variability and change: Hidden Markov models and coupled ocean-atmosphere modes (open access)

Studies of regional-scale climate variability and change: Hidden Markov models and coupled ocean-atmosphere modes

In this project we developed further a twin approach to the study of regional-scale climate variability and change. The two approaches involved probabilistic network (PN) models (sometimes called dynamic Bayesian networks) and intermediate-complexity coupled ocean-atmosphere models (ICMs). We thus made progress in identifying the predictable modes of climate variability and investigating their impacts on the regional scale. In previous work sponsored by DOE’s Climate Change Prediction Program (CCPP), we had developed a family of PNs (similar to Hidden Markov Models) to simulate historical records of daily rainfall, and used them to downscale seasonal predictions of general circulation models (GCMs). Using an idealized atmospheric model, we had established a novel mechanism through which ocean-induced sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies might influence large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns on interannual and longer time scales; similar patterns were found in a hybrid coupled ocean–atmosphere–sea-ice model. In this continuation project, we built on these ICM results and PN model development to address prediction of rainfall and temperature statistics at the local scale, associated with global climate variability and change, and to investigate the impact of the latter on coupled ocean–atmosphere modes. Our main project results consist of extensive further development of the hidden Markov models for rainfall …
Date: October 14, 2008
Creator: Ghil, M.; Kravtsov, S.; Robertson, A. W. & Smyth, P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pyramid Lake Renewable Energy Project (open access)

Pyramid Lake Renewable Energy Project

The Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe is a federally recognized Tribe residing on the Pyramid Lake Reservation in western Nevada. The funding for this project was used to identify blind geothermal systems disconnected from geothermal sacred sites and develop a Tribal energy corporation for evaluating potential economic development for profit.
Date: March 14, 2008
Creator: Jackson, John
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Errors and Uncertainties in Dose Reconstruction for Radiation Effects Research (open access)

Errors and Uncertainties in Dose Reconstruction for Radiation Effects Research

Dose reconstruction for studies of the health effects of ionizing radiation have been carried out for many decades. Major studies have included Japanese bomb survivors, atomic veterans, downwinders of the Nevada Test Site and Hanford, underground uranium miners, and populations of nuclear workers. For such studies to be credible, significant effort must be put into applying the best science to reconstructing unbiased absorbed doses to tissues and organs as a function of time. In many cases, more and more sophisticated dose reconstruction methods have been developed as studies progressed. For the example of the Japanese bomb survivors, the dose surrogate “distance from the hypocenter” was replaced by slant range, and then by TD65 doses, DS86 doses, and more recently DS02 doses. Over the years, it has become increasingly clear that an equal level of effort must be expended on the quantitative assessment of uncertainty in such doses, and to reducing and managing uncertainty. In this context, this paper reviews difficulties in terminology, explores the nature of Berkson and classical uncertainties in dose reconstruction through examples, and proposes a path forward for Joint Coordinating Committee for Radiation Effects Research (JCCRER) Project 2.4 that requires a reasonably small level of effort for …
Date: April 14, 2008
Creator: Strom, Daniel J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Neutralizing Carbonic Acid in Deep Carbonate Strata below the North Atlantic (open access)

Neutralizing Carbonic Acid in Deep Carbonate Strata below the North Atlantic

Carbon dioxide injection into deep sea sediments below 2700 m water depth and a few hundred meters to fifteen hundred meters deep in the sediment column may provide permanent geologic storage by gravitational trapping. At high pressures and low temperatures common in deep sea sediments a few hundred meters below sea floor, CO{sub 2} will be in its liquid phase and will be denser than the overlying pore fluid. The lower density of the pore fluid provides a cap to the denser CO{sub 2} and ensures gravitational trapping in the short term. The overall storage capacity for CO{sub 2} in such deep sea formations below the ocean floor is primarily determined by the permeability, and will vary with seafloor depth, geothermal gradient, porosity, and pore water salinity. Furthermore, the dissemination of the injected CO{sub 2} in the sediments and potential chemical reactions between CO{sub 2}, pore fluid and sediments will define its fate in the storage reservoir. The main objectives of our research was to evaluate the potential for sub-seabed CO{sub 2} storage in deep sea sediments using a range of approaches including experiments, permeability analysis, and modeling. Over the course of the three-year award, our results support an important …
Date: January 14, 2008
Creator: Lackner, Klaus; Harvey, Charles & Watson, Bruce
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library